Musculoskeletal System Flashcards
1
Q
-physis
A
growth
2
Q
oste/o
A
bone
3
Q
crani/o
A
head, skull
4
Q
cervic/o
A
neck
5
Q
spondyl/o
A
vertebra
6
Q
lumb/o
A
loin, lower back
7
Q
brachi/o
A
arm
think brace, or embrace which literally means “to put someone in your arms”
8
Q
dactyl/o
A
finger
(the flying dinosaur pterodactyl gets its name from ptero which means winged and dactyl which means fingers, which obviously means winged fingers)
9
Q
carp/o
A
wrist
10
Q
cost/o
A
rib
think coast, the coasts are like the country’s ribs or sides
11
Q
femor/o
A
femur (thighbone)
12
Q
tibi/o
A
tibia (shinbone)
13
Q
tars/o
A
ankle
14
Q
chondr/o
A
cartilage
15
Q
arthr/o
A
joint
16
Q
burs/o
A
bursa
a bursa is a fluid-filled sac found near the body’s joints
17
Q
fascia
A
a thick membrane that helps keep the muscle together
18
Q
ten/o
A
tendon (connective tissue connecting muscle to bone)
19
Q
tend/o
A
tendon
20
Q
tendin/o
A
tendon
21
Q
muscul/o
A
muscle
22
Q
my/o
A
muscle
23
Q
myos/o
A
muscle
24
Q
Deep
A
Left side muscles
25
Superficial
Right side muscles
26
Flexion
When a joint bends
27
Extension
When a joint straightens
28
Abduction
Widening of a joint to move parts away from the body
29
Adduction
Narrowing of a joint to move parts towards the body
30
Tendons
Hold muscle to bone
31
Ligaments
Hold bone to bone
32
Cartilage
Surrounds bones at the joints and allows smooth movement among them
33
Bursae
Keep muscles and bones moving smoothly
34
Fasci/o
Fascia (fibrous connective tissue binding muscles together)
35
Kinesi/o
Movement, Motion
36
Paresis
Partial Paralysis
37
Plegia
Complete Paralysis
38
Ton/o
Tone, Tension
39
Kinet/o
Movement, Motion
40
Tax/o
Arrangement, order, coordination
| think taxidermy, arranging a dead animal
41
Ankyl/o
Stiff, Bent
42
Costalgia
Rib Pain
43
Metatarsalgia
Pain in the bones of the foot
44
Ostalgia (Can also be spelled Ostealgia)
Bone Pain
45
Osteodynia
Bone Pain
46
Spondylodynia
Vertebra Pain
47
Tibialgia
Tibia (shin) pain
48
Ankylosis
Joint Stiffness
49
Arthralgia
Joint Pain
50
Arthrodynia
Joint Pain
51
Cervicodynia
Neck Pain
52
Crepitation
Crackling sound heard in joints
53
Genu Valgum
Knock-kneed
54
Genu Varum
Bowlegged
55
Bradykinesia
Slow movement
56
Dyskinesia
Inability to control movement
57
Dystaxia
Poor Coordination
58
Dystonia
Poor Muscle Tone
59
Graphospasm
Writer's Cramp
60
Hyperkinesia
Increase in muscle movement or activity
61
Hypertonia
Increased muscle tone or tightness
62
Hypokinesia
Decrease in muscle movement or activity
63
Hypotonia
Decrease in muscle tone or tightness
64
Myalgia
Muscle Pain
65
Myasthenia
Muscle Weakness
66
Myodynia
Muscle Pain
67
Myospasm
Muscle Spasm
68
Tenalgia
Tendon Pain
69
Arthrocentesis
Puncture of a joint
70
Arthroscope
Instrument for looking into a joint
71
Arthroscopy
Procedure of looking into a joint
72
Electromyogram
A record of the electrical activity of a muscle
73
Electromyography
Procedure for measuring the electrical activity of a muscle
74
Myography
Procedure for studying muscles
75
Arthrogram
Visual record of a joint
76
Arthrograpy
Procedure used to examine a joint
77
Computed Axial Tomography (CAT or CT)
Imaging procedure using a computer to produce cross sections along an axis
78
Kyphosis
Humped back; abnormal forward curvature of the upper spine
79
Kyph/o
Bent
80
Lordosis
Sway back; abnormal forwards curvature of the lower spine
81
Lord/o
Bent backward
82
Scoliosis
Crooked back; abnormal lateral curvature of the lower spine
83
Scoli/o
Crooked
84
Carpitis
Wrist inflammation
85
Craniomalacia
Softening of the skull
86
Exostosis
An abnormal growth of bone out of another bone
87
Fracture
A bone break
88
Osteodystrophy
Poor Bone Development
89
Osteolysis
Bone Loss
90
Osteonecrosis
Death of Bone
91
Osteosclerosis
Abnormal Hardening of Bone
92
Polydactyl
Having more than the normal number of fingers (or toes)
93
Spondylitis
Vertebra Inflammation
94
Spondylomalacia
Softening of the Vertebra
95
Syndactyly
Fusion (sometimes called webbing) of fingers (or toes)
96
Tarsoptosis
Flat Feet
97
Bursolith
A stone in a bursa
98
-lith
Stone
99
Effusion
Fluid Buildup
100
Hemarthrosis
Blood in a joint
101
Hydrarthrosis
Water (fluid) in a joint
102
Pyarthrosis
Pus in a joint
103
Atrophy
Underdevelopment, decrease, or loss of muscle tissue
104
Hypertrophy
Overdevelopment of muscle tissue
105
Myocele
Hernia of muscle tissue
106
Myolysis
Loss of muscle tissue
107
Myomalacia
Softening of a muscle
108
Myosclerosis
Hardening of a muscle
109
Myotasis
Stretching of a muscle
110
-tasis
expansion
111
Myotonia
Muscle tone
112
Craniosynostosis
The premature fusing of the skull bones
113
Dactylitis
Finger Inflammation
114
Hypertrophic Spondylitis
Overdevelopment of the vertebrae causing inflammation
115
Osteitis
Bone Inflammation
116
Osteochondritis
Inflammation of bone and cartilage
117
Osteogenesis Imperfecta
A disease in which the bones do not develop correctly, also known as brittle bone disease.
118
Osteomalacia
Softening of the bone
119
Osteomyelitis
Inflammation of the bone and bone marrow
120
Osteopathy
Bone Disease
121
Osteopenia
Reduction in bone volume
122
Osteoporosis
Loss of bone density
123
Spinal Stenosis
Abnormal Narrowing of the Spine
124
Spondyloarthropathy
Joint disease of the vertebrae
125
Spondylolisthesis
The slipping or dislocation of a vertebra
126
Spondylolysis
Loss of vertebra structure
127
Spondylosis
Vertebra Condition
128
Arthritis
Joint Inflammation
129
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Inflammation of the joints; it is called rheumatoid because it's symptoms resemble those of rheumatic fever.
130
Septic Arthritis
Inflammation of a joint caused by infection
131
Osteoarthritis
Inflammation of the joints, specifically those that bear weight
132
Arthrocele
Hernia of a Joint
133
Arthrodysplasia
Abnormal Joint Development
134
Arthropathy
Joint Disease
135
Arthrosclerosis
Hardening of the joints
136
Bursitis
Inflammation of the bursa
137
Bursopathy
Disease of the bursa
138
Osteocarcinoma
Bone Cancer Tumor
139
Osteochondroma
A tumor made up of bone and cartilage, also known as exostosis made up of cartilage
140
Osteosarcoma
Cancerous tumor arising out of bone cells
141
NSAIDs
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs
| for example: ibuprofen
142
Analgesic
A drug that relieves pain
143
Antiathrtitic
A drug that opposes joint inflammation
144
Anti-Inflammatory
A drug that opposes inflammation
145
Antipyretic
A drug that opposes fever
146
Carpectomy
A removal of all or part of the wrist
147
Costectomy
Removal of a rib
148
Craniectomy
Removal of a portion of the skull
149
Craniotomy
Removal of a portion of the skull
150
External Fixation
The fixation of a fractured bone from the outside (i.e. using casts, splints, stabilizers)
151
Internal Fixation
The fixation of a fractured bone from the inside (i.e. using screws, pins, plates)
152
Closed Reduction
Returning bones to their proper position without the use of surgery.
153
Open Reduction
Returning bones to their proper position through the use of surgery.
154
Metacarpectomy
Removal of a bone in the hand
155
Orthotics
A device that aids in the straightening or stabilizing of a part of the body.
156
Ostectomy
Removal of a bone
157
Osteectomy
Removal of a bone
158
Osteoclasia
The surgical breaking of a bone (often done to remedy a deformity)
159
Osteoplasty
Reconstruction of a bone
160
Osteotomy
Incision into a bone
161
Prothesis
A device that is added to a body to replace a missing part or lost function
162
Spondylosyndesis
Fusing together of multiple vertebrae
163
Sternotomy
Incision into the sternum
164
Tarsectomy
Removal of all or a portion of the ankle
165
Tarsoclasia
Surgical fracture of the ankle (i.e. to treat clubfoot)
166
Arthrectomy
Removal of a joint
167
Arthroclasia
The therapeutic breaking of a joint to allow for increased mobility
168
Arthrodesis
Surgical Fixation of a joint
169
Arthrolysis
Loosening a stiff joint
170
Arthroplasty
Reconstruction of a joint
171
Arthrotomy
Incision into a joint
172
Bursectomy
Removal of a bursa
173
Bursotomy
Incision into a bursa
174
Chondrectomy
Removal of cartilage
175
Chondroplasty
Reconstruction of cartilage
176
Fasciectomy
Removal of fascia
177
Fascioplasty
Reconstruction of fascia
178
Fasciorrhaphy
Suturing of Fascia
179
Fasciotomy
Incision into fascia
180
Myectomy
Removal of muscle
181
Myodesis
Binding of a muscle
182
Myomectomy
Removal of a muscle tumor
183
Myoplasty
Muscle reconstruction
184
Myorrhaphy
Muscle Suture
185
Myotomy
Incision into Muscle
186
Tendectomy
Removal of a tendon
187
Tendoplasty
Reconstruction of a tendon
188
Tenodesis
Binding of a tendon
189
Tenolysis
Freeing/loosening a tendon
190
Tenonectomy
Removal of a tendon
191
Tenoplasty
Reconstruction of a tendon
192
Tenorrhaphy
Suture of a Tendon
193
Tenotomy
Incision into a tendon
