the new right: crime

Question 1

define the underclass

Answer 1

those at the bottom of the class structure, characterised by lack of work ethic and dependency on the council

Question 2

murray 1989 on the underclass

Answer 2

the underclass commit most crimes because they have not been socialised into mainstream values

Question 3

what did murray say about family structure in 2005?

Answer 3

those without nuclear family structure, eg single mothers, are not socialised correctly

Question 4

saunders 1990

Answer 4

those who depend entirely on the welfare state subscribe to fatalistic culture

Question 5

marsland 1991

Answer 5

if the welfare state reduce their generosity, the underclass could become more self reliant

Question 6

left realist young’s 2003 critique of right realism

Answer 6

right realism blames victims for their own state of poverty rather than acknowledging the social issues which perpetuate poverty

Question 7

clarke 1980

Answer 7

opportunity theory: people commit crime if the costs outweigh the benefits

Question 8

hirshi 1969

Answer 8

there are 4 main reasons people do not commit crime:
1- attachment to current support
2- commitment to their current responsibilities
3- involvement with wider society
4- belief in morals
he says that someone who lacks one of these is more likely to commit crime

Question 9

wilson and kelling 1982

Answer 9

broken windows theory: damaged physical environment reflects lack of control of it