Broadband protocols Flashcards
what do broadband communications require?
a set of instructions, rules, and communication to various network layer protocols to support operation
what is point to point protocol for broadband communications? (PPP)
a set of instructions used to transmit data between two directly connected devices
PPP: what is it?
a bite oriented protocol broadly used for high traffic data transmissions. functions at the data link layer, which transmits data between two devices on the same network. designed to link devices so the endpoints do not need to bethe same vendor to work.
configuring PPP options
multi link, compression, authentication, error detection
compression
increases throughput by reducing the amount of data in the frame
authentication
occurs and connected devices exchange authentication messages using one of two methods:
method one of authentication
password authentication protocol
method to of authentication
challenge handshake authentication protocol
password authentication protocol (PAP)
a password authentication option that is hard to obtain plaintext from if passwords are compromised
challenge handshake authentication protocol CHAP
a three way handshake authentication that periodically confirms the identity of the clients
error detection (PPP)
includes frame check sequence and looped link detection
frame check sequence FCS
a number included in the frame calculated over the address, control, protocol, information, and padding fields used to determine if there has been data loss during transmission
loop link detection PPP
the tax loop links using magic numbers. a magic number is generated randomly at each end of the connection, so when elite message is received the device checked the magic number against its own. If a line is lived the number will match the senders magic number and the frame is discarded
sub protocols for PPP
to occur on the network layer when the network decides what physical path the information will take. these protocols use the configuration options you set for the endpoints.
network control protocol NCP, link control protocol
network control protocol: used to negotiate optional configuration parameters and facilities for the network layer. there’s a network control protocol for each higher larry protocol used by the PPP
used to negotiate optional configuration parameters and facilities for the network layer. there’s a network control protocol for each higher layer protocol used by the PPP
link control protocol LCP
initiates and terminates connections automatically for hosts. it automatically configures the interfaces at each end like magic numbers in selecting for optional authentication.
Frame in PPP definition, not parts.
a frame is a collection of data sent to a receiving point, and is how data is sent.
PPP Frame format, parts.
flag, address, control, protocol, data, FCS, flag.
flag 1 in PPP frame
a single bite and lets the receiver know this is the beginning of the frame. depending on the encapsulation there may or may not be a start or end flag.
address PPP format
a single bite, contains the broadcast address
control PPP formatting
a single bite required for various purposes, but also allows a connection the state a link
Protocol PPP frame format
varies from one to three bytes which identify the network protocol of the data gram
Data PPP Formatting
were the information you need to transmit stored and has a limit of one thousand five hundred bytes per frame
frame check sequence FCS
2 or 4 bytes. Used to verify data is in tacked upon receipt at the endpoint.
what happens with the data is package in a frame
it undergoes encapsulation
encapsulation definition
the process by which he’s layer takes data from the previous layer and adds headers and trailers for the next layer to interpret
de encapsulation
what happens when the frames are sent to the other and point and the processes reversed
why can this PPP get expensive and hard to manage?
direct cables and links required. you may want to switch to a multi access ethernet solution. PPPoE
PPPoE: point to point protocol over ethernet
a protocol made to bridge the gap between directly connected endpoints and other devices. a solution for tunneling packets over the DSL connection service providers IP network, and from note to the rest of the internet.
PPPoE provides:
authentication, encryption, compression. primarily uses password authentication protocol for authentication.
common usecase of PPPoE
using DSL services Where a PPPoE modem-router connects to the DSL service, or when a PPPoE DSL modem is connected to a PPPoE only router using an Ethernet cable
PPP is strictly
point to point, so frames can only go to the intended destination.
PPPoE requires a new step because
ethernet connections are multi access enabled.
multi-access enabled:
every note connects to another
Discovery stage
he establishes session idea to identify the hardware address. it ensures data gets routed to the correct place.
PPPoE is an _____ of PPP inside the ethernet frame
encapsulation.
PPPoE retains:
the same architecture, configuration options color and frame data as PPP but with one extra layer of ethernet encapsulation
B broadband internet requires
protocols to make sure different de vices can connect with each other
PPP key takeaway
encapsulates data so any PPP configured devices can communicate without issues
PPPoE key takeaway
an extra layer of encapsulation for standard PPP frames, to enable data to be sent over ethernet connections.
