The Network Layer of the TCP/IP model Flashcards
what is an IP address made of?
32 bits with four octets, each octet described in decimal numbers.
how many numbers can 8 bits of data or a single octet represent?
all decimal numbers from 0 to 255, any number above 255 would be an invalid part of an IP address.
What format is an IP address in
dotted decimal notation. 1.1.1.1
How are IP addresses distributed
large sections to various organizations and companies instead of being determined by hardware vendors
IP addresses are more ____ and ______ to _____ ____ about then physical addresses are
hierarchical, easier, store data
what IP does IBM own
every IP address that has the number 9 as the first octet.
what do IP addresses belong to?
networks, not the device is attached to networks.
What kind of address is always the same and cannot be configured?
mac addresses
what kind of address can change depending on what network you are connected to
IP addresses
DHCP
dynamic host configuration protocol
what assigns IP addresses
dynamic host configuration protocol, by a LAN.
was an IP address assigned by DHCP called
dynamic IP address
what is a static IP address
an IP address that needs to be configured on a node manually
what are static IP address is typically reserved for?
servers and network devices
what are dynamic IP addresses reserved for?
clients, t typically
TWo Primary Parts of an IP Datagram:
Header, Payload
IP Datagram definition:
a highly structured series of fields that are strictly defined in the payload of an ethernet frame.
IP Datagram header fields
version 4, header length 4, service type8, total length 16, identification 16, flags 3, fragment offset, TTL 8, protocol 8, header checksum 16, source IP address 32, Destination IP address 32, Options 24, Padding 8.
the first field in an IP data gram header, 4 bits, indicates what version of internet protocol is being used.
version field
the second field in an IP data gram header. a four bit field that declares how long the entire header is.
the header length field
how long is an IP data gram header almost always?
20 bytes for IPv4
what is the minimum length of an IP header?
20 bytes
the third field in an IP data gram header. 8 bits that can be used to specify details about QoS technologies
service type field
services that allow routers to make decisions about which IP data gram may be important than others.
Quality of Service technology. QoS technology.
total length field
