feminism: crime Flashcards
what is malestream criminology?
criminology that ignores the experiences of women in research
what is stanko’s view on domestic violence?
the government’s failure to prevent or even recognise domestic violence is a part of subordination of women in a patriarchal society
why are womens crimes neglected according to heidensohn?
women commit less serious crimes such as shoplifting more frequently
what does heidensohn’s term ‘vicarious identification’ mean?
male sociologists prefer to study exciting or unusual crimes rather than everyday minor crimes, which women dominate
how many women receive a jail sentence after their first offence?
34%
how many men receive a jail sentence after their first offence?
10%
how could you explain 34% of women receiving a jail sentence after first offence compared to only 10% of men?
women are committing a double deviance
why did adler argue there was an increased level of female crime in 2000s?
liberation theory: women becoming involved with male dominated spheres. eg ladette culture
parsons view on lower female crime rates
women are socialised into being feminine, therefore are less inclined to crime
sutherland views on lower female crime rates
women are more likely to be socialised into passive roles, whereas men are more likely to be socialised into aggressive roles. this is reinforced by the media which promotes an ideal woman image which isnt associated with crime
what is heidensohn’s reason for lower female crime rates?
social control
what are the 3 areas of social control of women outlined by heidensohn?
the home, the public, the workplace
what did carlen say about female crime rates?
women commit crime due to failed efforts in the workplace, home, or family. they had been released from social control
what 3 reasons for female crime did croall outline?
drug addiction, thrill of crime, consumer culture
pollack opinion on female crime rates?
statistics reflect judicial leniency. domestic roles allow crime to remain hidden. women are used to deceiving men
what did smart say the reason for lower female crime rates was?
differences in parental control
what did gelsthorpe argue about crime rates?
there has not been a rise in female criminality, just harsher sentencing and loss of chivalry
what did procek say about female crime?
women are more likely to act on psychological issues, or be linked to hormones
define messerschmidt’s term ‘normative masculinity’
males who cannot express their power through work express it through violence at home or in the street
what are messerschmidt’s 2 types of masculinity?
accomodating masculinity and oppositional masculinity
katz postmodern view on crime
people commit crime for the thrill. crime offers a break from boredom, leading to a sense of identity created by criminal activity
what is lyng’s edgework theory?
exiting the norms and entering deviance is done for the thrill of risk taking.
winlow’s view on male criminality
the deindustrialization of working class communities has led to changing views on masculinity
criticisms of heidensohn
overgeneralisation of experiences of women. no empirical evidence
critiques of feminist views on crime
- ignoring other aspects which affect crime, eg class or ethnicity
- over exaggeration of gender importance to crime
- traditional ideas of socialisation can be seen as outdated now
