nutrients and the digestive system

Question 1

function of protein in the body

Answer 1

necessary for growth and maintenance of body cells and tissues, form some transport molecules, source of energy

Question 2

functions of carbohydrates in the body

Answer 2

they are a supply of energy for the cell

Question 3

functions of fats in the body

Answer 3

supply and store energy, insulate to conserve body heat, involved in the absorption of vitamins A, D, E and K

Question 4

functions of vitamins in the body

Answer 4

promote specific chemical reactions in the cell

Question 5

functions of minerals in the body

Answer 5

growth and maintenance of bones and teeth, osmoregulation, nerve transmission, muscle contraction and transport systems

Question 6

function of fibre in the body

Answer 6

increases bulk and water in intestinal contents, promotes and regulates bowel function

Question 7

function of water in the body

Answer 7

makes up 50-70% of body weight, provides medium for chemical reactions, transported chemicals, regulates temperature, removes waste products

Question 8

the type of digestion where large pieces of food are ingested and physically broke down into smaller pieces

Answer 8

mechanical digestion

Question 9

the type of digestion where large pieces larger molecules of food are broken down into smaller molecules by enzymes, acids and bile

Answer 9

chemical digestion

Question 10

what are the five types of teeth in a carnivore

Answer 10

canines, incisors, premolars, molars and carnassial teeth

Question 11

function of incisors in carnivores

Answer 11

allows for knawing at bones

Question 12

function of canines in carnivores

Answer 12

enable them to rip meat

Question 13

function of carnassials in carnivores

Answer 13

modified molars that allow the shearing of meat

Question 14

function of molars in carnivores

Answer 14

used for cracking bones

Question 15

what is the mono gastric digestive pathway

Answer 15

oral cavity-> oesophagus-> stomach-> small intestine-> large intestine-> walls of intestines-> rectum/anus

Question 16

where do horses digest most of their food

Answer 16

caecum to ferment the food

Question 17

bird digestive pathway

Answer 17

crop-> stomach-> ceca (where large and small intestine join)-> cloaca

Question 18

the part of the bird stomach that receives food from the oesophagus and secretes mucus, HCl and peosinogen

Answer 18

proventriculus stomach

Question 19

the part of a bird stomach that is disc shaped and musclular, is the avian equivalent of teeth, used to grind and break up food

Answer 19

ventricular/gizzard