joints and the integumentary system

Question 1

the type of bone tissue that consists of bone cells (osteocytes) in rings of densely packed matrix

Answer 1

compact bone

Question 2

the type of bone tissue that is lighter and less dense and consists of plates and bars of bones adjacent to small irregular cavity’s that contain red bond marrow

Answer 2

spongy bone

Question 3

what are fibrous joints

Answer 3

joints that are fixed by fibrous connective tissue that allows no movement.

Question 4

what are cartilaginous joints

Answer 4

joints that are held together by cartilage and only allow slight movement. cartilage is a good shock absorber

Question 5

what are synovial joints

Answer 5

joints that are freely moveable and occur where two bones meet

Question 6

the component of a synovial joint that surrounds the bone and joins bone to bone and stabilises the joint

Answer 6

ligament

Question 7

the component of a synovial joint that reduces friction and acts as a shock absorber

Answer 7

hyaline cartilage

Question 8

the component of a synovial joint that is an envelope around the synovial joint

Answer 8

fibrous joint capsule

Question 9

the component of the synovial joint that produces synovial fluid

Answer 9

synovial membrane

Question 10

the component of a synovial joint that lubricates the joint

Answer 10

synovial fluid

Question 11

movement that decreases the angle between two body parts

Answer 11

flexion

Question 12

movement that increases the angle between two body parts

Answer 12

extension

Question 13

a movement away from the midline

Answer 13

abduction

Question 14

a movement towards the midline

Answer 14

adduction

Question 15

the component of the skin that is the waterproof outer layer which keeps pathogens out of the body

Answer 15

epidermis

Question 16

the component of the skin that is the middle layer which contains hair follicles, nerves, blood vessels and glands to help regulate body temperature

Answer 16

dermis

Question 17

the component of the skin that is made of connective tissue and has a higher amount of fat which provides insulation and shape

Answer 17

hypodermis (subcutaneous)

Question 18

the structure in skin that resists friction that can cause trauma. it provides a physical barrier against microbes and UV light

Answer 18

squamous epithelium

Question 19

the structure in skin that supply’s an organ with a constant flow of blood through auto regulation

Answer 19

capillary bed

Question 20

the structure in skin that provides immediate sensory feedback from the environment to the sensory cerebral cortex

Answer 20

sensory nerve endings

Question 21

the structure in the skin that regulates body temperature, lubricators the skin, slows bacterial growth, helps the body to cool down

Answer 21

sweat glands

Question 22

the structure in skin that provides insulation from heat and cold, helps protect the body and organs, fat storage for energy

Answer 22

adipose tissue

Question 23

the structure in the skin that pulls hairs up or down depending if you feel cold or warm

Answer 23

erector muscle

Question 24

the structure in skin that produces sweat, removes dead cells, lowers body temperature

Answer 24

sweat pore

Question 25

the structure in skin that produces hair and forms nerve endings

Answer 25

hair follicle

Question 26

the structure in the skin that protects skin from external factors and regulates body temperature

Answer 26

hair/ fur

Question 27

the exocrine gland that secretes sweat

Answer 27

sudoriferous

Question 28

the exocrine gland that secretes sebum which keeps that hair and skin lubricated

Answer 28

sebaceous

Question 29

the exocrine gland that is a specialised sudoriferous gland which secretes ear wax

Answer 29

ceruminous

Question 30

what is a downy hair

Answer 30

dense, fine, soft hairs which lie close to the skin making the undercoat

Question 31

what is a guard hair

Answer 31

coarser, thicker, longer hairs that make up the top coat.

Question 32

7 functions of feathers

Answer 32

flight, protection, warmth, stealth, display, avoiding predation and walking

Question 33

what are contour feathers

Answer 33

give the bird its shape and colour: they can also help insulate

Question 34

what are down feathers

Answer 34

small, soft and fluffy, these trap air in an insulating layer

Question 35

what are semiplume feathers

Answer 35

found underneath contour feathers, used for insulation

Question 36

what are flight feathers

Answer 36

found on the tail and wings: give strength for flight and are responsible for thrust, lift and control

Question 37

what are bristle feathers

Answer 37

found in the head around eyelids, nares and mouth. function similar to eyelashes. help funnel food into mouth

Question 38

what are filoplume feathers

Answer 38

very small and attached to nerve endings. they send information to the brain about feather alignment