The final day of Networking Course

Question 1

Fields in an IPv6 header: 4 bit field that defines what version of IP is in use,

Answer 1

version:

Question 2

Fields in an IPv6 header: 8 bit field that defines the type of traffic contained in the IP datagram and allows for different classes of traffic to receive different priorities

Answer 2

traffic class field

Question 3

Fields in an IPv6 header: 20 bit, used in conjunction with the traffic class field for routers to make decisions about the quality of service level for a specific datagram.

Answer 3

flow label

Question 4

Fields in an IPv6 header: a 16 bit field that defines how long the data payload section of the datagram is.

Answer 4

Payload length

Question 5

Fields in an IPv6 header: A unique concept to IPv6, and needs a little extra explaining.

Answer 5

Next Header

Question 6

how much larger than IPv4 addresses are IPv6 addresses?

Answer 6

4 times larger

Question 7

how do we reduce problems with additional data IPv6 addresses impose on the network?

Answer 7

the header was built to be as short as possible.

Question 8

How do we make IPv6 headers shorter? One way.

Answer 8

take all the optional fields, abstract them from the header itself. The next header field defines what kind of header is immediately after this current one.

Question 9

What kind of header is optional?

Answer 9

additional “next header”

Question 10

what do optional headers include?

Answer 10

next header field, allow for a chain of headers to form if there’s a lot of optional config.

Question 11

Fields in an IPv6 header: 8 bit field that is identical in purpose to the TTL field and IPv4 header.

Answer 11

hop limit field

Question 12

Fields in an IPv6 header: each of these are 128 bits. If the next header field specified another header, it would follow at this time. If not, a data payload, the same length as specified in payload length field, would follow.

Answer 12

source and destination address fields

Question 13

what does any IPv6 address that begins with 80 zeroes and is followed by 16 1’s is understood to be part of

Answer 13

the IPv4 mapped address space.

Question 14

what are the remaining 32 bits of an IPv6 address supposed to represent? Giving way for IPv4 traffic to travel over IPv6 networks.

Answer 14

the same 32 bits of the IPv4 address it is meant to represent.

Question 15

What is easier: individual organization moving to IPv6 or the core internet networks moving to IPv6?

Answer 15

Individual organizations.

Question 16

What consist of IPv6 * servers on either end of a connection that take incoming IPv6 traffic and encapsulate it within traditional IPv4 datagrams, which are then delivered across the IPv4 Internet space and received by another IPv6 * server? Which then performs the D encapsulation and passes the IPv6 traffic along the network?

Answer 16

IPv6 tunnels

Question 17

Companies that provide IPv6 tunneling endpoints for you so you don’t have to introduce additional equipment to your network

Answer 17

IPv6 tunnel broker

Question 18

what is the future of networking?

Answer 18

IPv6 adoption, and no more need for tunnels.

Question 19

where do nodes connect through IP and IP addresses? what layer?

Answer 19

Network layer of the TCP/IP Five-Layer Network Model

Question 20

What is the most common version of IP?

Answer 20

IPv4

Question 21

how many bits in IPv4 address?

Answer 21

32

Question 22

How many individual IPv4 addresses can there be?

Answer 22

4.2 billion

Question 23

What was developed to provide addresses for all our internet connected devices?

Answer 23

IPv6, the modern standard we need to shift to.

Question 24

What is the concept of IPv6 and IPv4 harmony about?

Answer 24

Being able to have both types of protocols on the internet so we can use them together.

Question 25

How many bits in IPv6 addresses?

Answer 25

128

Question 26

What has to be translated into something IPv4 can understand?

Answer 26

IPv6.

Question 27

what IPv6 protocols are used to let IPv6 traffic to travel over the remaining IPv4 network?

Answer 27

tunnels

Question 28

What are Created using IPV six servers on either end of a network connection?

Answer 28

tunnels

Question 29

what takes incoming IPV six traffic and encapsulates it within a traditional IPV four data gram?

Answer 29

A tunnel server

Question 30

what’s the process of transporting a data packet inside the payload of another packet called

Answer 30

encapsulation

Question 31

What can be delivered across an IPV for network and received by another IPV six tunnel server, which is then de encapsulated and passed further along the IPV six network

Answer 31

encapsulated IPV six data in a tunnel

Question 32

what are the three types of IPV six tunnels?

Answer 32

6in4/ manual protocol
tunnel setup protocol (TSP)
Anything in Anything (AYIYA)

Question 33

What IPv6 protocol encapsulates packets immediately inside an IPV for packet, without using additional headers to configure the setup of the tunnel and points. set up is configured manually instead. This makes performance predictable and easy to debug. unfortunately this protocol often will not function if the host uses network address translation (NAT) technology to map its IPv4 address. this protocol is difficult to deploy as a result

Answer 33

6in4/manual protocol

Question 34

specifies rules for negotiating the setup parameters between tunnel and points. this allows for a variety of tunnel encapsulation methods and wider deployment than is possible with manual protocol.

Answer 34

tunnel setup protocol (TSP)

Question 35

defines a method for encapsulating any protocol and any other protocol. developed for tunnel brokers. specifies the encapsulation, identification, check some palmer security, and management operations that can be used while the tunnel is established. a key advantage is that it can provide a stable tunnel through an IPv4 NAT. it allows users behind a NAT or a dynamic address to maintain connectivity even when roaming between networks

Answer 35

anything in anything (AYIYA)