The Nervous System-Neurology and Psychiatry Flashcards
1
Q
Cerebr/o
A
Brain
2
Q
Encephal/o
A
Brain
En=inside cephalus=head and literally means “the stuff inside your head”
3
Q
Cerebell/o
A
Cerebellum
4
Q
What are the four lobes of the brain?
A
Frontal, Temporal, Parietel, and Occipital.
5
Q
Lob/o
A
Lobe
6
Q
Cephal/o
A
Head
7
Q
Crani/o
A
Head, Skull
8
Q
What do the meninges consist of?
A
Dura Mater, Arachnoid Mater, Pia Mater
9
Q
What does the brain consist of?
A
Gray matter and white matter
10
Q
Mening/o
A
Meninges (membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord)
11
Q
Meningi/o
A
Meninges (membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord)
12
Q
Dur/o
A
Dura (tough outer membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord)
13
Q
Neur/o
A
Nerve
14
Q
Gangli/o
A
Nerve Bundle
15
Q
Myel/o
A
Spinal Cord, Bone Marrow
16
Q
What does neurology focus on?
A
Actions
17
Q
What is the psyche?
A
Mind or soul
18
Q
Esthesi/o
A
Feeling, Sensation
19
Q
Phas/o
A
Speech
20
Q
Phren/o
A
Mind
21
Q
Pysch/o
A
Mind
22
Q
Somn/o
A
Sleep
23
Q
Somn/i
A
Sleep
24
Q
Hypn/o
A
Sleep
25
Gnosi/o
Know
26
-mania
Excessive Desire
27
-phobia
Excessive Fear or Sensitivity
28
-paresis
Slight or Partial Paralysis
29
Ton/o
Muscle Tone, Tension, Pressure
30
Tax/o
Arrangement, Order, Coordination
31
-plegia
Paralysis
32
-asthenia
Weakness
33
Aphasia
Inability to Speak
34
Ataxia
Lack of Coordination
35
Catatonia
Condition characterized by reduced muscle tone.
36
Delirium
Brief loss of mental function.
37
Dementia
Loss/Decline in mental function.
38
Dykinesia
Difficulty Moving
39
Dyslexia
Difficulty Reading
40
Dysphasia
Difficulty Speaking
41
Dystonia
Condition characterized by involuntary muscle movements
42
Insomnia
Inability to Sleep
43
Myoclonus
Muscle Twitching
44
Myospasm
Involuntary Muscle Contraction
45
Neurasthenia
Nerve Weakness
46
Somnambulism
Sleep Walking
47
-ambul
walk
48
Syncope
Fainting; losing consciousness due to temporary loss of blood flow to brain.
49
Cephalalgia
Head Pain
50
Cephalogynia
Head Pain
51
Encephalagia
Brain Pain
52
Neuralgia
Nerve Pain
53
Neurodynia
Nerve Pain
54
Hemiparesis
Partial Paralysis of Half the Body
55
Hemiplegia
Paralysis on Half the Body
56
Monoparesis
Partial Paralysis of One Limb
57
Monoplegia
Paralysis of One Limb
58
Paralysis
Complete Loss of Sensation and Motor Function
59
Paresis
Partial Paralysis characterized by varying degrees of sensation and motor function.
60
Causalgia
Painful Sensation of Burning
61
Dysesthesia
Bad Feeling
62
Hyperesthesia
Increased Sensation
63
Paresthesia
Abnormal Sensation (usually numbness or tingling in the skin)
64
Pseudesthesia
False Sensation
65
Synesthesia
Condition where one sensation is experienced as another
66
Acrophobia
Fear of Heights
| think acrobats
67
Agoraphobia
Fear of Outdoor Spaces
68
Hydrophobia
Fear of Water
69
Kleptomania
Desire to Steal
70
Photophobia
Excessive Sensitivity to Light
71
Photo
Light
72
Pyromania
Desire to Set Fire
73
Echoencephalography
Procedure used to examine the brain using sound waves
74
Electroencephalography
Procedure used to examine the electrical activity of the brain
75
Lumbar Puncture (LP)
Inserting a needle into the lumbar region of the spine in order to collect spinal fluid; commonly called a spinal tap
76
Cerebral Angiography
Procedure used to examine blood vessels in the brain
77
Magnetic Resonance Angiography
Procedure used to examine blood vessels
78
Myelogram
Image of the spinal cord, usually done using x-ray
79
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan
An imaging procedure that uses radiation (positrons) to produce cross sections of the brain
80
Transcranial Doppler Sonography
An imaging technique that produces an image of the brain using sound waves sent through the skull.
81
Cerebellitis
Inflammation of the Cerebellum
82
Cerebral Atrophy
Wasting away of brain tissue
83
Duritis
Inflammation of the Dura
84
Encephalocele
Hernia of the brain (normally through a defect in the skull)
85
Hematoma
A tumorlike mass made up of blood
86
Cranial Hematoma
A hematoma beneath the skull
87
Epidural Hematoma
A Hematoma located on top of the dura
88
Intracerebral Hematoma
A Hematoma located inside the brain
89
Subdural Hematoma
A Hematoma located beneath the dura
90
Macrocephaly
Abnormally Large Head
91
Microcephaly
Abnormally Small Head
92
Meningocele
A Hernia of the Meninges
93
Myelocele
A Hernia of the Spinal Cord
94
Myelomacia
Abnormal Softening of the Spinal Cord
95
Myelomeningocele
A Hernia of the Spinal Cord and Meninges
96
Neuritis
Nerve Inflammation
97
Neuroma
A Nerve Tumor
98
Neurosclerosis
Hardening of Nerves
99
Polyneuritis
Inflammation of Multiple Nerves
100
Agnosia
Inability to Comprehend
101
Apathy
Lack of Emotion
102
Hyperkinesia
Increase in Muscle Movement or Activity
103
Neurasthenia
Nerve Weakness
104
Neuroglycopenia
Deficiency of sugar that interferes with normal brain activity
105
Nystagmus
Involuntary back and forth eye movements
106
Prosopagnosia
Inability to recognize faces
107
Anesthesiologist
A doctor who specializes in anesthesiology
108
Afferent Nerve
A nerve that carries impulses toward the central nervous system
109
Efferent Nerve
A nerve that carries impulses away from the central nervous system
110
Neurogenic
Originating from/created by nerves
111
Psychiatrist
A doctor who specializes in the treatment of the mind
112
Psychiatry
A branch of medicine that focuses on the treatment of the mind
113
Psychogenic
Originating in/created by the mind
114
Psychologist
A doctor who specializes in the study of the mind
115
Psychology
Branch of medicine that focuses on the study of the mind
116
Psychosomatic
Pertaining to the relationship between the body and the mind
117
Idiopathic
Having no known cause of origin
118
Interictal
Time between seizures
119
Postictal
Time after a seizure
120
Preictal
Time before a seizure
121
Tonic
Pertaining to muscle tone (normally weak or unresponsive)
122
Clonus
Muscle Spasm or twitching
123
Tonic-clonic seizure
A seizure characterized by both a tonic and a clonic phase
124
Stroke
Loss of brain function caused by interruption of blood flow/supply to the brain
125
Hemorrhagic Stroke
A stroke where the blood loss is caused by the rupture of a blood vessel
126
Ischemic Stroke
A stroke where the blood loss is caused by a blockage
127
Isch
hold back
128
Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
A "mini-stroke" caused by the blockage of a blood vessel, which resolves (goes away) within 24 hours
129
Cerebrovascular Disease
A disease of the blood vessels of the brain
130
Cerebral Aneurysm
The widening or abnormal dilation of a blood vessel in the brain
131
Cerebral Arteriosclerosis
The hardening of an artery in the brain
132
Cerebral Atheroslerosis
The hardening of an artery in the brain caused by buildup of fatty plaque
133
Cerebral Embolism
The blockage of a blood vessel in the barin caused by a foreign object (embolus) such as fat or bacteria
134
Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)
An accident involving the blood vessels of the brain
135
Craniosynostosis
Premature closure of the bones
136
Intracranial Hypertension
Pressure in the brain
137
Meningitis
Infections of the tissue surrounding the brain and spinal cord
138
Cerebral Thrombosis
The blockage of a blood vessel in the brain caused by a blood clot
139
Craniomalacia
Abnormal softening of the skull
140
Craniosclerosis
Abnormal hardening of the skull
141
Craniostenosis
Abnormal narrowing of the skull
142
Hydrocephaly
Abnormal accumulation of spinal fluid in the brain
143
Asterocytoma
A tumor of arising from astrocyte glial cells
144
Ganglioma
Ganglion Tumor
145
Glioblastoma
A brain tumor arising from glioblast cells
146
Meningioma
A tumor of the meninges
147
Cerebellitis
Inflammation of the cerebellum
148
Cerebromeningitis
Inflammation of the brain and meninges
149
Encephalitis
Inflammation of the brain
150
Encephalomyelitis
Inflammation of the brain and spinal cord
151
Encephalomyeloneuropathy
Disease of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves
152
Encephalopathy
Disease of the brain
153
Encephalopyosis
A pus-filled abscess of the brain
154
Gangliitis
Inflammation of the Ganglion
155
Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Excessive Bleeding inside the brain
156
Meningopathy
Disease of the meninges
157
Meningoencephalitis
Inflammation of the meninges and brain
158
Myelitis
Inflammation of the spinal cord
159
Myelodysplasia
Defective formation of the spinal cord
160
Myelopathy
Disease of the spinal cord
161
Neuroarthropathy
Disease of the joint associated with nerves
162
Neuroencephalomyelopathy
Disease of the nerves, brain, and spinal cord.
163
Neuropathy
Disease of the nervous system
164
Poliomyelitis
Inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord
165
Polyneuropathy
Disease affecting multiple nerves
166
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
A degenerative disease of the central nervous system causing loss of muscle control. Literally, the hardening of the nerve cells on the sides (lateral) of spine leading to the loss of muscle tissue from disease.
167
Anorexia
An eating disorder characterized by a patient's refusal to eat
168
Autism
A psychiatric disorder characterized by withdrawal from communication with others; the patient is focused only on the self.
169
Bulimia
An eating disorder characterized by overeating and usually followed by forced vomiting
170
Cerebral Palsy
Paralysis caused by damage to the area of the brain responsible for movement.
171
Dysphoria
A negative emotional state
172
Epilepsy
A disease marked by seizures
173
Euphoria
A positive emotional state
174
Hypomania
A mental state just below mania
175
Manic Depression (Bipolar)
A psychiatric disorder characterized by alternating bouts of excitement and depression
176
Myasthenia
Muscle Weakness
177
Narcolepsy
A disease characterized by sudden, uncontrolled sleepiness
178
Neurosis
A nerve condition
179
Psychosis
A mind condition
180
Psychopathy
A mental illness
181
Schizophrenia
A mental illness characterized by delusions, hallucinations, and disordered speech.
182
Anesthetic
A drug that causes loss of sensation
183
General Anesthetic
Anesthetic that causes complete loss of consciousness
184
Local Anesthetic
Anesthetic that does not affect consciousness
185
Regional Anesthetic
Anesthetic that is injected into a nerve causing loss of sensation over a particular area
186
Topical Anesthetic
Local anesthesia applied to the surface of the area to be anesthetized.
187
Epidural Anesthetic
Anesthetic applied in the dural region of the spinal cord
188
Analgesic
A drug that relieves pain
189
Anticonvulsant
A drug that opposes convulsions
190
Antidepressant
A drug that opposes depression
191
Antipsychotic
A drug that opposes psychoses
192
Anxiolytic
A drug that lessens anxiety
193
Hypnotic
A drug that aids sleep
194
Neuropharmacology
The study of the effects of drugs on the nervous system
195
Psychopharmacology
The study of the effects of drugs on mental processes
196
Psychotropic
Drugs that are able to turn the mind
197
Thrombolytic
A drug that dissolves clots
198
Cerebrotomy
Incision into the brain
199
Chemotherapy
Treatment using chemicals
200
Craniectomy
Removal of a piece of the skull
201
Craniotomy
Incision into the skull
202
Endartectomy
Removal of the inside of an artery
203
Endovascular Neurosurgery
Surgery on the nervous system performed by entering the body through blood vessels
204
Lobectomy
Removal of a lobe
205
Lobotomy
Incision into a lobe
206
Neurectomy
Removal of a nerve
207
Neurolysis
Destruction of nerve tissue
208
Neuroplasty
Reconstruction of a nerve
209
Neurorrhaphy
Suturing of a nerve (often the severed ends of a nerve)
210
Neurotomy
Incision into a nerve
211
ADHD
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
212
ALS
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's Disease)
213
CNS
Central Nervous System
214
CP
Cerebral Palsy
215
CSF
Cerebrospinal Fluid
216
CVA
Cerebrovascular Accident
217
EEG
Electroencephalogram
218
EMG
Electromyogram
219
ICP
Intracranial Pressure
220
LOC
Level of Consciousness
221
LP
Lumbar Puncture
222
MRA
Magnetic Resonance Angiography
223
MS
Multiple Sclerosis
224
OCD
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
225
PET
Positron Emission Tomography
226
PNS
Peripheral Nervous System
227
TIA
Transient Ischemic Attack
