241 BC - 149 BC Flashcards
Rome acquired what two provinces as a result of the Mercenary War in Carthage after the 1st Punic War?
Corsica and Sardinia
Rome acquired Corsica and Sardinia in the aftermath of what war?
1st Punic War
Who died in 229 BC?
Hamilcar Barca
When did Hamilcar Barca die?
229 BC
How did Hamilcar Barca die?
Drowned
What treaty was negotiated by Rome and Carthage, due to the complaning of Massilia?
Ebro River Treaty
The Ebro River Treaty was negotiated due to the complaning of what Roman ally?
Massilia
When was the Ebro River Treaty signed?
226 BC
What treaty was signed in 226 BC?
Ebro River Treaty
When Hannibal besieged this city, Rome declared war (starting the 2nd Punic War)
Saguntum
Who sacked Saguntum, starting the 2nd Punic War?
Hannibal
When Hannibal sacked Saguntum, what war was started?
2nd Punic War
In the aftermath of what war was the “praetor peregrinus” created to complement the “praetor urbanus”?
1st Punic War
After the 1st Punic War, what position was adopted with the “praetor urbanus”?
Praetor peregrinus
Who was a plebeian tribune in 232 BC?
Gaius Flaminius
Gaius Flaminius held what position in 232 BC?
Tribune of the plebs
In what year was Gaius Flaminius a tribune of the plebs?
232 BC
Who passed a plebiscitum requiring lands south of Arminium to be given to poor families, following the 1st Punic War?
Gaius Flaminius
Gaius Flaminius passed a plebiscitum detailing what, after the 1st Punic War?
Lands south of Arminium must be given to poor families (plebs)
Who was the only senator to support the Lex Claudia?
Gaius Flaminius
Gaius Flaminius was the only senator to support what Law?
Lex Claudia
When was the Lex Claudia created?
218 BC
What law was created in 218 BC?
Lex Claudia
What did the Lex Claudia dictate?
Senators and their sons could not partake in overseas trade
What law dictated that senators and their sons could not partake in overseas trade?
Lex Claudia
What tribune/senator placed Gallia Cisalpania under Roman rule after the 1st Punic War?
Gaius Flaminius
Gaius Flaminius placed what region into Roman rule after the 1st Punic War?
Gallia Cisalpania
When was the First Illyrian War?
229-228 BC
What war was from 229-228 BC?
First Illyrian War
Name the Queen of Illyria who fought against the Romans in the 1st Illyrian War?
Queen Teuta
Queen Teuta fought against the Romans in what war?
1st Illyrian War
What practice did Queen Teuta encourage?
Piracy
Piracy was encouraged by what Illyrian queen?
Queen Teuta
What was the capital of Illyria during Teuta’s reign?
Scodra
Scodra was the capital of what region, of which was controlled by Queen Teuta at the time?
Illyria
Name the two consuls that defeated Queen Teuta without a fight in the Battle of Corycys
Lucius Postumius Albinus, Gnaeus Fulvius Centumalus
In what battle did Postumius Albinus and Fulvius Centumalus defeat Queen Teuta without a fight?
Battle of Corycys
Who betrayed Queen Teuta at the battle of Corycys and goes to the Romans?
Demetrius of Pharos
Demetrius of Pharos betrays what queen at the battle of Corycys, possibly causing her loss?
Queen Teuta of Illyria
What war(s) was from 225-222 BC?
Gallic Wars
Not to be confused with Caesar’s Gallic Wars, though!
When was the Gallic Wars (not Caesar’s Gallic Wars)?
225-222 BC
The land distributions of Flaminius alarming the Gauls in northern Italy caused the start of what war?
Gallic Wars
The Gallic Wars were started by repulsion to land distributions caused by what tribune/senator?
Gaius Flaminius
What was the first battle of the Gallic Wars?
Battle of Faesulae
The Battle of Faesulae was the first battle of what war?
Gallic Wars
When was the battle of Cape Telamon?
225 BC
What battle was in 225 BC (after Faesulae)?
Battle of Cape Telamon
Name the Roman and Gallic commanders at Cape Telamon
Roman: Gaius Atilius Regulus, Lucius Aemilius Papus
Gallic: Concolitanus, Anoerestus
At what battle did Regulus and Papus defeat Concolitanus and Anoerestus?
Battle of Cape Telamon
The Gauls wielded what type of weapons at the Battle of Cape Telamon?
Javelins
At what battle did the opposing Gauls wield javelins?
Battle of Cape Telamon
In what year was Gaius Flaminius consul?
223 BC
Who was consul in 223 BC?
Gaius Flaminius
In what year did M. Claudius Marcellus receive his first consulship?
222 BC
Who was consul for the first time in 222 BC?
Marcus Claudius Marcellus
When was the battle of Clastidium?
222 BC
What battle was in 222 BC?
Battle of Clastidium
Name the Roman and enemy commander at the Battle of Clastidium
Roman: Marcus Claudius Marcellus
Gallic: King Viridomarus
In what battle did Marcellus slay Viridomarus of the Gauls?
Battle of Clastidium
Who received the third and final “spolia opima” in Roman history?
Marcus Claudius Marcellus
Marcellus received the third/final of what honor in Roman history?
Spolia Opima
Augustus denied what honor to Crassus the Younger in order to preserve the communal spirit of the old “mos maiorum”?
Spolia Opima
Who denied spolia opima to Crassus in order to preserve “mos maiorum”?
Augustus
Augustus denied spolia opima to who, in order to preserve “mos maiorum”?
Marcus Licinius Crassus the Younger
Why did Augustus deny spolia opima to Crassus the Younger?
To preserve the spirit of the old “mos maiorum”
When was the Second Illyrian War?
220-219 BC
What war was from 220-219 BC?
Second Illyrian War
Name the people who conspired against Rome in the Second Illyrian War?
Demetrios of Pharos, Antigonus Doson of Macedonia
Demetrios of Pharos and Antigonus Doson of Macedonia conspired against Rome in what War?
Second Illyrian War
After whose death does Demetrius of Pharos invade Rome?
Teuta’s
After Teuta’s death, who invades Rome?
Demetrius of Pharos
After who is defeated in the Second Illyrian War does he run to Philip V?
Demetrius of Pharos
After Demetrius of Pharos is defeated in the Second Illyrian War, to whose court does he run to?
Philip V of Macedon
Who was the successor of Antigonus Doson of Macedonia?
Philip V
Philip V was the successor of what acting king of Macedonia?
Antigonus Doson
When was the Second Punic War?
218-201 BC
What war was from 218-201 BC?
Second Punic War
When was the battle of Lilybeaum?
218 BC
What battle was in 218 BC, a relatively ueseless battle right before Ticinus River?
Battle of Lilybaeum
When was the battle of the Ticinus River?
218 BC
What battle was in 218 BC, featuring a military skirmish between Scipio the Elder and Hannibal?
Battle of the Ticinus River
Name the Roman and Carthaginian commanders at the Battle of the Ticinus River
Roman: Publius Cornelius Scipio the Elder
Carthaginian: Hannibal Barca
At what battle was Publius Cornelius Scipio (the Elder) defeated by Hannibal, being saved by his son?
Battle of the Ticinus River
Who saves Scipio the Elder at the battle of the Ticinus River?
His son, Publius Cornelius Scipio (the Future) Africanus
Scipio (the future) Africanus saves his father from Hannibal at what battle?
Battle of the Ticinus River
Name the co-consul of Scipio the Elder, who was called back from Africa to reinfoce him after the Battle of the Ticinus River?
Tiberius Sempronius Longus
Sempronius Longus was called back from Africa to reinforce who after the Battle of the Ticinus River?
Publius Cornelius Scipio the Elder
When was the battle of the Trebia River?
218 BC
What land battle was in 218 BC, featuring both Scipio the Elder and Ti. Sempronius Longus?
Battle of the Trebia River
Name the Roman and Carthaginian commander(s) at the Battle of the Trebia River
Roman: Tiberius Sempronius Longus, Publius Cornelius Scipio the Elder
Carthaginian: Hannibal, Mago
Name the brother of Hannibal who helped him defeat the Romans at the battle of the Trebia River
Mago
Mago helped Hannibal defeat the Romans at what battle?
Battle of the Trebia River
At what battle did Scipio the Elder and Sempronius Longus get defeated by Hannibal and his brother Mago?
Battle of the Trebia River
As a result of what battle does the Po valley fall to Carthage?
Battle of the Trebia River
As a result of the Trebia river, what valley falls to Carthage?
Po valley
When was the battle of Cissa?
218 BC
What battle was in 218 BC THIRD?
Battle of Cissa
Name the Roman commander who was victorious at the Battle of Cissa?
Scipio Calvus
Scipio Calvus was victorious at what battle in the 2nd Punic War?
Battle of Cissa
What was the relationship between Scipio Calvus and Scipio (the future) Africanus?
Calvus was the uncle of Africanus
Name the uncle of Scipio Africanus who was victorious at the battle of Cissa?
Scipio Calvus
What was the relationship between Scipio Calvus and Scipio the Elder?
Brothers
Name the brother of Scipio the Elder who was victorious at the battle of Cissa?
Scipio Calvus
Name the two consuls of 218 BC
Publius Cornelius Scipio the Elder, Tiberius Sempronius Longus
Scipio the Elder and Sempronius Longus were consuls during what year?
218 BC
Name the two consuls of 217 BC
Gaius Flaminius, Gnaeus Servilius
Flaminius and Servilius were consuls during what year?
217 BC
When was the battle of Lake Trasimene?
217 BC
What 3 battles were in 217 BC?
Battle of Lake Trasimene, Battle of Ebro River, Battle of Ager Falernus
Name the Roman and Carthaginian commander(s) at the Battle of Lake Trasimene
Roman: Gaius Flaminiius
Carthaginian: Hannibal Barca
In what battle is Flaminius ambushed and killed by Hannibal, who hid his army in the forest near the battle site and killed/captured all Romans?
Battle of Lake Trasimene
How did Hannibal ambush Flaminius in the Battle of Lake Trasimene?
His army was hid in a forest near the Lake. He led a surprise attack on Flaminius, thus gaining the victory.
Who was killed at the Battle of Lake Trasimene?
Gaius Flaminius
Flaminius was killed by what Carthaginian commander in the battle of Lake Trasimene?
Hannibal Barca
According to Livy, what natural phenomenon occurred during the Battle of Lake Trasimene?
An earthquake
An earthquake occurred during what Roman battle according to Livy?
Battle of Lake Trasimene
Who was elected dictator after Flaminius’ death?
Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus Cunctator
Cunctator was elected dictator after whose death in 217 BC?
Gaius Flaminius
Who was the “magister equitum” of Cunctator?
Minucius Rufus
Minucius Rufus was the “magister equitum” of what dictator of Rome?
Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus Cunctator
What was the relationship between Cunctator and Minucius Rufus
Rufus was Cunctator’s “magister equitum”
Cunctator is replaced by what consuls of 216 BC?
Lucius Aemilius Paullus, Gaius Terrentius Varro
Aemillius Paullus and Varro were consuls during what year?
216 BC
What dictator is replaced by the consuls of 216?
Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus Cunctator
In what battle was Cunctator defeated by Hannibal after barely not being able to capture him?
Battle of Ager Falernus
Name the Roman and Carthaginian commanders at the Battle of Ager Falernus?
Roman: Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus Cunctator
Carthaginian: Hannibal Barca
In the battle of Ager Falernus, who was barely defeated by Hannibal?
Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus Cunctator
When was the battle of Cannae?
216 BC
What battles was in 216 BC?
Battle of Cannae, 1st Battle of Nola
Name the Roman and Carthaginian commander(s) at the Battle of Cannae
Roman: Lucius Aemillius Paullus, Gaius Terrentius Varro
Carthaginian: Hannibal Barca
In what battle are the consuls Aemillius Paullus and Varro completely destroyed by Hannibal?
Battle of Cannae
Name this battle which Ketan describes as “the most disastrous military defeat in Roman history”
Battle of Cannae
Approximately how many Romans die at the Battle of Cannae?
50,000-70,000
50,000-70,000 Romans die at what battle in the 2nd Punic War?
Battle of Cannae
When was the BATTLES of Nola?
216-214 BC
Battles of what city occurred from 216-214 BC?
Battles of Nola
Name the Roman and Carthaginian commander(s) at the Battles of Nola
Roman: Marcus Claudius Marcellus
Carthaginian: Hannibal Barca
In what set of battles did Marcellus defend the battle site from Hannibal three times in a row?
Battles of Nola
How many times did Hannibal try to attack Nola, only to be refuted by Marcellus?
3
Hannibal tried to attack this city 3 times, only to be refuted by Marcellus
Nola
Name the three battles fought in 215 BC
2nd Battle of Nola, Battle of Dertosa, Battle of Decimomannu (Cornus)
The 2nd Battle of Nola, and the Battles Dertosa and Cornu were all fought in what year?
215 BC
Name the two battles fought in 214 BC
3rd Battle of Nola, Battle of Beneventum
The 3rd Battle of Nola and the Battle of Beneventum were all fought in what year?
214 BC
Name the three battles fought in 212 BC, and the city that is captured as well
Battle of Capua, Battle of Silarus River, Battle of Herdonia
Capturing of Tarentum
The Battles Capua, Silarus, and Herdonia, as well as the capturing of Tarentum all happened during what year?
212 BC
What two battles were fought in 209 BC?
Battle of Tarentum, Battle of New Carthage
The Battles Tarentum and New Carthage were both fought during what year?
209 BC
The Siege of Syracuse was for how long?
213-211 BC
The siege of what city went from 213-211 BC?
Syracuse
Name the victorious Roman consul at the Siege of Syracuse
Marcus Claudius Marcellus
Marcellus was victorious in the siege of what city?
Syracuse
What Roman placed all of Sicily under Roman territory after the Siege of Syracuse?
Marcus Claudius Marcellus
Marcellus put what province under Roman rule after the Siege of Syracuse
Sicily
Archimedes dies during the siege of what city?
Syracuse
What notable person from Syracuse dies during its siege?
Archimedes
When was the battle of New Carthage?
209 BC
When did Scipio (the future) Africanus petition the Comitia Centuriata to assign him his father’s command in Spain?
210 BC
In 210 BC, who petitioned the Comitia Centuriata to assign him his father’s command in Spain?
Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus
In 210 BC, Scipio Africanus had what legislative body assign him his father’s command in Spain, though he was just an aedile?
Comitia Centuriata
Name the famouse Roman commander who was given “proconsular imperium” in Spain by the Comitia Centuriata, though he was just an aedile
Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus
What is the power Scipio Africanus was given by the Comitia Centuriata, allowing him to rule his father’s old command?
Proconsular imperium, in Spain
What famous Roman commander adopted the Spanish sword and javelin, having taken command of his father’s old army?
Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus
Scipio Africanus adopted what weapons when he was proconsul in Spain?
Sword and javelin
Name the victorious Roman commander at the Battle of New Carthage
Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus
How did Scipio Africanus capture New Carthage?
Attacking the neglected walls on the seaward side (because the water was deep), and scaling them
In what battle did Roman soldiers attack the neglected walls on the seaward side of the city, for its water was deep, and then started scaling them, capturing the city in 209 BC? They were led by Scipio Africanus.
Battle of New Carthage
What battle in the 2nd Punic War was a “double battle,” comprising of two seperate battles?
Battle of Upper Baetis
What two battles made up the Battle of Upper Baetis?
Battle of Castullo, Battle of Illorca
The Battles Castullo and Illorca made up what battle in the 2nd Punic War?
Battle of Upper Baetis
Name the pair of brothers who die at the Battle of Upper Baetis?
Publius Cornelius Scipio the Elder, Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus
Not to be confused with Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Asina (1st Punic War)
Scipio the Elder and Scipio Calvus both die at what battle?
Battle of Upper Baetis
At what battle within the battle of Upper Baetis does Scipio the Elder die?
Battle of Castullo
At what battle within the battle of Upper Baetis does Scipio Calvus die?
Battle of Illorca
Who dies at the Battle of Castullo?
Publius Cornelius Scipio the Elder
Who dies at the Battle of Illorca?
Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus
What two battles were in 210 BC?
Battle of Numistro, 2nd Battle of Agrigentum
When was the battle of Numistro?
210 BC
What battle was in 208 BC?
Battle of Baecula
When was the battle of Baecula?
208 BC
Who escapes from the Roman clutches in the Battle of Baecula?
Hasdrubal Barca
Hasdrubal escapes from Roman clutches in what battle?
Battle of Baecula
Name the two battles fought in 207 BC
Battle of Grumentum, Battle of Metaurus River
The battles Grumentum and Metaurus River were fought in what year?
207 BC
Name the two consuls of 207 BC
Gaius Claudius Nero, Marcus Livius Salinator
Name the Roman and Carthaginian commander at the Battle of Metaurus River
Roman: Gaius Claudius Nero
Carthaginian: Hasdrubal Barca
In what year were Claudius Nero and Livius Salinator consuls?
207 BC
In what battle was Hasdrubal defeated by Claudius Nero?
Battle of Metaurus River
In what battle is Hasdrubal decisively defeated, and his severed head thrown into Hannibal’s camp?
Battle of Metaurus River
In the aftermath of Metaurus River, whose severed head is thrown into Hannibal’s camp?
His brother Hasdrubal’s
When was the battle of Ilipa?
206 BC
What battle was in 206 BC?
Battle of Ilipa
Name the Roman and enemy commander(s) at the Battle of Ilipa?
Roman: Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus
Enemy: Mago Barca, Massinissa
In what battle were the forces of Mago and Massinissa ambushed by Scipio Africanus, resulting in a loss for the Carthaginians rivaling Cannae?
Battle of Ilipa
What battle in the 2nd Punic War rivaled Cannae in the number of Carthaginians dead?
Battle of Ilipa
The Battle of Ilipa rivaled what battle in the number of dead people?
Cannae
When was the battle of Campi Magni?
203 BC
What battle was in 203 BC?
Battle of Campi Magni
Name the Roman and Carthaginian commanders at the Battle of Campi Magni
Roman: Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus, Massinissa
Carthaginian: Hasdrubal Gisgo, Syphax
In what battle did Hasdrubal Gisgo and Syphax lose to Scipio Africanus and Massinissa?
Battle of Campi Magni
Scipio Africanus and Massinissa had allied against what king?
Syphax
Name the brother of Syphax who allied with Scipio Africanus in the 2nd Punic War
Massinissa
Scipio Africanus and Massinisssa sought the hand of what daughter of Hasdrubal Gisgo?
Sophonsiba
Sophonsiba was sought by what two men in the 2nd Punic War?
Scipio Africanus and Massinissa
Who was the father of Sophonsiba?
Hasdrubal Gisgo
Rather than be paraded in Scipio Africanus’ possession, what did Sophonsiba do?
Drank poison and committed suicide
What daughter of Hasdrubal Gisgo drank poison rather than be paraded in Scipio Africanus’ possession?
Sophonsiba
When was the battle of Zama?
202 BC
What battle was in 202 BC?
Battle of Zama
Name the Romman and Carthaginian commanders at the Battle of Zama
Roman: Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus, Masinissa, Gaius Laelius
Carthaginian: Hannibal Barca
In what battle did Scipio Africanus, Masinissia, and Gaius Laelius defeat Hannibal for good?
Battle of Zama
What was the decisive battle of the 2nd Punic War?
Battle of Zama
The battle of Zama ended what war?
2nd Punic War
When did Hannibal Barca commit suicide?
183 BC