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zoo 201 (lab) > The Musculoskeletal System > Flashcards

The Musculoskeletal System Flashcards

1
Q

3 functions of endoskeletal system

A
  • provides framework for the body
  • participates in hemopoietic functions
  • serves as depot for calcium salts
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2
Q

total number of human bones

A

206

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3
Q

out of 206 bones, ____ are axial while ____ are appendicular

A
  • 80
  • 126
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4
Q

appendicular bones support the _____ and _____

A
  • arms
  • legs
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5
Q

axial skeleton consist of

A
  • skull
  • middle ear bones
  • hyoid bone
  • vertebral column
  • ribs
  • sternum
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6
Q

number of bones in the skull

A

22

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7
Q

out of 22 bones in the skull, how many are cranial and facial?

A
  • 8
  • 14
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8
Q

number of middle ear bones

A

6

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9
Q

kinds of middle ear

A
  • malleus
  • incus
  • stapes
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10
Q

number of hyoid bone

A

1

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11
Q

number of vertebral column

A

26

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12
Q

number of ribs

A

24

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13
Q

number of sternum

A

1

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14
Q

appendicular division consists of

A
  • pectoral girdle
  • upper limb bones
  • pelvic girdle
  • lower limb bones
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15
Q

number of pectoral girdle bones

A

4

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16
Q

number of upper limb bones

A

60

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17
Q

number of pelvic girdle bones

A

2

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18
Q

number of lower limb bones

A

60

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19
Q

attach bones to one another

A

joints

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20
Q

joints serve as points of _______ and ______ between bones

A
  • connection
  • interaction
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21
Q

3 kinds of joints

A
  • fibrous
  • cartilage
  • synovial
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22
Q

nearly immovable joints

A

fibrous

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23
Q

slightly immovable joints

A

cartilage

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24
Q

freely movable joints

A

synovial

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25
Q

sutures between bones in the skull

A
  • coronal
  • sagittal
  • lamboidal
26
Q

examples of synovial joints

A
  • hinge
  • bone and socket
27
Q

fluid secreted by the synovial membrane which reduces friction and provides lubrication

A

synovial fluid

28
Q

deposition of bone fragments

A

rheumatoid arthritis

29
Q

located inside the medullar cavity of long bones that supplies the body with new blood cells

A

bone marrow

30
Q

bones in the human body at birth

A

350

31
Q

skeleton of the frog body

A

157

32
Q

5 types of different bones that make up the vertebrate skeletal system

A
  • long bone
  • short bone
  • flat bone
  • irregular bone
  • sesamoid bone
33
Q

longer than wide bone

A

long bone

34
Q

wider than long; cube or round

A

short bone

35
Q

very thin in one direction; no medullar cavity

A

flat bone

36
Q

no uniform shape

A

irregular bone

37
Q

short or irregular bone embedded in a tendon or muscle

A

sesamoid bone

38
Q

examples of long bone

A
  • femur
  • tibia,
  • fibula
  • humerus
  • radius
  • ulna
  • metacarpals
  • metatarsals
  • phalanges
  • clavicle
39
Q

examples of short bones

A
  • carpals
  • tarsals
40
Q

examples of flat bones

A
  • sternum
  • cranium
  • ribs
  • scapula
41
Q

examples of irregular bone

A
  • vertebrae
  • sacrum
  • coccyx
  • sphenoid
42
Q

examples of sesamoid bone

A
  • patella
  • pisiform
43
Q

3 parts of a typical long bone

A
  • epiphyses
  • metaphysis
  • diaphysis
44
Q

central long part of the bone

A

diaphysis

45
Q

ends of the bones

A

epiphyses

46
Q

fusion of epiphyses and diaphysis

A

metaphysis

47
Q

dense irregular connective tissue

A

periosteum

48
Q

mineralized portion of the bone

A

compact bone

49
Q

next to the compact bone

A

spongy bone

50
Q

suture between the frontal and parietals

A

coronal

51
Q

interparietal suture

A

sagittal

52
Q

suture between the parietals and the occipital occurring posteriorly

A

lamboidal

53
Q

cartilaginous portion between the diaphysis and each epiphysis where the region of active growth occurs in young bones

A

epiphyseal plate

54
Q

network of trabecular matrix filled with red marrow in the epiphysis; filled with air spaces

A

spongy bone

55
Q

inner connective tissue layer that lines the medullary cavity

A

endosteum

56
Q

hemopoietic tissue at the epiphysis

A

red marrow

57
Q

substance found within most of the length of the diaphysis and is filled with fats, nerves, and blood vessels that supply the bones

A

yellow marrow

58
Q

prime movers in a joint movement

A

protagonists

59
Q

assists the protagonists

A

synergists

60
Q

oppose the action of the prime movers

A

antagonists

61
Q

resist the contraction

A

neutralizers

62
Q

holds the rest of the body when a limb is moving

A

fixator

zoo 201 (lab) (14 decks)

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