Muscle Tissues Flashcards
1
Q
characterized by long fibrous cells that allow movement of the organism
A
muscular tissues
2
Q
muscles may be located ______ or attached to the _____
A
- internally
- skeleton
3
Q
a special type of muscle
A
heart
4
Q
classification of muscles based on the location
A
- skeletal muscles
- smoot muscles
- cardiac muscles
5
Q
muscle that is specifically found in the heart and are striated
A
cardiac muscle
6
Q
muscle that lines the internal organs and are unstriated
A
smooth muscles
7
Q
muscles that are attached to the bone and are striated
A
skeletal muscles
8
Q
classification of muscles (based on action)
A
- voluntary muscles
- involuntary muscles
9
Q
muscles wherein movement is conscious
A
voluntary muscles
10
Q
muscles wherein movement is unconscious
A
involuntary muscles
11
Q
examples of involuntary movement
A
- digestion
- pumping of the blood by the heart
- peristaltic movement of the esophagus
12
Q
location of the skeletal muscles
A
attached to the skeleton
13
Q
location of the smooth muscles
A
walls of viscera
14
Q
location of the cardiac muscles
A
wall of heart
15
Q
number of nuclei per cell of the skeletal muscles
A
many
16
Q
number of nuclei per cell of the smooth and cardiac muscle
A
one
17
Q
muscles wherein the nuclei is central
A
- smooth muscle
- cardiac muscle
18
Q
position of nuclei in skeletal muscles
A
peripheral
19
Q
muscle that has the most rapid contraction
A
skeletal muscle
20
Q
muscle that has the slowest contraction
A
smooth muscle
21
Q
speed of contraction of the cardiac muscle
A
intermediate
22
Q
muscle that has the greatest ability to remain contracted
A
smooth muscle
23
Q
muscle that has the least ability to remain contracted
A
skeletal muscle
24
Q
muscle wherein contraction is intermediate
A
cardiac musce
25
the type of control in these muscles are involuntary
smooth & cardiac muscle
26
muscle that is voluntary
skeletal muscles
27
tissue that is composed of the main cells called the neurons and their supporting cells called the neuroglia
nervous tissue
28
5 important functions of the nervous tissues
- sensation
- receiving information
- transporting of info to the CNS
- processing of info
- providing the correct response mechanisms
29
nervous tissues help in maintaining the level of acidity by ________
regulating secretions by peripheral glands and by the stomach itself
30
2 properties of muscles tissues
- contractility
- conductility
31
3 types of muscle tissues (based on morphology and functions)
- striated skeletal muscle
- striated cardiac muscle
- smooth / visceral muscle
32
voluntary type of muscle that is controlled at will
striated skeletal muscle
33
basic contractile unit that consists of thick myosin cross-bridges that enable the sliding of the thin contractile actin filaments or isotropic bands toward the H-zone
sacromere
34
protective connective tissue that surrounds the striated skeletal muscle in cross-section
epimysium
35
epimysium extends as ____ connective tissues that surround bundles of muscle fibers or muscle cells
interfascicular
36
extends as the endomysium that immediately surrounds each muscle fiber
perimysium
37
in the longitudinal section, a striated skeletal muscle looks like bundles of ______ with alternating light and dark bands
cylindrical fibers
38
involuntary type of muscle whose contraction is initiated by neuromyogenic tissues
striated cardiac muscle
39
a non-striated involuntary muscle found in all organs of the viscera except the heart
smooth visceral muscle
40
unit structure of the nervous system that enable humans and animals to perceive environmental stimuli and respond to the same, allowing them to adjust and adapt to the environment
nerve tissue cells2m
40
unit structure of the nervous system that enable humans and animals to perceive environmental stimuli and respond to the same, allowing them to adjust and adapt to the environment
nerve tissue cells2m
41
unit structure of the nervous system that enable humans and animals to perceive environmental stimuli and respond to the same, allowing them to adjust and adapt to the environment
nerve tissue cells
42
2 main division of the NS
- CNS
- PNS
43
main division of the NS that includes the nerves as well as the cranial and spinal nerves, and the nerves of the autonomic division that serve the organs of the viscera
peripheral nervous system
44
main division consisting of brain and spinal cord ; acts as command centers of the body
central nervous system
45
2 functions of the PNS
- collect stimuli
- transmit impulses from the CNS to the effector organs
46
3 functions of the CNS
- processes, integrates, and interprets stimuli
47
unit structure of the nervous system
neuron or nerve cell
48
described as having the ability to conduct electrochemical impulses
nerve tissue cells
49
nerve cell body
soma or perikaryon
50
the neuron or nerve cell consists of:
- nerve cell body (soma or perikaryon)
- protoplasmic processes (axon or efferent process)
- dendrite or afferent process
51
the soma is found in the _____ of the brain and spinal cord as well as areas like the _______ of the brain
- gray matter
- deep nuclei
52
the _____ bundles up together and extend from the CNS as tracts, and as nerves from the PNS
axons
53
what do you call a neuron wherein their nerve cell bodies are among those in the gray matter of the CNS that process stimuli, and then send commands via their efferent processes or axons to the motor division of the PNS
motor neurons
54
neurons whose dendrites collect stimuli from body surfaces
sensory neurons
55
aggregation of cells outside the CNS
ganglia
56
supporting nerve cells that serve as delicate packing for the neurons of the CNS and PNS
glial cells or neuroglia
57
_____ include the astrocytes that serve as blood brain barriers
glial cells
58
_____ act as immune cells of the CNS
microglia
59
______ produce the myelin fibers of the axons brain and spinal cord nerve bodies and the ependymal cells that line the ventricles of the brain and spinal cord
oligodendrocytes
60
fatty material produce by schwann cells
myelin sheath
61
according to the number of processes, neurons can be:
- unipolar
- bipolar
- multipolar
62
neurons that have only one protoplasmic process as in the unpolar cells of the dorsal sensory ganglion
unipolar
63
neurons that are numerous in the CNS, particularly gray matter of the spinal cord and the cortex of the cerebrum
multipolar
64
neurons that have one axon and one dendrite as those found in the rods & cones of the retina
bipolar
65
bundle of axons or nerve fibers
nerve
66
a ________ is protected by a perineurium
nerve fascicle
67
______ threads immediately protect each myelinated axon, as they occur just around the neurilemma, which is the plasma membrane of the neuron
endoneurial
68
______ extend from the perineurium to the areas around and between the fascicles
interfascicular
69
________ protects the entire nerve
epineurium
70
gaps where no myelin is deposited
nodes of ranvier
71
this is possible through the nosed of ranvier
saltatory transmission of neurochemical impulses
72
the ______ of the spinal cord consists of numerous myelinated axons and various kinds of supportive nerve cells or neuroglia
white matter
73
this is inner to the white matter and has numerous cell bodies among which are giant motor neurons along the ventral horn of the spinal cord
gray matter
