the nervous system Flashcards

1
Q

what are the three types of neurons

A
  1. sensory neurons
  2. motor neurons
  3. inter neurons
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2
Q

what is the function of the sensory neuron

A

transmits impulse from sensory organs to the CNS

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3
Q

what is the function of motor neurons

A

sends impulses from the CNS to specific muscles/ organs

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4
Q

what is the function of interneurons

A

transmit impulses between sensory and motor neurons within brain or spinal cord

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5
Q

the CNS is surrounded by a shock absorbing fluid called _______ ______ (CSF)

A

cerebrospinal fluid

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6
Q

what is the advantage of keeping the circulating blood separate from the brain and spinal cord tissues

A

it gives the brain and spinal cord some protection from changes to blood composition, toxins and pathogens

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7
Q

step one in responding to a stimulus

A

receptors detect a stimulus

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8
Q

step two in responding to a stimulus

A

the impulse is sent along the sensory neuron to the spinal cord

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9
Q

step three in responding to a stimulus

A

the CNS integrates the information and, if necessary sends it to the brain for processing

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10
Q

step 4 in responding to a stimulus

A

impulse is sent from the CNS along the motor neurons to the effector

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11
Q

step 5 in responding to a stimulus

A

the effector generates the response

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12
Q

the sympathetic nervous system-

A

prepares the body for flight flight fright and sex

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13
Q

the parasympathetic nervous system-

A

prepares the body for rest and calms it down

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14
Q

parts of the body that detect stimuli and change as a result of the stimuli

A

receptors

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15
Q

the type of receptor that detects the presence of chemicals

A

chemoreceptors

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16
Q

the type of receptor that detects changes in temperature

A

thermoreceptors

17
Q

the type of receptor that detects mechanical changes in the environment

A

mechanoreceptors

18
Q

the type of receptor that detects the presence of light

A

photoreceptors

19
Q

the fold of skin that covers the eye to clean and protect it

20
Q

the transparent covering on the eye that protects it and help to converge light rays that enter the eye

21
Q

the white part of the eye that is made of collagen that provides protections dan support

22
Q

the layer of light sensitive cells at the back of the eye that detect rays that are focused by the cornea and lens

23
Q

the layer of blood vessels with a black pigment that nourishes the eye and absorbes light

24
Q

the ring of muscles that is coloured. it controls the amount of light entering the eye

25
the hole in the middle of the iris that allows light to enter the eye
pupil
26
the hole in the middle of the iris that allows light to enter the eye
pupil
27
the structure in the eye that is transparent and can change shape that focuses light onto retina and focus objects
lens
28
the structure in the eye that is attached to the underside of the lens and produces aqueous humour and helps focus by altering shape of lens
ciliary body
29
the structure in the eye that is located behind the lens that give the eyeball its shape
vitereous
30
the structure in the eye that is found behind the cornea and provides nutrients to the cornea and lens
aqueous humour
31
the structure in the eye that is found in the lateral side of the eye and helps orientate the pupil away from the centre of the body
lateral rectus muscles
32
the structure in the eye that is found on the medial side of the eye which orientates the pupil towards the centre of the body
medial rectus muscle
33
the spot located in the macula which has a high density of cone cells. gives sharp central vision and is where light is focused into
fovea
34
the blind spot where there are no photoreceptors where the optic nerve leaves the eye
optic disk
35
the bundle of fibres that relay information from the retina and fovea to the brain
optic nerve
36
the photoreceptor of the retina that is sensitive to light and can function in dim light/darkness
rods
37
the photoreceptor of the retina that work best in higher light intensity and allow some species to see in colour
cones