The Muscoskeletal System And Movement Analysis Flashcards
What are the 3 planes of movement?
- Frontal
- Sagittal
- Transverse
Characteristics of the frontal plane
- The frontal plane splits the body into front and back
(F for Frontal = Front & Back) - Any sideways movement in line with the frontal plane occurs here
- Movements: Adduction & Abduction
Characteristics of the transverse plane
- The transverse plane splits the body into upper and lower sections
(T for Transverse = Top & Bottom) - Any rotational motion occurs here
- Movements:
Horizontal abduction & adduction
Characteristics of the sagittal plane
- The sagittal plane splits the body into a right and left side
(S for Sagittal = Side & Side) - Any forward or backward motion occurs here
- Movements:
Flexion, extension, hyperextension, plantar flexion, dorsiflexion.
What are the 3 axes of rotation?
- Transverse
- Sagittal
- Longitudinal
Characteristics of the Transverse axis
- Runs from the left side of the body to the right (hip to hip)
- Rotation in this axis occurs when moving in the sagittal plane
Characteristics of the sagittal axis
- Runs from the front of the body to the back (S for Sagittal = Stomach)
- Rotation in this axis occurs when moving in the frontal plane
Characteristics of the longitudinal axis
- Runs from top to bottom
- Rotation in this axis occurs when moving in the transverse plane
What are the planes and axes pairs?
- Frontal Plane + Sagittal Axis
- Transverse Plane + Longitudinal Axis
- Sagittal Plane + Transverse Axis
What plane and axis does a front somersault move in?
Sagittal Plane
Transverse Axis
What plane and axis does a discus throw move in?
Transverse Plane
Longitudinal Axis
What plane and axis does a cartwheel move in?
Frontal Plane
Sagittal Axis
What type of joint is the shoulder joint?
Ball and Socket
What type of joint is the elbow?
Hinge joint
What type of joint is the hip?
Ball and socket
What type of joint is the knee?
Hinge joint
What type of joint is the ankle?
Hinge joint
What are the articulating bones at the shoulder joint?
Scapula & Humerus
What are the articulating bones at the elbow joint?
Humerus
Radius
Ulna
What are the articulating bones at the hip?
Femur & Pelvis
What are the articulating bones at the knee?
Femur & Tibia
What are the articulating bones at the ankle?
Talus
Tibia
Fibula
What joint actions are possible at a ball and socket joint?
- Flexion
- Extension
- Adduction
- Abduction
- Horizontal Abduction
- Horizontal Adduction
What joint actions is the elbow capable of?
Flexion & Extension
What joint actions is the knee capable of?
Flexion & Extension
What joint actions is the ankle capable of?
Plantar Flexion & Dorsiflexion
What is the agonist and antagonist muscle when the shoulder is at flexion?
Agonist: Anterior Deltoid
Antagonist: Latissimus Dorsi
What is the agonist and antagonist muscle when the shoulder is at extension?
Agonist: Latissimus Dorsi
Antagonist: Anterior Deltoid
What is the agonist and antagonist muscle when the shoulder is performing adduction?
Agonist:
- Posterior Deltoid & Latissimus Dorsi
Antagonist:
- Middle Deltoid & Supraspinatus
What is the agonist and antagonist muscle when the shoulder is performing abduction?
Agonist:
- Middle Deltoid & Supraspinatus
Antagonist:
- Posterior Deltoid & Latissimus Dorsi
What is the agonist and antagonist muscle when the shoulder is performing horizontal abduction?
Agonist: Latissimus Dorsi
Antagonist: Pectorals
What is the agonist and antagonist muscle when the shoulder is performing horizontal adduction?
Agonist: Pectorals
Antagonist: Latissimus Dorsi
What is the agonist and antagonist muscle when the elbow is at flexion?
Agonist: Biceps
Antagonist: Triceps
What is the agonist and antagonist muscle when the elbow is at extension?
Agonist: Triceps
Antagonist: Biceps
What is the agonist and antagonist muscle when the hip is at flexion?
Agonist: iliopsoas & hip flexors
Antagonist: gluteals
What is the agonist and antagonist muscle when the hip is at extension?
Agonist: Gluteals
Antagonist: Hip Flexors
What is the agonist and antagonist muscle when the hip is performing adduction?
Agonist:
- Adductor Brevis, Longus & Magnus
Antagonist:
- Tensor fascia latae, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus
What is the agonist and antagonist muscle when the hip is performing abduction?
Agonist:
- Tensor fascia latae, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus
Antagonist:
- Adductor Brevis, Longus & Magnus
What is the agonist and antagonist muscle when the hip is performing horizontal abduction?
Agonist: Hip adductors
Antagonist:
- Tensor fascia latae, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus
What is the agonist and antagonist muscle when the hip is performing horizontal adduction?
Agonist:
- Tensor fascia latae, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus
Antagonist:
- Hip adductors
What is the agonist and antagonist muscle when the knee is at flexion?
Agonist: Hamstrings
Antagonist: Quadriceps
What is the agonist and antagonist muscle when the knee is at extension?
Agonist: Quadriceps
Antagonist: Hamstrings
What is the agonist and antagonist muscle when the ankle is at planter flexion?
Agonist: Gastrocnemius
Antagonist: Tibialis anterior
What is the agonist and antagonist muscle when the ankle is at dorsiflexion?
Agonist: Tibialis anterior
Antagonist: Gastrocnemius
Why is movement analysis helpful?
It can help improve sports performance by improving the efficiency of sporting movements, and identifying how technique could be improved.
When analysing movement you should refer to: …?
When analysing movement you should refer to:
- the movement produced
- the plane of movement
- the axis of movement
- the type of muscle contraction taking place
Kicking backswing, movement analysis example:
Movement produced:
- Flexion (knee), Plantar Flexion (ankle)
Plane of movement:
- Sagittal
Axis of movement:
- Transverse
Muscle contraction taking place:
- Isotonic Concentric
