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THEO: 2nd Year > Christian Virtues > Flashcards

Christian Virtues Flashcards

1
Q

“What I do, I do not understand. For I do not do what I want, but I do what I hate. Now if I do what I do not want, I concur that the law is good. So now it is no longer I who do it, but sin dwell in me. For I know that good does not dwell in me, that is, in my flesh. The will is ready at hand, but doing the good is not. For do not do the good I want, but I do the evil I do not want” (Romans 7:15-19)

A

Apostle Paul’s letter

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2
Q

This is what Apostle Paul said in his letter to the Romans emphasizing that there may be times that we know what should be done, but still could not do it. This means that we may know the commandments but not the love of God for there are two opposing forces struggling within us.

A

Apostle’s paul’s letter

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3
Q

The word virtue is derived from the____ word virtus which means “____”

A

Latin

force

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4
Q

It is a habit of good behavior which enables us to do what is right with increasing ease, joy, and consistency, in response to God’s offer of and invitation to covenant love.

A

Virtues

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5
Q

As Gregory of Nyssa says, “the aim of the virtuous life is to become like____.”

But placing virtues in Christian life would give us a new concept of virtue being an essential aspect of spiritual growth.

It is a “power” in the literal sense of the word.

But when this power turned to evil, it is called a____.

A

God

vice

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6
Q

There is no Hebrew term in the Old Testament until the OT was translated to Greek (Septuagint) the word_____ (virtue or excellence) was used

The term is also infrequently used in the New Testament. Exegetes said that the reason for this is that the word was too anthropocentric and stressed human achievement and merit.

However, we can find lists of virtues, in the________, that describe moral existence in the early years of the Christian community

A

arête

New Testament

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7
Q

Acc to….

Virtue is intimately related to human happiness or eudaemonia as the final end of humanity.

Thus, he defined virtue (arète) as a state of character (hexis) concerned with choice, lying in a mean intermediate between two extremes (vices).

A

Aristotle

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8
Q

Acc. to….

Defined virtue as a fixed disposition of the soul, making connatural the response to what is morally right, and the art of living slightly and in a proper manner.

While ____ accepted the cardinal virtues of the Greeks, viz., prudence, justice, fortitude and temperance he gave pride of place to the Christian virtues of faith, hope and charity.

A

Augustine of Hippo

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9
Q

CARDINAL VIRTUES

PJForTe

A
  1. Prudence
  2. Justice
  3. fortitude
  4. temperance
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10
Q

“If anyone loves righteousness, (Wisdom’s)_____ are virtues; for she teaches temperance and prudence, justice and courage.”

A

labors

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11
Q

The virtue that disposes practical reason to discern our true good in every circumstance and to choose the right means of achieving it; “the prudent man looks where he is going.”

A

Prudence

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12
Q

“_____is right reason in action,” writes St. Thomas Aquinas, following Aristotle.

It is not to be confused with timidity or fear, nor with duplicity or dissimulation.

It is called_______ (the charioteer of the virtues; it guides the other virtues by setting rule and measure. It is prudence that immediately guides the judgment of conscience.)

A

Prudence

aunga virtutum

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13
Q

The______ man determines and directs his conduct in accordance with this judgment.

With the help of this virtue we apply moral principles to particular cases without error and overcome doubts about the good to achieve and the evil to avoid.

A

prudent

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14
Q

The virtue of prudence implies the following acts:

A

wise consultation
right judgment
command

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15
Q

● This virtue has the following elements: memory, understanding or intuition, docility, shrewdness, reason, foresight, circumspection, and caution.

● The virtues related to it are the following:
the habit of seeking right counsel, of judging the morality of an action according to law or higher principles.

A

Prudence

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16
Q

The moral virtue that consists in the constant and firm will to give their due to God and neighbor.

______toward God is called the “virtue of religion.”

A

Justice

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17
Q

_____toward men disposes one to respect the rights of each and to establish in human relationships the harmony that promotes equity with regard to persons and to the common good.

A

Justice

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18
Q

The different species of the virtue of justice are:

A

Legal
Commutative
Distributive
Social

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19
Q

The virtues connected with justice are:

A
  1. Piety,
  2. Reverence due to those who enjoy some dignity
  3. Obedience,
  4. Gratitude,
  5. Affability,
  6. Friendship,
  7. Fidelity, and truthfulness
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20
Q

A moral virtue that ensures firmness in difficulties and constancy in the pursuit of the good. It strengthens the resolve to resist temptations and to overcome obstacles in the moral life.

A

Fortitude

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21
Q

The virtue of______ enables one to conquer fear, even fear of death, and to face trials and persecutions.

It disposes one even to renounce and sacrifice his life in defense of a just cause.

A

fortitude

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22
Q

The virtues related to the virtue of fortitude are:

A

Magnanimity
Munificence
Patience, longanimity
Perseverance

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23
Q

Virtues related to fortitude

○_______ - by which the will is rendered prompt to undertake great and arduous good works,

○_______ - readiness to incur great expense in necessary external works,

○___________ - the disposition to bear patiently the hardships, and

○________ - the inclination to continue to do something even though it is difficult

A

Magnanimity

Munificence

Patience, longanimity

Perseverance

24
Q

● A moral virtue that moderates the attraction of pleasures and provides balance in the use of created goods.

It ensures the will’s mastery over Instincts and keeps desires within the limits of what is honorable.

A

TEMPERANCE

25
Q

The______ person directs the sensitive appetites toward what is good, and maintains a healthy discretion:

“Do not follow your inclination and strength, walking according to the desires of your heart.”

A

temperate

26
Q

three theological virtues of (3) dispose Christians to live in relationship with the Holy Trinity.

A

faith, hope and love

27
Q

In Christian life,____ is linked directly with the action of the Holy Spirit within us, including His gifts and fruits

A

virtue

28
Q

Letter to the Hebrews

_____is the realization of what is hoped for and evidence of things not seen.

A

Faith

29
Q

According to Vatican II, “The obedience of______ must be given to God as he reveals himself.

By _____ man freely commits his entire self to God, making the full submission of his intellect and will to God who reveals, and willingly assenting to the Revelation given by him.

A

faith

30
Q

Before this faith can be exercised, man must have the____ to move and assist him;

he must have the interior helps of the_____, who moves the heart and makes it easy for all to accept and believe the truth.”

A

grace of God

Holy Spirit

31
Q

The “Alluminist” school (Augustine, Thomas Aquinas, et al.) understands faith as an **inner light or as the beginning of wisdom. **

Its primary focus is on the personal relationship between the individual and God in a contemplative union that could unwittingly encourage a spirit of Indifference to the needs of others

A

FAITH AS CONVICTION

32
Q

The “body of doctrines” school, on the other hand, sees faith as a firm assent of the mind to what the Church authoritatively teaches in the name of God.

It focuses bellevers’ attention so strongly on what there is to believe that they tend to ignore the moral (social, political, economic as well as personal and Interpersonal) implications of accepting the Gospel in faith.

A

FAITH AS CONVICTION

33
Q

This concept of faith is solidly biblical.

It was also the emphasis of Protestant Reformers.

Everything is left in the hands of God, who will save us in spite of our inequity.

As sum, faith alone saves. It entails a lack of real interest in social reform.

A

FAITH AS TRUST

34
Q

This is the so called performative approach.

It must be incarnate in praxis (faith-in-action).

Faith is a transforming acceptance of the Word, which challenges us through the cries of the poor and oppressed. It is an active engagement in the service of the Kingdom of God, “Those who do what is true come to the light” (John 3:21).

A

FAITH AS COMMITMENT

35
Q

The Gospel is the power of God revealing God’s justice and leading to salvation (Rom 1:16-17), Faith works through love (Gal 5:6).

Our faith overcomes the world (1 Jn 5:41.

In sum, faith in theological sense is a self-surrender to God as he reveals Himself.

It is thus only the acceptance or response on the part of the human being who realizes that the initiative rests with God.

A

FAITH AS COMMITMENT

36
Q

The virtue of_____ is rooted in faith.

This virtue is sounded in Genesis immediately after the Fall, when God does not at once execute the sentence of death on Adam and Eve but settles them in exile, clothing them, and withdrawing from them the blessing of fertility (Gen 3:20-24)

A

hope

37
Q

The New Testament proclaims that this Messiah is the Son of God, Jesus Christ who suffered, died, and was buried, but the Church remains a permanent witness through the ages that Jesus was raised from the dead.

A

Hope

38
Q

Let us say once again: we need the greater and lesser hopes that keep us going day by day. But these are not enough without the great hope, which must surpass everything else.

This great hope can only be____, who encompasses the whole of reality and who can bestow upon us what we, by ourselves, cannot attain.

The fact that it comes to us as a gift is actually part of hope.

A

God

39
Q

God is the foundation of____: not any god, but the God who has a human face and who has lowed us to the end, each one of us and humanity in its entirety

A

hope

40
Q

In Greek, there are four meanings of love.

A

Epithemia
Eros
Philia
Agape

41
Q

○_______ - is the desire, with the connotation of lust. This is sexual love

○_____ - is the drive toward union with others which brings self-fulfillment.

○_____ - is affectionate love such as that among brothers, sisters, and friends.

○______ - is total dedication and devotion to the welfare of the other, regardless of sacrifice and personal cost

A

Epithemia

Eros

Philia

Agape

42
Q

The whole chapter of ______ actually describes the features of love, which binds together all the other virtues because without love, no virtues really count:

● Love is patient, love is kind;
love is not jealous or boastful;
it is not arrogant or rude. Love does not insist on its own way, it is not irritable or resentful;
it does not rejoice at wrong, but rejoices in the right. Love bears all things, believes all things, hopes all things, endures all things: (1 Cor 13:4-7)

A

1 Corinthians 13

43
Q

● Does not simply have to do with “enduring all things” but rather to the quality of one who does not act on impulse and avoids giving offense.

● This characteristics conforms to the nature of God who is “slow to anger (Ex 34:6; Num 14:18) for God’s patience is shown towards sinners.

St. Paul always reminds us, “Let all bitterness and wrath and anger and clamor and slander be put away from you, with all malice”

A

Love is patient

44
Q

● means that we rejoice at the good of others when we see their dignity and value their abilities and good works.

This is why “it is more blessed to give than to receive” (Acts 20:35).

● Means it is ever ready to be of assistance. It indicates that love benefits and helps others.

As St. Ignatius of Loyola said, “Love is shown more by deeds than by words.”

A

Love is kind

45
Q

● Means that love has no room for discomfiture at another person’s good fortune (Acts 7:9; 17:5).

Envy is a form of sadness provoked by another’s prosperity. It shows that we are not concerned for the happiness of others but only with our own well-being.

A

Love is not jealous

46
Q

indicates that love is not arrogant.

It means that we do not become “puffed up” before others

“Love is not rude” indicates that love is not ill-mannered or harsh. Its actions, words and gestures are pleasing and not abrasive or rigid. To love is to be gentle and thoughtful. Those who love are capable of speaking words of comfort, consolation, and encouragement. strength,

A

Live is not boastful

47
Q

● means an act of serving others.

Jesus said, You received without pay, give without pay (Matthew 10:8).

In the letter of St. Paul to the Philippians he said, “Let each of you look not only to his own interests, but also to the interests of others (2:4).”

A

Love is generous

48
Q

● means renunciation of a violent reaction within, a hidden irritation that sets us on edge where others are concerned, as if they were troublesome or threatening and thus to be avoided.

If we must fight evil, so be it, but we must always say “no” to violence.

A

Love is not irritable or resentful”

49
Q

means that love forgives.

It takes no account of evil.

As Jesus said, Father, forgive them, for they know not what they do (Luke 23:34). Though, forgiving those who have offended us is not easy but if we accept God’s unconditional love we will become capable of showing boundless love and forgiving others even if they have wronged us.

A

Love does not rejoice at wrong

50
Q

● means that we rejoice at the good of others when we see their dignity and value their abilities and good works.

This is why “it is more blessed to give than to receive” (Acts 20:35).

A

Love rejoices with others

51
Q

As the countercultural power of love that is able to face whatever might threaten it,

means holding one’s peace about what may be wrong with another person.

It implies limiting judgment, checking the impulse to issue a firm and ruthless condemnation.

“Judge not and you will not be judged” (James 3:6).

A

Love bears all things

52
Q

means that love trusts, it sets free, it does not try to control, possess and dominate everything.

A family marked by loving trust, come what may, helps its members to be themselves and spontaneously to reject deceit, falsehood, and lies

A

Love believes all things

53
Q

● means that love does not despair of the future.

“Love endures all things” means that love bears every trial with a positive attitude. It stands firm in hostile surroundings. This endurance involves not only the ability to tolerate certain aggravations, but something greater: a constant readiness to confront any challenge. It is love that never gives up even in the darkest hour.

A

Love hopes all things”

54
Q

______ are natural virtues for they can be acquired by man through repetition of certain actions as normal habits or through human achievements, while______ are supernatural virtues for they are infused by God as grace freely given to man.

A

Cardinal virtues

theological virtues

55
Q

______ cannot be acquired through man’s constant practice. Though, _____can be acquired through the normal habits, they can also be Christian virtues if and when they are associated with love.

A

Theological values

cardinal virtues

THEO: 2nd Year (17 decks)

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