Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GRDA > larynx > Flashcards

larynx Flashcards

1
Q

what is the larynx?

A

organ of voice production and the parts of the respiratory tract between the lower pharynx and trachea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the function of the larynx?

A

acts as a compound sphincter to prevent passage of food/drink into airway
forms a framework of cartilage for the attachment of ligaments and muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is the larynx comprised of?

A

3 unpaired cartilages (epiglottis, thyroid, cricoid)
3 paired cartilages (arytenoid, cuneiform, corniculate)
a fibro-elastic membrane
intrinsic muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

location of larynx

A

anterior to C3-6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

innervation of larynx

A

vagus n. CN X

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

describe the epiglottis

A

flexible due to high elastin content
attached to thyroid cartilage by thyro-epiglottic ligament
attached to hyoid by hypo-epiglottic ligament

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

describe the thyroid cartilage

A

largest of the cartilages
two plate-likelaminaefuse anteriorly in the median plane forming laryngeal prominence
Superior to laryngeal prominence, the laminae diverge to form a V-shapedsuperior thyroid notch (there is an inferior notch, but it’s less visible)
The posterior border of each lamina projects superiorly as thesuperior hornand inferiorly as theinferior horn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

superior border of thyroid cartilage lies _____

A

opposite C4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

describe cricoid cartilage

A

articulates with the thyroid cartilage
shaped like a signet ring
posterior= lamina
anterior= arch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

3 sided pyramidal cartilages that sit atop of the cricoid cartilage

A

arytenoid cartilage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

function of vocal processes on arytenoid cartilage

A

vocal ligaments attach to these cartilages anteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

function of muscular processes of arytenoid cartilage

A

projects laterally to serve as a lever for laryngeal muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

action of arytenoid cartilages

A

slide, tilt and rotate to approximate, tense and relax vocal cords

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

describe cricothyroid membrane

A

anteriorly attached to thyroid cartilage
posteriorly attached to vocal process of arytenoid cartilages

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is the vocal ligament?

A

upper margin of cricothyroid membrane that is free and thickened
true vocal cords

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

describe quadrangular membrane

A

runs between epiglottis and arytenoid cartilages
cuneiform cartilages are contained within this membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the vestibular ligament?

A

free lower margin of quadrangular membrane
false vocal folds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what makes up the vocal fold?

A

vocal ligament + vocalis m.

19
Q

what is the purpose of the vestibular folds?

A

serve to protect the vocal folds

20
Q

action of cricothyroid muscles

A

pulls thyroid cartilage anteriorly on the cricoid cartilage
stretches and tenses vocal cords (high pitch)

21
Q

innervation of cricothyroid muscles

A

external branch of superior laryngeal nerve (CN X)

22
Q

action of posterior cricoarytenoid muscle

A

externally rotate the vocal process of the arytenoid cartilages
open the rima glottidis
only abductor of the vocal folds

23
Q

innervation of transverse, oblique, posterior and lateral cricoarytenoid muscle, thyroarytenoid and vocalis muscles

A

recurrent laryngeal nerve

24
Q

action of lateral cricoarytenoid muscle

A

internally rotate the vocal process of the arytenoid
close the rima glottidis
adduct vocal folds

25
Q

action of transverse and oblique arytenoid muscles

A

adduct and narrow laryngeal inlet

26
Q

action of thyroarytenoid and vocalis muscles

A

narrow laryngeal inlet
relax vocal folds

27
Q

describe thyrohyoid membrane

A

between thyroid cartilage and hyoid
laterally contains two apertures which allow internal branch of superior laryngeal n. and superior laryngeal a. passage into the internal surface of larynx

28
Q

describe cricotracheal ligament

A

attaches the cricoid cartilage to the first tracheal ring

29
Q

describe hypo-epiglottic ligament

A

attaches epiglottic cartilage to hyoid

30
Q

describe the laryngeal vestibule

A

extends from laryngeal inlet to vestibular fold
comprised of laryngeal inlet and quadrangular membrane

31
Q

describe the central (middle) cavity

A

space between vestibular and vocal folds
laryngeal ventricles and saccules = lateral bulge of the mucosa

32
Q

describe the infraglottic cavity

A

space from vocal folds to inferior border of cricoid cartilage
comprised of cricothyroid membrane and cricoid cartilage

33
Q

what is the rima glottidis?

A

space between vocal folds

34
Q

what is the rima vestibuli?

A

space between the vestibular folds

35
Q

motor innervation to cricothyroid

A

external laryngeal nerve

36
Q

sensory and parasympathetic innervation of larynx superior to vocal folds

A

internal laryngeal nerve

37
Q

sensory innervation of the larynx inferior to the vocal folds and motor innervation of all intrinsic muscles of the larynx except cricothyroid muscle

A

recurrent laryngeal nerve

38
Q

what is an important relationship between recurrent laryngeal n. and thyroid gland

A

the recurrent laryngeal n. ascends superiorly to the posteromedial aspect of the thyroid gland

39
Q

what is an important relationship between the piriform recess and internal laryngeal nerve?

A

the internal laryngeal n. lies deep to the mucosa of the piriform recess making it vulnerable to injury when a foreign body lodges in the fossa

40
Q

describe the superior laryngeal artery

A

branch of superior thyroid artery off the external carotid artery
supplies upper half of larynx
accompanies internal branch of superior laryngeal n. through thyrohyoid membrane

41
Q

describe the inferior laryngeal artery

A

branch of inferior thyroid artery of thyrocervical trunk of the subclavian artery
supplies lower half of larynx
ascends in tracheo-esophageal groove with recurrent laryngeal nerve

42
Q

describe lymphatic drainage above the vocal folds

A

follow superior laryngeal vessels through thyrohyoid membrane and drain into superior deep cervical nodes

43
Q

describe lymphatic drainage below the vocal folds

A

drain into pre-tracheal or para-tracheal nodes which drain into inferior deep cervical nodes

44
Q

important structures at C3/4

A

superior border of thyroid cartilage
common carotid artery bifurcation
location of hyoid

GRDA (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions