Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Metabolism > The Nutritional Value of Minerals > Flashcards

The Nutritional Value of Minerals Flashcards

1
Q

What are the major minerals?

A

sodium, chloride, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and sulphate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the trace minerals?

A

iron, zinc, copper, manganese, fluoride, chromium, molybdenum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does a calcium deficiency lead to?

A

osteoporosis, rickets and blood clotting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does excess calcium lead to?

A

impaired kidney function, kidney stones, malabsorption of other minerals, constipation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How much calcium is required in the diet per day?

A

1g

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which vitamin is required for calcium absorption?

A

vitamin D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which hormone lowers blood calcium?

A

calcitonin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which hormone increases blood calcium?

A

parathyroid hormone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When does malignant hyperthermia occur?

A

when muscles release excess calcium - triggered by halothane in people who are genetically predisposed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the upper limit for calcium intake?

A

2.5g per day

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the role of phosphate?

A

mineralisation of bones and teeth, genetic material, buffer, phospholipids, energy transfer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the symptoms of hypophosphatemia?

A

muscle and neurological dysfunction, blood cell fragility, bone pain, limitation to growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the symptoms of phosphate toxicity?

A

diarrhoea and calcification of organs and soft tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How much phosphorus is required per day?

A

1g

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the role of potassium in the body?

A

fluid and electrolyte balance, nerve impulse transmission, muscle contraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the symptoms of potassium deficiency?

A

irregular heartbeat, muscular weakness, glucose intolerance

17
Q

What are the symptoms of potassium toxicity?

A

muscle weakness, vomiting and if given directly to a vein can stop the heart

18
Q

What is the food source for sulphur?

A

protein

19
Q

How does a hair perm work?

A

the chemicals break the sulphide bonds in the hair

20
Q

What is the recommended daily intake of sodium?

A

less than 2.3g per day

21
Q

What are the symptoms of a sodium deficiency?

A

muscle cramps, mental apathy, loss of appetite

22
Q

What are the symptoms of sodium toxicity?

A

oedema, hypertension

23
Q

What does chloride toxicity cause?

A

vomiting

24
Q

What are the functions of magnesium in the body?

A

bone mineralisation, building of protein, enzyme action, muscle contraction, nerve impulses, maintenance of teeth, functioning of the immune system

25
Q

What are the symptoms of magnesium deficiency?

A

weakness, confusion, convulsions, muscle movements, hallucinations, difficulty in swallowing, growth failure

26
Q

What are the symptoms of magnesium toxicity?

A

diarrhoea, alkalosis, dehydration

27
Q

What are epsom salts used for?

A

laxative

28
Q

What are the symptoms of iron deficiency?

A

anemia and pica

29
Q

What is haemachromatosis and what are the symptoms?

A

iron excess - bronze skin, hepatic cirrhosis, diabetes mellitus

30
Q

Why do men need more zinc than women?

A

because zinc is needed for the making of sperm

31
Q

What are the symptoms of zinc deficiency?

A

growth retardation, delayed sexual maturation, impaired immune function, hair loss, eye and skin lesions, loss of appetite

32
Q

What are the symptoms of a copper deficiency?

A

anaemia, bone abnormalities

33
Q

What are the symptoms of copper toxicity?

A

liver damage

34
Q

What genetic diseases are related to copper?

A

Menke’s disease (too little) and Wilson’s disease (too much)

35
Q

What is the role of selenium in the body?

A

defends against oxidation, regulates thyroid hormone

36
Q

What are the symptoms of selenium deficiency?

A

predisposition to heart disease

37
Q

What is the function of chromium in the body?

A

enhances insulin action

38
Q

Which vitamin is cobalt part of?

A

vitamin B12

39
Q

What is the role of fluoride in the body?

A

maintains health of bones and teeth

Metabolism (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions