The Monarchy Flashcards
Great Grandfather of Romulus/Remus, and king of Alba Longa
Proca
Grandfather of Romulus/Remus
Numitor
Great-Uncle of Romulus/Remus
Amulius
Who was the father of Numitor and Amulius
Proca
This great-uncle of Romulus and Remus usurped the throne from their grandfather, Numitor
Amulius
Daugher of Numitor who Amulius forced to become a Vestal Virgin
Rhea Silvia (Ilia)
Parents of Romulus/Remus
Rhea Silvia and Mars
Shepherd who found Romulus and Remus off the Tiber River
Faustulus
Wife of Faustulus
Acca Laurentia
Adoptive parents of Romulus and Remus
Faustulus and Acca Laurentia
Wife of Romulus
Hersilia
Romulus fortified this hill
Palatine
Who adopted the foreign rite of sacrificing to Hercilius?
This was the only foreign rite he did
Romulus
Made the Capitoline an asylum for criminals
Romulus
Romulus made what hill an asylum for criminals
Capitoline
Cretaed 100 senatorial seats, of whom were called “patres” (senators)
Romulus
Institutded the festival of Consualia in honor of Neptune/Consus
Romulus
To what festival were the Sabines, Antemenaens, Posumiums, sand Caeninans all invited, where the Rape of the Sabines famously occurred?
Consualia
Who siezed the most beatiful girl at the Consualia festival, during the Rape of the Sabines?
Thalasius
This is the source of the Roman practice of crying “Thalasius” at weddings.
Who led the Caenina against Rome after the Rape of the Sabines?
King Acron
King Acron led what tribe againt Rome following the Rape of the Sabines?
Caenina
Who did Romulus slay to get the first “spolia opima” in Roman history?
King Acron of the Caenina
Who received the first spolia opima in history?
Romulus
After defeating Acron in single combat, where did Romulus take Acron’s armor, where he consecrated the Temple of Jupiter Feretrius?
Capitoline Hill
What was the first teple consecrated in Rome, and where was it consecrated?
Temple of Jupiter Feretrius; on the Capitoline Hill
Name the king of the Sabines who attacked Rome after the defeat of Acron
Titus Tatius
Titus Tatius was king of which tribe in Rome?
Sabines
Who was the commander of the Roman citadel when the Sabines attacked Rome?
Spurius Tarpeius
Who was bribed by Titus Tatius to open the gates of Rome?
Tarpeia
After Tarpeia let the Sabines into Rome on account of a bribe, what happened to her?
The Sabines threw their shields on her
Spurius Tarpeius was commander of what structure in Rome, which was compromised for a short time by the Sabines’ attack on Rome?
Citadel
The Lacus Curtius gets its name from what champion of the Sabines, who was bogged down in the swamp by his horse?
Mettius Curtius
Mettius Curtius was the basis of naming what lake/swamp in Rome?
Lacus Curtius
Who was the Sabine and Roman champions in the war between them after the Rape of the Sabines?
Roman: Hostius Hostilius
Sabines: Mettius Curtius
Name the Roman champion who was Tullus Hostilius’ grandfather?
Hostius Hostilius
When the Romans were retreating from their attempt to get the Citadel back from the Sabines, what got did Romulus pray to?
Jupiter Stator
Romulus co-ruled with who after the Sabines interceded for peace?
Titus Tatius
Who created the first three tribes of Rome: Ramnes, Tities, Luceres
Romulus
Name the three tribes that Romulus created
Ramnes, Tities, Lucueres
Where was Titus Tatius murdered?
Lavinium
Romulus did not avenge Titus Tatius, instead allying with Lavinium after
After defeating what two cities did Rome sign a 100-year treaty with Veii?
Veii and Fidenae
Who created the “Celeres,” his personal 300-person cavalry bodyguard?
Romulus
What were the “Celeres?”
Romulus’ 300-person cavalry bodyguard
Who proclaimed Romulus’ was death due to supernatural events, and was a wise senator Romulus spoke to before his death?
Julius Proculus
Who was supposedly taken up to heaven in a storm, but more likely killed by his senators, or “Patres?”
Romulus
How long did Romulus rule?
753-717 BC
What king of Rome was a Sabine man born at Cures?
Numa Pompilius
Name the father of Numa Pompilius?
Pomponius
Where was Numa Pompilius born?
Cures
Numa Pompilius was a member of what tribe?
Sabines
Name the wife of Numa Pompilius, the daugher of Titus Tatius?
Tatia
Tatia was the wife of whom?
Numa Pompilius
Tatia’s father was…
Titus Tatius
Name the daugher of Numa Pompilius, whow as the mother of Ancus Marcius?
Pompilia
Pompilia was the daugher of whom?
Numa Pompilius
Pompilia was the mother of whom?
Ancus Marcius
What temple did Numa Pompilius build, whose doors were opened to signify war, and closed to signify peace in Rome?
Temple of Janus
The Temple of Janus was built by what King of Rome?
Numa Pompilius
Who divided the year into 12 months, thus fixing the calendar, by adding the months of January and February?
Numa Pompilius
What two months did Numa Pompilia add to the calendar, thus fixing it?
January and February
What king of Rome established the priestly colleges and flamines?
Numa Pompilius
Numa Pompilius established the flamines. Name the priest of Jupiter, Mars, and Quirinus within this group that Numa established.
Priest of Jupiter: Flamen Dialis
Priest of Mars: Flamen Martialis
Priest of Quirinus: Flamen Quirinalis
Who imported the cult of Vesta from Alba Longa?
Numa Pompilius
Numa Pompilius imported the cult of what god from Alba Longa?
Cult of Vesta
What king of Rome introduced the “salii,” the jumping priests of Mars Gradivus who caried sacred shields called “ancilia”
Numa Pompilius
How many salii were there?
12
The salii were priests of what god?
Mars Gradivus
Numa Pompilius established what college of priests, known as the jumping/dancing priests of Mars Gradivus?
Salii
What king of Rome consecrated a temple to Jupiter Elicius on the Aventine?
Numa Pompilius
Numa Pompilius consecrated a temple to what god on the Aventine Hill?
Jupiter Elicius
Where was the Temple of Jupiter Elicius consecrated?
Aventine
What king of Rome instituted an annual ceremony dedicated to trothkeeping?
Numa Pompilius
Numa Pompilius instituted an annual ceremony dedicated to what?
Trothkeeping
Who did Numa Pompilius appoint as pontifex maximus?
Numa Marcius
Numa Marcius was appointed to what position by Numa Pompilius?
Pontifex Maximus
Numa Marcius was appointed as pontifex maximus by what king of Rome?
Numa Pompilius
Numa Pompilius visited this nymph to get advice on how to rule?
Egeria
Egeria was visited by what king of Rome?
Numa Pompilius
When did Numa Pompilius rule Rome?
717-673 BC
What king of Rome was, similarly to Romulus, raised by shepherds?
Tullus Hostilius
What king of Rome was the grandson of Hostius Hostilius?
Tullus Hostilius
What king of Rome built the Curia Hostilia, Rome’s first senate house?
Tullus Hostilius
Tullus Hostilius built what structure, Rome’s first senate house?
Curia Hostilia (aka Curia)
Where did Tullus Hostilius defeat the Sabines?
Mantrap Wood
Tullus Hostilius defeated what tribe at Mantrap Wood?
Sabines
What king of Rome defeated the Sabines at Mantrap Wood?
Tullus Hostilius
Rome’s first war against what city was started by a series of reciprocal cattle raids?
Alba Longa
What king of Alba Longa did Tullus Hostilius fight against?
Cluilius
Cluilius was the KING of Alba Longa
Name the commander of Cluilius, who then succeeded him after his death
Mettius Fufettius
Whom did Tullus Hostilius have drawn and quartered?
Mettius Fufettius
Mettius Fufettius was drawn and quartered by whom?
Tullus Hostilius
Rome’s first battle with Alba Longa was represented by the fight between what two sets of triplets?
Horatii (Roman) and Curiatii (Alba Longan)
Who survived the battle between the Horatii and Curiatii?
Publius Horatius
Who did Publuis Horatius kill after the Horatii vs. Curiatii battle and why?
His sister Horatia; she wept for her fiancee, one of the Curiatii
Who was supposed to help Rome in its fight against Fidenae and Veii, but treacherously waited to see who would win?
Mettius Fufetius
Rome sacked and destroyed this city after its leader, Mettius Fufettius, angered Tullus Hostilius?
Alba Longa
What king of Rome died after being struck by a thunderbolt, due to performing the rites of Jupiter Elicius improperly?
Tullus Hostilius
Tullus Hostilius built his palace on what hill of Rome?
Caelian Hill
The Caelian Hill was the home of what king of Rome?
Tullus Hostilius
What god with what epithet struck down Tullus Hostilius with a thunderbolt, killing him?
Jupiter Elicius
When did Tullus Hostilius rule Rome?
673-641 BC
What king of Rome was the grandson of Numa Pompilius, and the son of Pompilius’ daughter, Pompilia?
Ancus Marcius
What king of Rome built the Pons Sublicius?
Ancus Marcius
Ancus Marcius built this bridge during his reign
Pons Sublicius
What king of Rome built the Tullianum, the infamous dungeon of the Mamertine
Ancus Marcius
Ancus Marcius built this infamous dungeon of the Mamertine (prison) during his reign
Tullianum
What king of Rome founded the port city of Ostia?
Ancus Marcius
Ancus Marcius founded this port city, constructing salt works there
Ostia
What king of Rome created the plebeian class?
Ancus Marcius
Ancus Marcius created this social class
Plebeians
What king of Rome added the Janiculum Hill to Rome
Ancus Marcius
Ancus Marcius added this hill to Rome
Janiculum
What king of Rome adoped the “ius fetiale” (a legal procedure for declaring war) from the Aequicolae tribe?
Ancus Marcius
Ancus Marcius adopted this legal procedure for declaring war from the Aequicolae tribe
Ius fetiale
From what tribe did Ancus Marcius adopt the “ius fetiale”
Aequicolae
Ancus Marcius adopted what priests of war?
Fetiales
The fetiales were priests of war of whom were created by what king of Rome?
Ancus Marcius
What king of Rome added the Maesian forest to Rome?
Ancus Marcius
Ancus Marcius added this forest to Rome, extending Roman holdings to the Mediterranean sea
Maesian Forest
How long did Ancus Marcius rule Rome?
640-616 BC
Who was Rome’s first Etruscan king?
Tarquinius Priscus
What king of Rome was the son of Demaratus of Corinth?
Tarquinius Priscus
Name Tarquinius Priscus’ (or Lucumo’s) father
Demaratus
Demaratus had come from what Greek city?
Corinth
What king of Rome was originally an important advisor to Ancus Marcius, but usurped the throne when he died after Marcius’ sons went on vacation?
Tarquinius Priscus
Tarquinius Priscus was of what ancient ethnicity?
Etruscan
What king of Rome was murdered by an axe blow from the sons of Ancus Marcius?
Tarquinius Priscus
Tarquinius Priscus was killed by the sons of what previous king of Rome?
Ancus Marcius
The sons of Ancus Marcius went into voluntary exile to what city after killing Tarquinius Priscus?
Suessia Pomitia
Name the wife of Tarquinius Priscus
Tanaquil
What omen did Tanaquil see on Priscus’ entry to Rome, leading her to predict how Priscus would become king?
An eagle flying around Tarquinius Priscus’ head and snatching his cap
Name the brother of Tarquinius Priscus who had a son, Egerius
Arruns
What son did Arruns (brother of Tarquinius Priscus) have before he died?
Egerius
Name the two sons of Tarquinius Priscus
Arruns and Lucius
What son of Tarquinius Priscus would later become the infamous Tarquinius Superbus?
Lucius
What king of Rome had the ORIGINAL idea for building a wall around the city, though it was actually built by his successor, Servius Tullius?
Tarquinius Priscus
Tarquinius Priscus had the original idea for building what sort of structure around Rome?
Wall
What king of Rome laid the foundations for the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus?
Tarquinius Priscus
Tarquinius Priscus laid the foundations for building what temple of Rome?
Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus
What king of Rome built the Cloaca Maxima after draining the forum?
Tarquinius Priscus
Tarquinius Priscus is responsible for draining what structure in Rome?
The Forum
After draining the Forum, Tarquinius Priscus built what structure in Rome?
Cloaca Maxima
Name the famous augur of Tarquinius Priscus
Attius Navius
Name the person who famously cut a whetson with a razor, causing Tarquinius Priscus to heed his advice in war?
Attius Navius
What was the feat Attius Navius pulled off to make Tarquinius Priscus listen to him?
Cut a whetstone with a razor
What king of Rome captured the town of Apiolae from the Latins?
Tarquinius Priscus
Tarquinius Priscus captured this town from the Latins?
Apiolae
Apiolae was captured by Tarquinius Priscus from what people in Italy
Latins
When did Tarquinius Priscus rule Rome?
616-579 BC
What king of Rome was the first to ever be made king without the consultation of the plebs?
Servius Tullius
Servius Tullius was the first to ever be made king without the consultation of what body of Rome?
The plebeians
In one version of his ascension, Tanaquil saw whose head burst into flames, after which she raised him as a prince
Servius Tullius
In another version of his ascension, who was the son of a prince of Corniculum, who shared his name?
Servius Tullius
Who made Servius Tullius king after Tarquinius Priscus died?
His wife, Tanaquil
Name the two daughers of Servius Tullius, who married Lucius and Arruns Tarquin (sons of Tarquinius Priscus)
Tullia Major and Tullia Minor
Name the wives of Lucius and Arruns Tarquin (sons of Tarquinius Priscus)
Lucius Tarquin: Tullia Major
Arruns Tarquin: Tullia Minor
Servius Tullis came to be associated with what Etruscan king?
Mastarna
The Etruscan king Mastarna was associated with what king of Rome?
Servius Tullius
What king of Rome took the first Roman census?
Servius Tullius
Servius Tullius is crediting with what invnetion, which consisted of dividng the people into 5 classes?
Census
What king of Rome is credited with dividing the city into four regions?
Servius Tullius
How many regions did Servius Tullius divide Rome into?
Four
What king of Rome added the Quirinal, Viminal, and Esquiline hills to the city?
Servius Tullius
Servius Tullius added what hills to Rome?
Quirinal, Viminal, Esquiline
On what hill did Servius Tullius live?
Esquiline Hill
What king of Rome lived on the Esquiline Hill?
Servius Tullius
What king of Rome built a famous wall around the city?
Servius Tullius
Servius Tullius built what type of structure around Rome?
Servian Wall
What king of Rome built a Temple to Diana on the Aventine Hill?
Servius Tullius
Servius Tullius built a temple to whom on the Aventine Hill?
Diana
Where was the Temple of Diana, as built by Servius Tullius, located?
Aventine Hill
Who conspired with Lucius Tarquin to kill Servius Tullius, killing her own sister in the process?
Tullia Minor
What king of Rome died by being run over by his daughter and Lucius Tarquin, on the Via Scelarata?
Servius Tullius
Where did Tullia Minor and Lucius Tarquin run Servius Tullius over?
Via Scelarata
Lucius Tarquinius Priscus was eventually renamed as what, the final king of Rome?
Tarquinius Superbus
How long did Servius Tullius rule for?
578-535 BC
What king of Rome ruled for 25 years?
Tarquinius Superbus
Name the son-in-law of Tarquinius Superbus, who then faught for the Latins against the Roman Republic at Lake Regillus
Mamillius Octavius
Name the father of Tarquinius Superbus?
Tarquinius Priscus
Tarquinius Superbus built the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus using the spoils from his conquest of what city?
This is also where the sons of Ancus Marcius went into exile
Suessia Pomitia
Tarquinius Superbus built what temple using the spoils from his conquest of Suessia Pomitia?
Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus
Where was the Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus located?
Capitoline Hill
The Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus was a place to worship what god(s)?
Capitole Triad: Jupiter, Juno, Minerva
What king of Rome framed Turnus Herdonius of Aricia, executing him as a “traitor”?
Tarquinius Superbus
Who was framed by Tarquinius Superbus at a meeting in the grove of Ferentia?
Turnus Herdonius
Turnus Herdonius was leader of what city?
Aricia
Where was Turnus Herdonius framed?
Grove of Ferentia
What city did Tarquinius Superbus sack, sending his son Sextus Tarquin there?
Gabii
Sextus Tarquin was sent to what city by his father, Tarquinius Superbus, to sack it?
Gabii
Name the famous nephew of Tarquinius Superbus who eventually became one of the first consuls of the Roman republic?
Lucius Iunius Brutus
Name Lucius Iunius Brutus’ uncle, the last king of Rome?
Tarquinius Superbus
Name Lucius Iunius Brutus’ mother, who was Tarquinius Superbus’ sister?
Tarquinia
Name the three sons of Tarquinius Superbus
Sextus, Titus, Arruns
What “omen” did Tarquinius Superbus see, causing him to send Brutus with his sons Titus and Arruns to the Cumean Sibyl?
A snake coming out of a crack in a pillar in the palace
What Rutulian city did Tarquinius Superbus besiege?
Ardea
Ardea was a Rutulian city beseiged by what king of Rome?
Tarquinius Superbus
What famous set of books did Tarquinius Superbus obtain, but only after the Cumean Sibyl burnt some of them?
Sibylline Books
The Sibyline Books were bought by what king of Rome?
Tarquinius Superbus
After the Rape of Lucretia, where was Tarquinius Superbus exiled?
Caere
Tarquinius Superbus was exiled to Caere with what two sons of his?
Titus and Arruns
Where was Sextus Tarquin exiled after the Rape of Lucretia?
Gabii
At whose court does Tarquinius Superbus die?
Aristodemus of Cumae
In what city does Tarquinius Superbus die?
Cumae
What king of Rome began a 200 year long war against the Volscians?
Tarquinius Superbus
Tarquinius Superbus began a 200 year long war against what people?
The Volscians
How long did Tarquinius Superbus rule Rome?
535-510/509 BC
What was the deified name of Romulus’ wife, Hersilia?
Hora
Hora was the deified name of what woman, the wife of Romulus?
Hersilia
What was the deified name of Romulus?
Quirinus
Quirinus was the deified name of what Roman king?
Romulus
Where was the body of Romulus buried?
A tomb called the Lapis Niger
What Roman king was buried in a tomb called the Lapis Niger after his death?
Romulus
Name the son of Numa Pompilius, who founded the Gens Calpurnia
Calpus
Calpus was the son of what Roman king?
Numa Pompilius
What gens did Calpus, the son of Numa Pompilius, found?
Gens Calpurnia
What king of Rome lived in the Regia, which would later be the residence of the pontifex maximus?
Numa Pompilius
Where did Numa Pompilius live during his reign, the eventual residence of the pontifex maximus?
Regia
Men holding what office would eventually live in the Regia?
Pontifex Maximus
Where would the pontifex maximus live in Rome?
Regia
What king of Rome instituted the lawful and unlawful days (fas and nefas) for conducting business?
Numa Pompilius
What was the Latin term for the lawful and unlawful days for conducting business that Numa Pompilius established?
Fas = Lawful
Nefas = Unlawful
Where would Numa Pompilius meet Egeria to get her advice?
Palatine Hill
What was the punishment endured by Publius Horatius after he killed his sister?
Having to bow under the yolk
Who had to bow under the yolk after he killed his sister, Horatia, for weeping for one of the slain Curatii triplets of Alba Longa?
Publius Horatius
What king of Rome built the Quirites trench?
Ancus Marcius
What did Ancus Marcius build, a trench that ran parallel to the Tiber River?
Quirites Trench
What king of Rome built the Circus Maximus?
Tarquinius Priscus
What structure was built by Tarquinius Priscus, said to have seated 250,000 people?
Circus Maximus
What structure of Rome seated 250,000 people?
Circus Maximus
What king of Rome added 100 senatorial seats known as the minors gentes?
Tarquinius Priscus
The 100 senatorial seats added by Tarquinius Priscus was known as what?
Minors Gentes
What were the minors gentes?
The 100 senatorial seats added by Tarquinius Priscus
According to some accounts, what king of Rome was the son of Ocrisia?
Servius Tulius
Name the mother of Servius Tullius according to some, a princess of Corniculum
Ocrisia
What was Servius Tullius the prince of according to some?
Corniculum
What was the Servian Wall made of?
Tufa
The wall of what king was made from the local material of Tufa?
Servius Tullius
After seeing a snake come out of a pillar, where does Tarquinius Superbus send L. Iunius Brutus, Sextus Tarquin, and Arruns Tarquin?
Oracle at Delphi
Name the 3 people Tarquinius Superbus sends to the Oracle at Delphi after seeing a snake come out of a pillar
Lucius Iunius Brutus, Sextus Tarquin, and Arruns Tarquin
What does the Oracle at Delphi tell Buruts, Sextus, and Arruns Tarquin?
The next ruler of Rome will be the first of the three men to kiss their mother
Who tells Brutus, Sextus, and Arruns Tarquin the next ruler of Rome will be the first of the three ment ot kiss their mother?
Oracle at Delphi
What does Brutus do upon hearing the prophecy at the Oracle at Delphi?
Kisses the mother Earth
Who kisses the mother Earth after hearing the prophecy of Rome’s next ruler at the Oracle at Delphi?
Lucius Iunius Brutus
On what hill were the Sibylline Books stored after Tarquinius Superbus bought them?
Capitoline Hill
Give the Latin term for the group of people that protected the Sibylline Books
Quindecimviri
The quindecimviri protected what objects on the Captioline Hill?
Sibylline Books
Who was Rome’s first pontifex maximus?
Numa Marcius
Numa Marcius was the first Roman to hold what position?
Pontifex Maximus
Where did Sextus Tarquin rape Lucretia?
Collatia
What infamous event happened at Collatia, essentially leading to the end of the Monarchy?
Rape of Lucretia
Tarquinius Priscus had his nephew, Egerius, hold what city?
Collatia
Collatia was held by what man, the nephew of Tarquinius Priscus, during his reign?
Egerius
What Roman king established the lictores, having 12 follow him around?
Romulus
What position was founded by Romulus, which would be known for carrying the fasces and following around holders of political offices?
Lictores
What Roman king divided the city populous into 30 curiae?
Romulus
How many curiae did Romulus divide the city Rome into?
30
Near what site did Publius Horatius kill his sister for mourning one of the Curiatii?
Porta Capena
What sole-survivor of a war against Alba Longa, killed his sister near the Porta Capena for mourning one of the Curatii?
Publius Horatius
What Roman king introduced coinage into Rome?
Servius Tullius
What did Sextus Tarquin threaten he would do if Lucretia didn’t give into his sexual advances?
He would kill her and a slave, placing their bodies together. Then he would claim to others he’d caught them having adulterous sex
