The Motor Unit - Neurological Consideration for Movement (week 7) Flashcards
muscles are responsible for…
muscles are responsible for producing force and absorbing energy during locomotion
state 3 introductory facts about the neuromuscular basic for human movement
- MVMT = combined effort of several muscles under the control of the CNS
- CNS distributes signals to appropriate motor nerves with specific timing and in the appropriate number
- to accomplish this, the CNS needs constant feedback from a variety of sensory receptors
state the anatomical differences between the CNS PNS
- CNS - brain + spinal chord
2. PNS - cranial nerves (12 pairs) and spinal nerves (31 pairs)
what’s the main function of cranial nerves (12 pairs)
mostly used in relation to human senses. do not relate to the control of movement
state how many pairs of nerves are located at each section of the vertebrae
- cervicle - 8 pairs
- thoracic - 12 pairs
- lumbar - 5 pairs
- sarcal - 5 pairs
- coccygeal - 1 pair
state the function of the cervicle nerves
control head, neck, and upper extremities
state the function of the thoracic nerves
control the upper extremities + trunk
state the function of the lumbar nerves
control the lower extremities + pelvis
state the function of the sarcal nerves
control the lower extremities + pelvis
state the function of the coccygeal nerves
control the coccyx
state what it is meant by the key term - nerve
a nerve is a bundle of fibres within a connective tissue sheath
state 2 facts about nerves
- nerves may consist of only efferent or afferent neurones
2. however, a typical spinal nerve contains both in the same sheath
state what it is meant by the key term - neurone
a neurone is a single nerve cell
state the 3 types, and functions, of neurones
- motor neurones = efferent, signals exit spinal chord (ventral/front)
- sensory neurones = afferent, signals enter the spinal chord (dorsal/back)
- interneurones = only within the CNS, can elicit excitatory and inhibitory responses in other neurones
state what it is meant by the key term - alpha motor neurones
responsible for initiating the muscle contractions by innervating extrafusal muscle fibres
state what it is meant by the key term - gamma motor neurones
innervate intrafusal muscle fibres of the muscle receptors (muscle spindles)