Frog Organ Systems Flashcards
1
Q
external anatomy of a frog
A
- eyes
- nictitating membrane
- external nares
- typanum
- appendages (forelimb, hindlimb)
- nuptial pads
2
Q
parts of a forelimb
A
- upper arm
- forearm
- wrist
- palm
3
Q
parts of a hindlimb
A
- thigh
- shank
- ankle
- foot
4
Q
how many digits does the palm has?
A
four and a rudimentary vestigial thumb (calcar)
5
Q
how many digits dos the foot has?
A
five and a rudimentary sixth digit
6
Q
enlarged thumbs
A
nuptial pads
7
Q
function of nuptial pads
A
aid in holding the females during reproductive periods
8
Q
musculatory system of the frog is divided into:
A
- muscles of the head
- muscles of the trunk and the forelimb
- muscles of the abdomen
- muscles of the thigh
- muscles of the shank
9
Q
4 muscles of the head
A
- temporalis
- depressor mandibulae
- mylohyoid
- submentalis
10
Q
12 muscles of the trunk and the forelimb
A
- dorsalis scapulae
- latissimus dorsi
- longissimus dorsi
- ilio-lumbaris
- coccygeosacralis
- coccygeo-ilacus
- sternoradialis
- deltoid muscles
- pectorialis muscle
- triceps brachii
11
Q
4 muscles of the abdomen
A
- rectus abdomins
- inscriptions tendinae
- external oblique
- transversus
12
Q
12 muscles of the thigh
A
- triceps extensor femoris
- vastus extnus
- rectus femoris anticus
- vastus internus
- gluterus
- sartotius
- adductor magnus
- adductor longus
- gracilis major
- semitendinosus
- semimembranous
- biceps femoris
13
Q
6 muscles of the shank
A
- gastrocnemius
- tibialis posticus
- extesor cruri
- flexor tarsi anterior
- tibialis anticus
- peroneus
14
Q
stout muscle near the tympanic membrane
A
temporalis
15
Q
posterior to the temporalis
A
depressor mandibulae
16
Q
forms a broad sheet of thin muscle across the lower jaw, on the ventral surface of the head
A
mylohyoid
17
Q
muscle found when cut through the median raphe
A
geniohyoid
18
Q
located at the anterior portion of the lower jaw
A
submentalis
19
Q
beneath the depressor mandibulae
A
dorsalis scapulae
20
Q
posterior to the dorsalis scapulae
A
latissimus dorsi
21
Q
posterior to latissimus dorsi
A
longissimus dorsi
22
Q
lateral to longissimus dorsi
A
ilio-lumbaris
23
Q
v-shaped muscles posterior to the longissimus dorsi
A
- coccygeosacralis
- coccygeo-ilacus
24
Q
found on the ventral side when the mylohyoid is lifted
A
sternoradialis
25
ventral to the sternoradialis
deltoid muscle
26
posterior to the sternoradialis; fan-shaped muscle
pectorialis muscle
27
3 parts of the pectorialis muscle
- anterior pectorialis
- middle perctorialis
- pectorialis abdominis
28
middle pectorialis is also known as _______
pectorialis sternalis
29
large muscle of the arm
triceps brachii
30
two longitudinal sheets of flat muscles forming the ventral wall of the abdomen
rectus abdominis
31
linea alba
connective tissue that separates the rectus abdominis
32
rectus abdominis is divided into five segments by the _____
inscriptions tendinae
33
covers the sides of the body
externaloblique
34
beneath the external oblique
transversus
35
prominent muscle covering the whole outer surface of the high
triceps extensor femoris
36
3 heads of the triceps extensor femoris
- vastus externus
- rectus femoris anticus
- vastus internus
37
which of the d3 heads of the triceps extensor femoris is located in the middle?
rectus femoris anticus
38
which of the d3 heads of the triceps extensor femoris is located in the dorsal part
vastus externus
39
which of the d3 heads of the triceps extensor femoris is located in the ventral part?
vastus internus
40
small muscle between the vastus externus and rectus femoris anticus
gluteus
41
flat or ribbon-like muscle obliquely traversing the ventral surface
sartorius
42
partially covered by the sartorius and also obliquely traverses the thighs
adductor magnus
43
located beneath the sartorius
adductor longus
44
next to the adductor magnus on the posterior margin and is found on the ventral side of the thigh
gracilis major
45
thin strip located in the innermost side of the thigh
gracilis minor
46
slender muscle located beneath the gracilis major
semitendnosus
47
dorsal large muscle with oblique marking covering the inner surface of the thigh
semimembranosus
48
narrow muscle located between he semimambranosus and the triceps femoris
biceps femoris
49
large muscle covering the entire posterior inner side of the shank
gastrocnemius
50
beneath the gastrocnemius and between this muscle and the tibio-fibula
tibialis posticus
51
anterior to tibialis posticus
extensor crur
52
internal anatomy of the frog are subdivided into
- digestive structures
- respiratory structures
- circulatory structures
- excretory structures
- urogenital structures
53
11 digestive structures
- mouth
- tongue
- esophagus
- stomach
- small intestine
- liver
- gall bladder
- pancreas
- spleen
- large intestine
- cloaca
54
regulates the exit of digestive food from the stomach to the intestine
pyloric sphincter valve
55
where most of the digestion and absorption of food into the bloodstream takes place
small intestine
56
first straight portion of the small intestine
duodenum
57
curled portion of the small intestine
ileum
58
membrane that holds the ileum together
mesentery
59
largest structure of the body cavity
liver
60
digestive juice secreted by the liver
bile
61
small green sac under the liver that stores bile
gall bladder
62
thin, yellowish ribbon between the small intestine and the stomach
pancreas
63
pancreas produces:
pancreatic juice
64
dark red spherical object which serves as a holding area for blood
spleen
65
common exit for the urogenital and digestive system
cloaca
66
6 respiratory structures
- nose / snout
- nares / nostrils
- glottis
- pharynx
- left and right bronchi
- left and right lungs
67
opening at the back of the mouth that lea to the respiratory tract
glottis
68
throat area
pharynx
69
tubes that connect the pharynx to the left and right lungs, resectively
left and right bronchi
70
two small sacs on either side of the midline, partially hidden under the liver
left and right lungs
71
6 circulatory structures
- pericardium
- heart
- conus arteriosus
- truncus arteriosus
- superior / anterior vena cava
- inferior / posterior vena cava
72
the frog circulatory system consists of _____, _____, and ______
- heart
- blood vessels
- blood
73
membranous covering surrounding the heart
pericardium
74
at the top of the liver and has a triangular structure
heart
75
single wide arterial vessel leaving the ventricle and passing ventrally over the right atrium
conus arteriosus
76
paired arterial blood vessels leading out from the conus arteriosus
truncus arteriosus
77
3 branches of truncus arteriosus
- carotid arches
- aortic / systemic arches
- pulmocutaneous arches
78
carries deoxygenated blood from the head too the right atrium of the heart
superior / anterior vena cava
79
begins between the two kidneys and returns blood to the sinus venosus
inferior / posterior vena cava
80
inferior vena cava carries deoxygenated blood from the _____ portion of the body to the right atrium of the heart
posterior
81
excretory structures
- kidneys
- urinary bladder
82
flattened bean shaped organs located at the lower back of the frog near the spine
kidneys
83
a tube through which urine passes to the urinary bladder and is connected to each kidney
ureter
84
empty sac located at the lowest part of the body cavity, attached to the ventral wall of the cloaca
urinary bladder
85
urogenital structures
- fat bodies
- cloaca
- testes (males)
- oviducts (female)
86
reproductive and excretory system of the frog is called _______
urogenital system
87
amphibians are _____
(reproductive structures)
dioecious
88
spaghetti-shaped structures that have a bright orange or yellow color and serve as energy source
fat bodies
89
yellow or tan-colored, bean-shaped organs located at the top of the kidneys
testes
90
curly-q type structure around the outside of the kidney where the eggs are produced
oviducts
91
oviduct-like structure in males but serve no purpose
vestigial oviducts
92
short tube that leads from the frog's mouth to the stomach
esophagus
93
whitish, j-shaped organ which connects the esophagus anteriorly and with the small intestine posteriorly
stomach
94
stomach is the first major site of _____ digestion
chemical
