509 - 241 BC Flashcards
What king of Clusium attacked Rome after Tarquinius Superbus was expelled?
Lars Porsenna
Lars Porsenna was king of what Etruscan city?
Clusium
What battle was in 496 BC?
Lake Regillus
When was the Battle of Lake Regillus?
496 BC
Name the Roman and enemy commanders in the Battle of Lake Regillus
Roman: Dictator Aulus Postumius
Latin: Tarquinius Superbus and Mamillius Octavius of Tusculum (Superbus’ son-in-law)
Mamillius Octavius of Tusculum led what confederation in Italy?
Latin League
The Latin League was led by what son-in-law of Tarquinius Superbus in the Battle of Lake Regillus?
Mamillius Octavius
What gods supposedly intervened in the Battle of Lake Regillus, causing the Roman commander Aulus Postumius to built a forum in their honor?
Dioscuri; Castor and Pollux
After the Battle of Lake Regillus, what treaty was drawn between the Romans and Latins?
Foedus Cassianum
Who wrote up the “Foedus Cassianum”, a treaty between the Romans and Latins following the Battle of Lake Regillus?
Spurius Cassius
When was the “foedus Cassianum” negotiated and signed?
493 BC
What battle was in 479 BC?
Battle of the Cremera
When was the Battle of the Cremera?
479 BC
The massacre of what “gens” by the Veientes occured at the Battle of the Cremera in 479 BC?
The Fabii
How many Fabii were massacred at the Battle of the Cremera? How many were left?
306; 1 Fabius was left
Name the one member of the gens Fabius that survived the Battle of the Cremera?
Fabius Vibulanus
When was the Battle of Mount Algidus?
458 BC
What battle was in 458 BC?
Mount Algidus
Name the Roman commander and enemy tribe at the Battle of Mount Algidus?
Roman: Dictator Cincinnatus
Enemy tribe: Aequi
What Roman is called from his plow to become dictator, and save Minucius Esquilinus at the Battle of Mount Algidus?
Cincinnatus
Cincinnatus saves who at the Battle of Mount Algidus from the Aequi tribe?
Minucius Esquilinus
What famous dictator of Rome gives up his dictatorship after 16 days?
Cincinnatus
When does Rome take Fidenae?
426 BC
In 426 BC, what city is taken by Rome?
Fidenae
Name the Roman who took Fidenae in 426 BC, and the opposing king of Veii who lost it
Roman: Aulus Cornelius Cossus
King of Veii: Tolumnius
Who gained the second “spolia opima” in Roman history?
Aulus Cornelius Cossus
Tolumnius was the king of what city?
Veii
How long was the siege of Veii?
10 years; 406-396 BC
Who was responsible for the siege of Veii?
Marcus Furius Camillus
When was the Battle of Veii?
396 BC
What battle was in 396 BC, after a 10-year long siege of the city?
Veii
Name the Roman commander who won at the Battle of Veii in 396 BC
Marcus Furius Camillus
After winning at Veii, what nickname was given to Camillus?
The Second Founder of Rome
For his triumph at Veii, what color in the likeness of what god is Camillus painted as?
Red like Jupiter
After taking Veii, what city does Camillus take in 395 BC next?
Falerii
Falerii and Veii were both taken by what famous Roman commander?
Marcus Furius Camillus
After taking Falerii, what happened to Camillus when he didn’t get any money?
He was accused of embezzlement and exiled to Ardea
Who was accused of embezzlement and exiled to Ardea after taking both Falerii and Veii?
Camillus
Where was Camillus exiled, and for what reason?
Ardea; for being accused of embezzlemnt
How many times was Camillus dictator?
5
Name the famous 5-time dictator of Rome?
Camillus
When was the Battle of Allia River?
390 BC
What battle was in 390 BC?
Battle of Allia River
Name the enemy commander and tribe that defeated the Romans at the Battle of Allia River?
Brennus of the Senonian Gauls
Brennus defetaed the Romans at what battle?
Battle of Allia River
After the Battle of Allia River, who is warned by Juno’s sacred geese of a Gallic seige of the Capitoline?
Marcus Manlius Capitolinus
What animals of what god alert Marcus Manlius Capitolinus about the seige of the Capitol?
Juno’s geese
On what hill did Juno’s sacred geese warn Marcus Manlius Capitolinus about a Gallic siege?
Capitoline
What famous phrase does Brennus utter to the Roman’s quams about ransom pay?
“Vae victis!” - Woe to the conquered!
What city provided refuge for the Vestal Virgins of Rome during Brennus’ attack?
Caere
What city helped pay the Brennus’ ransom, thus earning private rights of citizenship with Rome?
Massilia
Name the first Roman “municipium,” established in 381 BC?
Tusculum
Tusculum was the first of what to be established?
“Municipium” (municipality)
When did Tusculum become the first Roman “municipium?”
381 BC
When does Rome conquer Velitrae?
370 BC
What city is conquered in 370 BC?
Velitrae
What law(s) are established in 367 BC?
Licinio-Sextian Laws
When were the Licinio-Sextian Laws established?
367 BC
Name the two purposes of the Licinio-Sextian laws?
1: Restore the consulship and make sure one consul is a plebeian
2: Land regulations for newly acquired territories
What Roman historian reported that Rome entered a treaty with Carthage in 509 BC?
Polybius
Polybius reported that Rome entered a treaty with what city in 509 BC?
Carthage
Polybius reported that Rome entered a treaty with Carthage in what year, the start of the Roman republic?
509 BC
When was the First Samnite War?
343-341 BC
An attack on what group of people in what city was the “inter bellum” of the First Samnite War?
Sidicine in Capua
What battle was in 342 BC?
Battle of Mount Garus
When was the Battle of Mount Garus?
342 BC
In what battle did the dictator Valerius Corvus defeat an enormous Gaul in combat with the help of a raven?
Battle of Mount Garus
Who was the Roman dictator that won at Mount Garus, defeating an enormous Gaul in combat with the help of a raven?
Valerius Corvus
Valerius Corvus was able to defeat an enormous Gaul at the Battle of Mount Garus with the help of what animal?
Raven
As a result of the Battle of Mount Garus, Carthage sent what to Rome in congratulations?
A golden crown
Where was the golden crown, as gifted by Carthage after the Battle of Mount Garus, placed?
Temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus
Who gifted Rome a golden crown after Corvus’ victory at the Battle of Mount Garus?
Carthage
When was the Great Latin War?
340-338 BC
What war was from 343-341 BC?
First Samnite War
What war was from 340-338 BC?
Great Latin War
Name the three tribes that Rome fought against in the Great Latin War?
Latins, Campanians, Volscians
When was the battle of Vesuvius?
339 BC
What battle was in 339 BC?
Battle of Vesuvius
Name the two Roman consuls at the Battle of Vesuvius
Publius Decimus Mus, Manlius Imperiosus Torquatus
What ritual sacrifice did seperate Decius Mus’ commit at three different battles in Roman history?
Devotio (where a Roman commander charges straight into enemy lines)
When was the battle of Antium?
338 BC
What battle was in 338 BC?
Battle of Antium
Name the Roman consul that defeated the Latins at the battle of Antium?
Maenius
Maenius defeated the Latins at what battle in 338 BC?
Battle of Antium
Publius Decimus Mus and Manlius Imperiousus Torquatus defeated the Latins at what battle in 339 BC?
Battle of Vesuvius
At what battle were the prows of destroyed enemy ships brought back to Rome, becoming the foundations of the “rostra?”
Antium
The battle of Antium provided the prows for founding what speaking platform in Rome?
Rostra
When was the Second/Great Samnite War?
327-304 BC
What war was from 327-304 BC?
Second (Great) Samnite War
The Samnites siezing of what city was the “inter bellum” for the Second Samnite War?
Neapolis (Naples)
An attack by the Samnites on Naples started what war?
Second Samnite War
An attack by the Samnites on the Sidicini of Capua started what war?
First Samnite War
When was the battle of Caudine Forks?
321 BC
What battle was in 321 BC?
Battle of Caudine Forks
Name the Roman consuls and Samnite commander at the battle of Caudine Forks
Roman: Spurius Postumius Albinus, Veturius Calvinus
Samnite: Gavius Pontius
Where did Gavius Pontius defeat Spurius Postumius Albinus and Veturius Calvinus?
Caudine Forks
At what famous battle were Romans forced to go under the yoke?
Battle of Caudine Forks
Name the father of Gavius Pontius, who advised him in the Battle of Caudine Forks
Herennius
Name the son of Herennius Pontius, who was the Samnite commander at Caudine Forks
Gavius Pontius
After the defeat at Caudine Forks, what Roman takes command against the Samnites as a dictator?
Lucius Papirius Cursor
Lucius Papirius Cursor was elected dictator after what disastrous defeat?
Battle of Caudine Forks
What Roman was dictator twice, censor once, and consul five times, like his colleague Fabius Rullianus?
Lucius Papirius Cursor
When was the battle of Lautulae?
315 BC
What battle was in 315 BC?
Battle of Lautulae
Name the Roman commander who was defeated at Lautulae
Fabius Rullianus
Fabius Rullianus was defeated in Rome’s second major disaster of the Great Samnite War in what battle?
Lautulae
When was the 1st battle of Lake Vadimo?
310 BC
What battle was in 310 BC?
1st Battle of Lake Vadimo
Name the two Roman commanders (one a dictator, one a consul) who defeated the Etruscan League at the 1st Battle of Lake Vadimo?
Lucius Papirius Cursor and Fabius Rullianus
At Lake Vadimo, who was defeated decisively?
Etruscan League
At what battle did Paprius Cursor and Fabius Rullianus defeat the Etruscan League?
Lake Vadimo
When was the battle of Bovianum?
305 BC
What battle was in 305 BC?
Battle of Bovianum
Name the decisive battle of the Second Samnite War, won by the Romans
Battle of Bovianum
The Battle of Bovianum ended what war?
Second (Great) Samnite War
When was the Third Samnite War?
298-290 BC
What four tribes do the Romans fight against in the 3rd Samnite War?
Etruscans, Umbrians, Gauls, Samnites
What war was from 298-290 BC?
Third Samnite War
When was the Battle of Camerinum?
298 BC
What battle was in 298 BC?
Battle of Camerinum
Name the first battle of the 3rd Samnite War?
Battle of Camerinum
The battle of Camerinum was the first battle of what war?
3rd Samnite War
Name the Roman consul and commander at the Battle of Camerinum
Scipio Barbatus
Scipio Barbatus was the Roman commander at what battle?
Battle of Camerinum
What battle was in 295 BC?
Battle of Sentinum
Name the Roman and Samnite commander(s) at the Battle of Sentinum
Roman: Publius Decius Mus, Fabius Rullianus
Samnite: Egnatius Gellius
Name the Roman who redeems himself at the battle of Sentinum, after the disaster at Lautulae
Fabius Rullianus
Fabius Rullianus and Publius Decius Mus were commanders at what pivotal Roman battle?
Battle of Sentinum
When was the battle of Aquilonia?
293 BC
What battle was in 293 BC?
Battle of Aquilonia
What battle essentially ended the Samnite war after Sentinum?
Battle of Aquilonia
The Battle of Aquilonia ended what war after the battle of Sentinum?
3rd Samnite War
When was the battle of Arretium?
284 BC
What battle was in 284 BC?
Battle of Arretium
Name the enemy tribe and commander at the Battle of Arretium
Gallic Senones, led by Britomaris
Britomaris led the Gallic Senones at what Roman battle?
Battle of Arretium
When was the battle of Populonia?
282 BC
What battle was in 282 BC?
Battle of Populonia
In what battle did Rome end Etruscan resistance to being ruled?
Battle of Populonia
In this battle the Romans permenantly put the Etruscans under its wings
Battle of Populonia
When was the Pyrrhic War?
280-275 BC
What war was from 280-275 BC?
Pyrrhic War
Rome was helping what ally when they crossed Tarentum’s borders, starting the Pyrrhic war?
Thurii
When Rome was helping Thurii, they had to cross Tarentum’s borders, starting what war?
Pyrrhic War
Rome’s crossing of what city’s borders started the Pyrrhic War?
Tarentum
Rome’s crossing of Tarentum’s borders started what war?
Pyrrhic War
What two Roman naval commanders are killed by the Tarentine’s very first attack, after Rome crossed into their borders?
Lucius Valerius, Publius Cornelius Dolabella
Valerius and Dolabella are killed by the troops of what city, after they trespassed onto its borders?
Tarentum
Tarentum gets the help of what king from what country, starting the Pyrrhic War?
Pyrrhus of Epirus
Pyrrhus of Epirus was sought by what city, starting the Pyrrhic War?
Tarentum
When was the battle of Heraclea?
280 BC
What battle was in 280 BC?
Heraclea
Name the Roman and enemy consuls at the Battle of Heraclea
Roman: Valerius Laevinus
Enemy: Pyrrhus of Epirus
Laevinus faced off against Pyrrhus in what Roman battle?
Battle of Heraclea
In what battle did Pyrrhus first use his war elephants, getting his very first victory?
Battle of Heraclea
Name the first battle of the Pyrrhic war, which Pyrrhus wins
Battle of Heraclea
When was the battle of Asculum?
279 BC
What battle was in 279 BC?
Battle of Asculum
At what battle does Pyrrhus famously say “one more such victory and we shall be undone”?
Battle of Asculum
Asculum is on what famous Roman Road, halfway between Rome and Brundisium?
Via Appia
Name the Roman commander who commited “devotio” at the Battle of Asculum
Decius Mus
Decius Mus faced off against Pyrrhus during what battle?
Battle of Asculum
Name the three battles that respective Decius Mus’ all committed “devotio” in (with respective dates, too)
Battle of Vesuvius (339 BC)
Battle of Sentinum (295 BC)
Battle of Asculum (279 BC)
The Battles of Vesuvius, Sentinum, and Asculum all had what commander performing what ritual?
Decius Mus, devotio
What battle was in 275 BC?
Battle of Beneventum
When was the battle of Beneventum?
275 BC
Name the consul who decisively defeats Pyrrhus at the Battle of Beneventum
Curius Dentatus
Curius Dentatus decisively defeats Pyrrhus at what battle?
Battle of Beneventum
What region is Beneventum located?
Campania
Curius Dentatus changed this city’s name TO Beneventum after defeating Pyrrhus there
Maleventum
When is the First Punic War?
264-241 BC
What war was from 264-241 BC?
First Punic War
Who originially hired the Mamertines to take over Messana?
Agathocles of Syracuse
Agathocles was tyrant of what city?
Syracuse
Agathocles of Syracuse hired what group to take over Messana?
Mamertines
After what dictator besieged Messana did the Mamertines call CARTHAGE for help?
Hiero II
When Hiero II besieged Messana, what group called on Carthage for help?
Mamertines
After Carthage had overstayed their welcome in Messana, what group did the Mamertines call on?
Romans
The Romans were called on to help the Mamertines after what city had overstayed their welcome?
Carthage
What consul persuaded the Romans to help the Mamertines?
Appius Claudius Caecus (grandson of the famous one)
Appius Claudius Caecus persuaded the Romans to help what group of people?
Mamertines
What commander was the first to send Roman forces to Messana?
Appius Claudius Caudex
Appius Claudius Caudex was the first to send Roman forces to what city?
Messana
Name the consul who came to Messana in 263 BC after Caudex, relieving Messana
Corvinus Messala
Corvinus Messala came to what city in 263 BC, relieving it from Carthaginian forces?
Messana
What Roman is said to have brought the first sundial to Rome?
Corvinus Messala
Corvinus Messala is said to have brought the first of what item to Rome?
Sundial
When was the battle of Agrigentum?
262 BC
What battle was in 261 BC?
Battle of Agrigentum
Name the Carthaginian commander(s) at the Battle of Agrigentum
Hanno the Great, Hannibal Gisgo
Hanno the Great and Hannibal Gisgo were defeated at what Roman battle?
Battle of Agrigentum
What battle was in 260 BC before Mylae?
Battle of the Lipari Islands
When was the battle of the Lipari Islands?
260 BC
What Roman consul was defeated at the Lipari Islands, getting his humiliating agnomen from the ambush?
Scipio ASINA
Scipio Asina was commander at what battle, where he was ambushed at sea by the Carthaginians?
Battle of the Lipari Islands
When was the Battle of Mylae?
260 BC
What naval battle was in 260 BC?
Battle of Mylae
Name the Roman and enemy commanders at the Battle of Mylae?
Roman: Gaius Duilius
Carthaginian: Hannibal Gisgo
At what naval battle was Hannibal Gisgo defeated by Gaius Duillius?
Battle of Mylae
What was the first naval victory in Roman history?
Battle of Mylae
The Battle of Mylae was the first of what type of victory in Roman history?
Naval victory
Gaius Duillius used what structure for the first time to win at Mylae?
Corvus
In what battle was the “corvus” first used?
Battle of Mylae
What battle was in 258 BC?
Battle of Sulci
The Battle of Sulci was in what year?
258 BC
What battle was in 257 BC?
Battle of Tyndaris
When was the Battle of Tyndaris?
257 BC
Name the Roman commander who is victorious at the Battle of Tyndaris
Regulus
Regulus is victorious at what battle, after which Hiero II becomes Rome’s ally?
Battle of Tyndaris
After the Battle of Tyndaris, who becomes Rome’s ally?
Hiero II
When was the battle of Cape Ecnomus?
256 BC
What battle was in 256 BC?
Battle of Cape Ecnomus
Name the Roman and Carthaginian commander(s) at the Battle of Cape Ecnomus?
Roman: Regulus, Manlius Vulso
Carthaginian: Hamilcar, Hanno the Great
At what battle are Hamilcar and Hanno the Great defeated by Regulus and Manlius Vulso?
Battle of Cape Ecnomus
After what battle is Rome allowed access to Africa?
Battle of Cape Ecnomus
After the Battle of Cape Ecnomus, Rome is able to access what country?
Africa
When was the battle of Adys?
255 BC
What battle was in 255 BC (before 1st battle of Bagradas Valley)?
Battle of Adys
Name the Roman victor at the Battle of Adys?
Regulus
When was the 1st battle of Tunis/Bagradas Valley?
255 BC
What battle was in 255 BC (in between Adys and Cape Hermaeum)?
1st Battle of Tunis/Bagradas Valley
Name the Roman and enemy commander(s) at the 1st Battle of Tunis/Bagradas Valley
Roman: Regulus
Enemy (Spartan): Xanthippus
Xanthippus was of what ethnicity?
Spartan
What Spartan mercenary was hired by the Carthaginians in the 1st Punic War?
Xanthippus
Who is captured at the 1st Battle of Tunis/Bagradas Valley?
Regulus
Regulus is captured at what battle?
1st Battle of Tunis/Bagradas Valley
What consul is sent to Rome after being captured by the Carthaginians, where he tells them to keep fighting? He is then executed by being rolled down a hill in a spiked barrel.
Regulus
How is Regulus assassinated?
Rolled down a hill in a barrel with spikes on the inside
Who was exectued by being rolled down a hill in a barrel with spikes on the inside?
Regulus
When was the battle of Panormus?
NOT the capture of Panormus, which was earlier
250 BC
What battle was in 250 BC?
Battle of Panormus
After what battle does Carthage mostly abandon all resistance on land?
Battle of Panormus
After the Battle of Panormus, what does Carthage do?
Mostly abandon all resistance on land
When was the battle of Drepana?
249 BC
What battle was in 249 BC first, before Cape Passaro?
Battle of Drepana
Name the Roman and Carthaginian commanders at the Battle of Drepana
Roman: Claudius Pulcher, Iunius Paullus
Carthaginian: Adherbal, Hamilcar Barca
Claudius Pulcher and Iunius Paullus are defeated by Adherbal (and maybe Hamilcar Barca) at what Roman defeat?
Battle of Drepana
What animals of what god did Claudius Pulcher famously not listen to at the Battle of Drepana?
Juno’s sacred chickens
What Roman consul didn’t listen to Juno’s sacred chickens at the Battle of Drepana?
Claudius Pulcher
What Roman commander famously uttered “let them drink if they won’t eat” at the Battle of Drepana?
Claudius Pulcher
What phrase did Claudius Pulcher famously shout to Juno’s sacred geese at the Battle of Drepana?
“let them drink if they won’t eat”
Who became dictator of Rome after the disaster at Drepana?
Aulus Atilius Calatinus
Aulus Atilius Calatinus became dictator of Rome after what Roman defeat?
Battle of Drepana
What battle was in 241 BC?
Battle of Aegates Islands
When was the Battle of Aegates Islands?
241 BC
Name the Roman and Carthaginian commander(s) at the Battle of Aegates Islands
Roman: Lutatius Catulus, Valerius Falto
Carthaginian: Hanno the Great
Catulus and Falto defeate Hanno the Great at what battle?
Battle of Aegates Islands
Name the decisive Roman victory of the 1st Punic War?
Battle of Aegates Islands
The Battle of Aegates Islands was the decisive victory of what war?
1st Punic War
L. Brutus, Collatinus, Publicola, Pulvillus, and Tricipitinus were all consuls of what year?
509 BC
How many consuls were there in 509 BC?
5
Name the 5 consuls of 509 BC?
Lucius Iunius Brutus, Tarquinius Collatinus, Publius Valerius Publicola, Marcus Horatius Pulvillus, Spurius Lucretius Tricipitinus
Who executed his sons after they conspired to bring back Tarquinius Superbus?
Lucius Iunius Brutus
Who did L. Brutus execute because they were conspiring to bring back Tarquinius Superbus?
His children
Who retired from the consulship of 509 BC to Lavinium because of his familial relationship with the Tarquins?
Tarquinius Collatinus
Where did Collatinus retire after giving up his consulship?
Lavinium
In what year did Collatinus give up his consulship?
509 BC
Why did Collatinus give up his consulship in 509 BC?
Because of his familial relationship to the Tarquins
Who took over as consul in 509 BC after Collatinus?
Publius Valerius Publicola
Publicola took over as consul in 509 BC after what man stepped down?
Tarquinius Collatinus
At what battle is Lucius Iunius Brutus killed while fighting against Arruns Tarquin in 509 BC?
Battle of Silvia Arsia
When was the battle of Silvia Arsia?
509 BC
What battle was in 509 BC, featuring the death of Lucius Iunius Brutus?
Battle of Silvia Arsia
Name the victors and losers at the Battle of Silvia Arsia in 509 BC
Victor: Lucius Iunius Brutus (at the cost of his death)
Loser: Arruns Tarquin
Who is said to have banned the use of iron weapons after he captured the city of Rome in 508 BC?
Lars Porsenna
After he captured Rome in 508 BC, what did Lars Porsenna ban?
The use of iron weapons
When was the Battle of Aricia
506 BC
What battle was in 506 BC?
Battle of Aricia
Name the victors and losers at Aricia in 506 BC
Victor: Aristodemus of Cumae
Loser: Arruns Tarquin (led the Etruscans), Lars Porsenna
At what battle was Arruns Tarquin, Lars Porsenna, and the Etruscans defeated by Aristodemus of Cumae in 506 BC?
Battle of Aricia
Who migrated to Rome in 504 BC, founding the Gens Claudia?
Appius Claudius Sabinus Inregillensis
Ap. Claudius Sabinus Inregillensis founded what gens in 504 BC, when he migrated to Rome?
Gens Claudia
When did the founder of the Gens Claudia, Ap. Claudius Sabinus Inregillensis, migrate to Rome?
504 BC
Name the consul of 503 BC that was awarded a triumph for defeating the Sabines
Menenius Agrippa
When was Menenius Agrippa consul?
503 BC
Menenius Agrippa was awarded a triumph during his consulship of 503 BC for defeating what tribe?
Sabines
Who defeated the Sabines in 503 BC, the year of his consulship, thus earning a triumph?
Menenius Agrippa
What battle gave Rome control of Latium, ending any hope for Tarqinius Superbus to regain the throne in 496 BC?
Battle of Lake Regillus
The Battle of Lake Regillus gave Rome full control over what region of Italy?
Latium
Who earned the corona civica at the Battle of Lake Regillus in 496 BC?
Gnaeus Marcius Coriolanus
What did Coriolanus earn at the Battle of Lake Regillus in 496 BC?
Corona Civica
Where did Coriolaus earn the corona civica in 496 BC?
Lake Regillus
A man of what gens had his beard turned red by the Dioscuri at Lake Regillus in 496 BC, hence his cognomen Ahenobarbus?
Gens Domitia
How did a man of the Gens Domitia earn the cognomen Ahenobarbus at Lake Regillus in 496 BC?
The Dioscuri touched his beard, turning it red, hence the name
Who touched a man of the Gens Domitia, turning his beard red, hence his new cognomen Ahenobarbus?
Castor and Pollux; the Dioscuri
Name Rome’s dictator at Lake Regillus in 496 BC?
Aulus Postumius Albinus
A. Postumius Albinus was the first to hold what office in 496 BC?
Dictator
Who built a Temple to Castor and Pollux after his victory at Lake Regillus in 496 BC?
Aulus Postumius Albinus
A. Postumius Albinus built a temple to what deity after his victory at Lake Regillus in 496 BC?
Castor and Pollux; the Dioscuri
When was the 1st Secession of the Plebeians?
494 BC
Which secession of the plebeians was in 494 BC?
1st
Where did the plebeians secede to in 494 BC, the 1st secession?
Mons Sacer
During what secession of the plebeians, in what year, do they secede to the Mons Sacer?
1st Secession - 494 BC
Who gets the plebeians to return back to Rome from the Mons Sacer by telling an analogy of the body, in 494 BC?
Menenius Agrippa
How does Menenius Agrippa get the plebeians to return back to Rome from the Mons Sacer in 494 BC?
Telling an analogy of the body
During which secession of the plebeians does Menenius Agrippa tell an analogy of the body to the plebeians on the Mons Sacer, convincing them to return in 494 BC?
1st Secession of the Plebeians (494 BC)
As a result of which secession of the plebeians was the Lex Sacrata, Lex Publilia Voleronis, and tribune of the plebeians created?
1st Secession of the Plebeians (494 BC)
What office was created as a direct result of the 1st Secession of the Plebeians in 494 BC, being ratitifed right after?
Tribune (of the plebeians)
When was the Lex Publilia Voleronis ratified?
471 BC
What law was ratified in 471 BC?
Lex Publilia Voleronis
The Lex Publilia Voleronis was ratified in 471 BC as a result of which secession of the plebeians?
1st Secession of the Plebeians (494 BC)
Who earned his agnomen while besieging the Volscian city of Corioli?
Gnaeus Marcius Coriolanus
Where did Coriolanus earn his agnomen, a city in Volscii?
Corioli
Who marched on Rome in 491 BC, but was stopped by his mother Veturia and wife Volumnia?
Gnaeus Marcius Coriolanus
When did Coriolanus march on Rome?
491 BC
Who stopped Coriolanus’ march on Rome in 491 BC?
His mother Veturia, and wife Volumnia
What did the Lex Publilia Voleronis do?
Legalized the existence of the Tribune of the Plebeians
What law formally legalized the existence of the Tribune of the Plebeians?
Lex Publilia Voleronis
Name the consul of 460 BC who later saved Minucius Esquilinus at Mt. Algidus?
Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus
When was Cincinnatus consul?
460 BC
Name the son of Cincinnatus, who forced him to live in a small farm because of his reckless spending habits
Caeso
Name the father of Caeso, consul of 460 BC
Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus
What dictator of Rome was named for his curly hair?
Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus
What did Cincinnatus’ name tell about his physical appearance?
How he had curly hair
Who was made dictator for the 2nd time in 439 BC to put down the conspiracy of Spurius Maelius?
Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus
Give the years of Cincinnatus’ 2 dictatorships
458 BC, 439 BC
Who was dictator in 439 BC, and more famously 458 BC?
Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus
Cincinnatus was made dictator in 439 BC to put down a conspiracy led by who?
Spurius Maelius
The conspiracy of Spurius Maelius was put down by what Roman dictator in 439 BC?
Lucius Quinctius Cincinnatus
What group was created to write all laws into stone, due to the demanding of Terentilius Harsa?
Decemviri
Due to whose demanding was the Decemviri created?
Terentilius Harsa
When were the Twelve Tables completed?
450 BC
What set of Roman law was finished in 450 BC?
Twelve Tables
Give the Latin term for the Twelve Tables
Lex Duodecim Tabularum
What Roman law was known as the Lex Duodecim Tabularum?
Twelve Tables
Who was the only member of the Decemviri of both 451 and 450 BC?
Appius Claudius
Appius Claudius was the only member of both versions of what group in 451 and 450 BC?
Decemviri
The attempted rape of what woman resulted in the downfall of the Decemviri?
Verginia
The attempted rape of Verginia resulted in the downfall of what group?
Decemviri
Name the two consuls of 449 BC
Lucius Valerius Potitus, Marcus Horatius Barbatus
Think of the Valerio-Horation Laws, also 449 BC
Valerius Potitus and Horatius Barbatus were consuls of what year?
449 BC
When was the Lex Valeria Horatia passed?
449 BC
What law was passed in 449 BC?
Lex Valeria Horatia
When was the 2nd secession of the plebeians?
449 BC
What secession of the plebeians was in 449 BC?
2nd Secession of the Plebeians
When was the Lex Canuleia passed?
445 BC
What law was passed in 445 BC?
Lex Canuleia
What did the Lex Canuleia do?
Allowed patricians to marry plebeians
What law of 445 BC allowed patricians to marry plebeians?
Lex Canuleia
What office was created in 443 BC?
Censor
When was the office of censor created?
443 BC
During what period of time did the military tribune replace the consuls?
444-367 BC
The Lex Licinia-Sextia (367 BC) brings back the consulship
When is military pay first introduced in Roman history?
396 BC
What aspect of the military is first introduced in 396 BC, after the Siege of Veii?
Military Pay
When does Camillus capture Falerii?
395 BC
The capture of what city is being described here:
“One night a school teacher sneaks out of the gates, offering to kidnap the children of the city for Camillus, who could hold them in ransom. Camillus staunchly refuses, and has the teacher killed. The city was so grateful they surrendered without a fight.”
Falerii
Describe the general story of how Falerii was captured without a fight by Camillus in 395 BC
One night a school teacher sneaks out of the gates, offering to kidnap the children of the city for Camillus, who could hold them in ransom. Camillus staunchly refuses, and has the teacher killed. The city was so grateful they surrendered without a fight
In honor of her sacred geese alerting Manlius Capitolinus, a temple to who is dedicated?
Temple to Juno Moneta
Where does Camillus decisively defeat Brennus?
Tusculum
What person is finally defeated at Tusculum by Camillus, famously saying Vae Victis!
Brennus of the Senonian Gauls
What office replaced that of consul from the period 444-367 BC?
Military tribunes
Who is thrown off the Tarpeian Rock in 385 BC due to supposedly aspiring to kingship by freeing Roman debtors?
Marcus Manlius Captiolinus
When was Manlius Captiolinus thrown off the Tarpeian Rock, killing him?
385 BC
How did Manlius Capitolinus die in 385 BC?
By being thrown off the Tarpeian Rock
Name the two tribunes of 376 BC that first proposed the Lex Licinia-Sextia, though it didn’t get passed
Licinius Stolo and Lucius Sextius Lateranus
Licinius Stolo and L. Sextius were both tribunes what year?
376 BC
When was the Lex Licinia-Sextia passed?
367 BC
What law was passed in 367 BC?
Lex Licinia-Sextia
Who passed the Lex Licinia-Sextia in 367 BC?
Licinius Stolo and Lucius Sextius Lateranus
Name the law of 367 BC passed by Licinius Stolo and L. Sextius
Lex Licinia-Sextia
What did the Lex Licinia-Sextia do?
Allowed plebeians to be consul, and may also have restricted land ownership
What law of 367 BC allowed plebeians to be consul, and may have also restricted land ownership?
Lex Licinia-Sextia
Who was the first plebeian consul, in 366 BC?
Lucius Sextius Lateranus
L. Sextius was the first plebeian to hold what office in 366 BC?
Consul
When did L. Sextius become the first person to hold consulship?
366 BC
Who was appointed to his 4th dictatorship in 366 BC to try to prevent the passing of the Lex Licinia-Sextia, but in vain?
Marcus Furius Camillus
Camillus was appointed to his 4th dictatorship in 366 BC to try to prevent the passing of what law, but failed?
Lex Licinia-Sextia
Describe the mythical story of Mettius Curius and the crack in the Forum Romanum, in 362 BC
A giant crack appeared in the Forum Romanum, frightening the citizens. When they consulted the Oracle at Delphi, they found out they had to give up Rome’s greatest possession to get rid of it. Mettius Curtius realized Rome’s greatest gift was its fighting spirit, so he jumped in on a horse. The crack sealed shut behind him, never to be seen again
When did the following mythological story occur:
“A giant crack appeared in the Forum Romanum, frightening the citizens. When they consulted the Oracle at Delphi, they found out they had to give up Rome’s greatest possession to get rid of it. Mettius Curtius realized Rome’s greatest gift was its fighting spirit, so he jumped in on a horse. The crack sealed shut behind him, never to be seen again.”
362 BC
Who jumped into a giant crack in the Forum Romanum in 362 BC in order to fulfill a prophecy by the Oracle, who said that Rome’s greatest posession must enter the crack. He was symbolic of Rome’s fighting spirit.
Mettius Curtius
Name the first plebeian dictator, in 356 BC
Gaius Marcius Rutilus
C. Marcius Rutilus was the first plebeian to hold what office in 356 BC
Dictator
When did C. Marcius Rutilus become the first plebeian dictator?
356 BC
Name the first plebeian censor, in 351 BC
Gaius Marcius Rutilus
C. Marcius Rutilus became the first plebeian to hold what office in 351 BC?
Censor
When did C. Marcius Rutilus become the first plebeian censor?
351 BC
Name the person who became both the first plebeian dictator and censor
Gaius Marcius Rutilus
Name the first battle of the First Samnite War
Battle of Mount Garus (342 BC)
The Battle of Mount Garus (342 BC) was the first battle of what war?
First Samnite War
How many times was Valerius Corvus consul?
6
Held the 2nd-most conulships, only 2nd to Marius
What early-Republican figure was consul 6 times, holding the 2nd-most consulships in Roman history
Valerius Corvus
When was the Lex Genucia passed?
342 BC
What law was passed in 342 BC?
Lex Genucia
What did the Lex Genucia (342 BC) do?
Prohibited giving out a loan with any interest
What law of 342 BC prohibited giving out a loan with any interest?
Lex Genucia
What tribe temporarily allied with Rome during the Great Latin War (340-338 BC)?
Samnites
The Samnites temporarily allied with Rome during what war, from 340-338 BC?
Great Latin War
When was the battle of Suessa Aurunca?
340 BC
What battle was in 340 BC?
Battle of Suessa Aurunca
What battle was the 1st of the Great Latin War (340-338 BC)?
Battle of Suessa Aurunca (340 BC)
The Battle of Suessa Aurunca was the first battle of what war?
Great Latin War (340-338 BC)
What tribe did Rome ally with to overwhelm the Latin at Suessa Aurunca in 340 BC?
Samnites
What Roman commander killed his son for disobeying him during the Great Latin War?
Manlius Imperiosus Torquatus
Who does Torquatus kill for disobeying him right after the Battle of Vesuvius (339 BC)?
His son
Name the first plebeian proconsul
Publilius Philo
Philo was the first plebeian to hold what office?
Praetor and Proconsul
Who re-conquered Naples for Rome after the Samnites captured it at the start of the 2nd Samnite War?
Publilius Philo
What city did Philo recapture for Rome after the Samnites captured it at the start of the 2nd Samnite War?
Naples
What advice does Herennius give Gavius Pontius once he traps the Romans at Caudine Forks in 321 BC?
Either let the Romans go completely free or kill them all
Who advises his son to either let the Romans go completely free or kill them all at Caudine Forks in 321 BC?
Herennius (father of Gavius Pontius)
How many times was Lucius Papirius Cursor dictator and consul, respectively?
Dictator twice, consul 5 times
What early-Republican Roman was dictator twice, and consul 5 times? He was given his first dictatorship after the disaster at Caudine Forks in 321 BC
Lucius Papirius Cursor
After what battle in the 2nd Samnite War did Capua switch allegiance to the Samnites, in 315 BC?
Battle of Lautulae
What city switched their allegiance to the Samnites after Rome’s defeat at Lautulae in 315 BC?
Capua
In what battle of the 2nd Samnite War did Fabius Rullianus become trapped in a mountain pass, being defeated in 315 BC?
Battle of Lautulae
Where did Fabius Rullianus become trapped at Lautulae in 315 BC, likely resulting in his defeat?
A mountain pass
When was the Lex Ogulnia passed?
300 BC
What law was passed in 300 BC?
Lex Ogulnia
What did the Lex Ogulnia do?
Allowed plebeians to become priests
What law of 300 BC allowed plebeians to become priests?
Lex Ogulnia
Name the victorious Roman general at Aquilonia, in 293 BC
Lucius Papirius Cursor
At what battle did Papirius Cursor lead Rome to victory in 293 BC?
Battle of Aquilonia
What did Rome do with the gold gained from the sacking of Aquilonia in 293 BC?
Used it to decorate temples
Gold obtained from the sacking of what city in 293 BC was used to decorate temples in Rome?
Aquilonia
A cult dedicated to what deity was founded in 293 BC, after the deity was said to come to Rome as a snake during a plague?
Asclepius
When was the Cult of Asclepius founded?
293 BC
After what event was the Cult of Asclepius founded in 293 BC?
Asclepius coming to Rome as a snake, during a plague
When was the Lex Hortensia passed by Hortensius?
287 BC
What law was passed in 287 BC?
Lex Hortenisa
Who passed the Lex Hortensia?
Quintus Hortensius
What did the Lex Hortensia do?
Make laws passed by plebeians (plebescita) binding on all citizens
What law of 287 BC made plebiscita binding on all citizens?
Lex Hortensia
When was the 2nd Battle of Lake Vadimo?
283 BC
What battle was in 283 BC?
2nd Battle of Lake Vadimo
Name the victorious Roman commander and losing enemy tribes at the 2nd Battle of Lake Vadimo, in 283 BC
Victorious: Publius Cornelius Dollabella
Losing: Etruscans and Boii (a Gallic tribe)
At what battle in 283 BC did Dollabella defeat the Etruscans and Boii?
2nd Battle of Lake Vadimo
When did Pyrrhus die?
272 BC
Who died in 272 BC at Argos, where a citizen there threw a devastating tile at him
Pyrrhus
Who was Pyrrhus fighting during the year of his death, 272 BC?
Carthage
What type of military-faction did Rome build for the first time after capturing Agrigentum in 261 BC?
Navy
After what battle did Rome build its first navy?
Agrigentum (262 BC)
Who was the commander of Carthage that defeated Scipio Asina at Lipari Islands in 260 BC?
Boodes
At what battle of 260 BC did Boodes defeat Scipio Asina?
Battle of Lipari Islands
When was the battle of Cape Hermaeum?
255 BC
What battle was in 255 BC (after 1st battle of Bagradas)?
Battle of Cape Hermaeum
List the 3 Battles of 255 BC in chronological order
Battle of Adys, 1st Battle of Bagradas Valley, Battle of Cape Hermaeum
At what battle of 255 BC did a fleet of 250 Roman ships defeat a 200-fleet Carthaginian force, allowing them to rescue the survivors from Bagradas Valley?
Battle of Cape Hermaeum
Who was the first plebeian to become Pontifex Maximus, in 254 BC?
Tiberius Coruncanius
Coruncanius was the first plebeian to hold what office, in 254 BC?
Pontifex Maximus
When did Coruncanius become the first plebeian to be Pontifex Maximus?
254 BC
When was Panormus, considered the most important city of northern Sicily, captured?
254 BC
Considered the most important in northern Siciliy, what city was captured by Rome in 254 BC?
Panormus
Panormus was considered the most importanty city of what region?
Northern Sicily
Who led the Romans at Panormus in 250 BC?
Lucius Metellus
L. Metellus led the Romans at what battle in 250 BC?
Battle of Panormus
Who led a raiding expedition on the coast of Africa in 253 BC, but on the way back had most of his fleet destroyed?
Blaesus
When during the 1st Punic War, did Blaesus lead a raiding expedition on the African coast, but have most of fleet destroyed on the way back?
253 BC
What happened to Blaesus’ fleet on the way back from a raiding expedition on the African coast in 253 BC?
It was destroyed
Rome’s victory at Panormus (250 BC) allowed them to lay siege to what city, at which another battle would be fought at in the 2nd Punic War?
Lilybaeum
When was the siege of Lilybaeum, during the 1st Punic War?
250 BC (right after Panormus)
Who was the governor of Lilybaeum during the 1st Punic War?
Himilco
Himilco was governor of what city, of which a siege of 250 BC and battle of 218 BC would be fought?
Lilybaeum
When was the battle of Cape Passaro?
249 BC
What battle was in 249 BC second, after Drepana?
Battle of Cape Passaro
Name the two battles of 249 BC
Battle of Drepana, Battle of Cape Passaro
Name the victor and loser at Cape Passaro in 249 BC
Victor: Carthalo of Carthage
Loser: Junius Pullus
Name the co-consul of Claudius Pulcher that is defeated at Cape Passaro by Carthalo in 249 BC
Junius Pullus
At what battle is Junius Pullus defeated by Carthalo in 249 BC?
Battle of Cape Passaro
After his defeat at Cape Passaro (249 BC), who captured the city Eryx?
Junius Pullus
What city did Junius Pullus capture after his defeat at Cape Passaro in 249 BC?
Eryx
Name the Carthaginian commander who is thought to have founded the city of Barcelona during the 1st Punic War
Hamilcar Barca
What city is thought to have been founded by Hamilcar Barca during the 1st Punic War, but was recently busted as not true?
Barcelona
When were the Mercenary Wars?
240-237 BC
What war was from 240-237 BC?
Mercenary Wars
When does Rome adopt Brundisium as a colony?
244 BC
What city is adopted as a Roman colony in 244 BC?
Brundisium
When is the Via Appia extended from Capua to Brundisium?
244 BC
The Via Appia is extended from Capua to what city in 244 BC?
Brundisium
After what battle is Carthage said to have sued for peace, decisively losing the 1st Punic War?
Battle of Aegetes Island
How many Plebeian Secessions were there?
5
Name the two people that helped Horatius Cocles fend off Lars Porsenna at the Pons Sublicius
Spurius Lartius and Titus Herminius
Sp. Lartius and T. Herminius helped what man fend off Lars Porsenna at the Pons Sublicius?
Publius Horatius Cocles
What Roman tried supressing the Gauls a few years before the 2nd Battle of Lake Vadimo (283 BC), leading to the Boii to preemptively attack?
Curius Dentatus
Curius Dentatus tried supressing the Gauls, leading the Boii to preemptively attack Dollabella in what battle of 283 BC?
2nd Battle of Lake Vadimo
What group met at the grove of Ferentina, eventually being dissolved at Antium in 338 BC
Latin League
Where would members of the Latin League meet?
Grove of Ferentina
After what battle was the Latin League permanently dissolved?
Battle of Antium
What group was permanently dissolved after Antium in 338 BC?
Latin League
Give the Latin word that refers to a “review” of the cavalry that the Romans conducted after winning at Lake Regillus
Transvectio Equitum
After what battle did the Romans conduct a Transvectio Equitum for the first time?
Battle of Lake Regillus
What man ultimately killed Spurius Maelius?
Gaius Servilius Ahala
Ahala was the killer of what rebel against Cincinnatus?
Spurius Maelius
Why was Manlius Capitolinus killed?
Supposedly aspiring to kingship by freeing Roman debtors
What happened to Manlius Captiolinus’ house after he was killed?
It was burned
Whose house was burned after he got thrown off the Tarpeian rock for freeing Roman debtors, seen as an act of kingship?
Marcus Manlius Capitolinus
Who was the first man to propose an agrarian law in Rome in 486 BC?
Spurius Cassius
Spurius Cassius was the first man to propose what type of law in 486 BC?
Agrarian
Who was the first magister equitum?
Spurius Cassius
Spurius Cassius was the first Roman to hold what position?
Magister Equitum
Who was Rome’s first dictator, having Spurius Cassius as his magister equitum?
Titus Larcius
T. Larcius was the first man to hold what position in Rome, having Spurius Cassius as his magister equitum?
Dictator
Who was the magister equitum of T. Larcius?
Spurius Cassius
Spurius Cassius was the magister equitum of what man?
Titus Larcius
What battle was in 431 BC?
Second Battle of Mt. Algidus
When was the Second Battle of Mount Algidus?
431 BC
Name the victorious Roman commander and losing tribe at Mt. Algidus in 431 BC?
Victorious: Aulus Postumius Tubertus
Losing: Aequi
At what battle did A. Postumius Tubertus decisively defeat the Aequi in 431 BC?
Second Battle of Mt. Algidus
Who was the first representative of the Scipio family to enter Roman history?
Lucius Scipio Barbatus
The Third Samnite War was precipiated by Scipio Barbatus driving the Samnites out of what region?
Lucania
The Third Samnite War was precipitated by what man driving Samnites out of Lucania?
Lucius Scipio Barbatus
When was Rome’s Amicitia with Egypt, or more specifically Ptolemy II?
273 BC
With what person did Rome form an Amicitia in 273 BC?
Ptolemy II of Egypt
