THE MORAL REALITY OF SIN Flashcards
All moral reality is made up of the objective nature of the act/attitude, the intention of the agent, and the circumstances.
______as a moral reality is an attitude, an action or failure to act, or power or force that leads us into evil.
Sin
T or F
There are some false ideas of sin.
Sin is often taken as: merely breaking some impersonal law in a book, or a guilt feeling, or as something we cannot avoid.
These simply avoid the evil of sin and the harm it does to the sinner and others
True
A common example of a false, legalistic, impersonal idea of sin is expressed by the question:
“How far can I go without falling into sin?”
The concept of sin is very closely related to that of______.
Sin and moral _____ designate the same reality, though under different aspects.
guilt
Sin always involves_____, and ______ always presupposes sin.
moral guilt
T or F
Sin and guilt always exist together.
True
_____expresses the truth that a wrongful act is morally evil and an offense against God.
Sin
denotes the fact that a person is liable for the evil he has done and that it is attributed to him as the responsible agent.
Guilt
______is different from guilt feeling for the latter merely psychological, that is false guilt, which therefore does not necessarily mean that sin is committed.
______, which is incurred by a merely offense against the existing legal order, is not the same with moral guilt also.
Moral guilt
Juridical guilt
• In Constitutional Law, the accused has the right to the presumption of innocence until proven otherwise.
• This is because the court must certainly establish and determine the__________.
• But the_______ is indispensable for such an accused who has committed the offense.
guilt beyond reasonable doubt
moral guilt
Clearly sin is a product of man’s_____. But deep within its human reality there are factors at work which place it beyond the merely human, in the border-area where human (3) are in contact with the dark forces which, according to St. Paul, are active in the world, almost to the point of ruling it
freedom
conscience, will, and sensitivity
But we need to reflect deeply on sin:
1) to truly appreciate God’s everlasting merciful love, and
2) to correct common distorted ideas of God, the Church, conscience, law and the Sacrament of Reconciliation
According to ________ simply defines sin as the failure to bother to love.
James F. Keenan, S.J.,
James F. Keenan, S.J., simply defines sin as the failure to bother to love.
• This definition captures the many stories in the bible such as
Matthew’s goat
Lazarus’ rich man
the wounded man’s priest and the Levite
the publican’s Pharisee
•__________ defines sin as basically: a refusal of God’s love.
• It entails: refusing to follow our own_______;
• rejecting our true selves, others, and God by turning away from God, our true end;
• breaking God’s covenant of love with us (no. 784).
The Catechism for Filipino Catholics
conscience
Sin is “a word, an act, or a desire contrary to the eternal Law”
According to
Saint Augustine
TYPES OF SIN
Sin of Commission
Sin of Omission
- The sin of ______ is the performance of a forbidden act or a disobedience to a direct command.
Sin of Commission
The scriptural verses that describe this sin are the following:
“You shall have no other gods before Me”
“You shall not take the name of the Lord your God in vain”
“You shall not kill”
“You shall not commit adultery”
“You shall not steal.”
Sin of commission
is a failure to do something one who is able to do and ought to do.
Sin of Omission
It is a failure to make an obligatory act accomplished.
Sin if omission
St. James, in his letter (4:17), said, “So for one who knows the right thing to do and does not do it, it is a sin.”
Sin of omission
Karl Peschke (p.308), on the other hand, identifies this sin as an offense against positive precept, such as “Remember the Sabbath day, to keep it holy”; “Love one another as I have loved you.”
Sin of omission
KINDS OF SIN ACCORDING TO STRUCTURE
Personal
Social
Structural
● It is never just “private,” with no effect on anyone else.
● Rather, just as all “persons” are relational, always affecting others and the community in everything they do, and likewise being affected by what others do, so personal sin is neither committed nor overcome in “private.”
● The grace of personal conversion and repentance always involves a community dimension.
Personal Sin
○ sin’s power to affect others by reason of human solidarity;
○ sins that directly attack human rights and basic freedoms, human dignity, justice, and the common good;
Social sin
