DNA, mutations and mitosis

Question 1

what is a chromosome?

Answer 1

they are found in the nucleus of the animal cell and contain strands of DNA

Question 2

chromosomes are made up of a pair of ______ and held together at the _________

Answer 2

chromatids, centromere

Question 3

DNA is made up of units called _________

Answer 3

nucleotides

Question 4

what are the three things DNA is made from

Answer 4

phosphate, deoxyribose sugar and a base

Question 5

the building blocks of proteins. they bind to form polypeptide chains then fold to form protein molecules

Answer 5

amino acids

Question 6

a hereditary unit of DNA. a short section that carried the specific code of a characteristic or cell activity

Answer 6

gene

Question 7

a change or alteration in the sequence of bases on a strand if DNA

Answer 7

gene mutation

Question 8

when DNA is exposed to UV light, certain chemicals or smoking it can cause…

Answer 8

a genetic mutation

Question 9

what type of mutation includes duplication, deletion, inversion, translocation, nondisfunction

Answer 9

chromosome mutation

Question 10

what type of mutation includes point mutation (single nucleotide), substitutions, insertion, deletion, frame shift

Answer 10

gene mutation

Question 11

what type of mutation is it when a single nucleotide has been swapped for another

Answer 11

substitution mutation

Question 12

what type of mutation is it when a base is added into the sequence

Answer 12

insertion mutation

Question 13

what does osteogenesis imperfecta cause

Answer 13

brittle bones