241 BC - 149 BC Flashcards
Rome acquired what two provinces as a result of the Mercenary War in Carthage after the 1st Punic War?
Corsica and Sardinia
Rome acquired Corsica and Sardinia in the aftermath of what war?
1st Punic War
Who died in 229 BC?
Hamilcar Barca
When did Hamilcar Barca die?
229 BC
How did Hamilcar Barca die?
Drowned
What treaty was negotiated by Rome and Carthage, due to the complaning of Massilia?
Ebro River Treaty
The Ebro River Treaty was negotiated due to the complaning of what Roman ally?
Massilia
When was the Ebro River Treaty signed?
226 BC
What treaty was signed in 226 BC?
Ebro River Treaty
When Hannibal besieged this city, Rome declared war (starting the 2nd Punic War)
Saguntum
Who sacked Saguntum, starting the 2nd Punic War?
Hannibal
When Hannibal sacked Saguntum, what war was started?
2nd Punic War
In the aftermath of what war was the “praetor peregrinus” created to complement the “praetor urbanus”?
1st Punic War
After the 1st Punic War, what position was adopted with the “praetor urbanus”?
Praetor peregrinus
Who was a plebeian tribune in 232 BC?
Gaius Flaminius
Gaius Flaminius held what position in 232 BC?
Tribune of the plebs
In what year was Gaius Flaminius a tribune of the plebs?
232 BC
Who passed a plebiscitum requiring lands south of Arminium to be given to poor families, following the 1st Punic War?
Gaius Flaminius
Gaius Flaminius passed a plebiscitum detailing what, after the 1st Punic War?
Lands south of Arminium must be given to poor families (plebs)
Who was the only senator to support the Lex Claudia?
Gaius Flaminius
Gaius Flaminius was the only senator to support what Law?
Lex Claudia
When was the Lex Claudia created?
218 BC
What law was created in 218 BC?
Lex Claudia
What did the Lex Claudia dictate?
Senators and their sons could not partake in overseas trade
What law dictated that senators and their sons could not partake in overseas trade?
Lex Claudia
What tribune/senator placed Gallia Cisalpania under Roman rule after the 1st Punic War?
Gaius Flaminius
Gaius Flaminius placed what region into Roman rule after the 1st Punic War?
Gallia Cisalpania
When was the First Illyrian War?
229-228 BC
What war was from 229-228 BC?
First Illyrian War
Name the Queen of Illyria who fought against the Romans in the 1st Illyrian War?
Queen Teuta
Queen Teuta fought against the Romans in what war?
1st Illyrian War
What practice did Queen Teuta encourage?
Piracy
Piracy was encouraged by what Illyrian queen?
Queen Teuta
What was the capital of Illyria during Teuta’s reign?
Scodra
Scodra was the capital of what region, of which was controlled by Queen Teuta at the time?
Illyria
Name the two consuls that defeated Queen Teuta without a fight in the Battle of Corycys
Lucius Postumius Albinus, Gnaeus Fulvius Centumalus
In what battle did Postumius Albinus and Fulvius Centumalus defeat Queen Teuta without a fight?
Battle of Corycys
Who betrayed Queen Teuta at the battle of Corycys and goes to the Romans?
Demetrius of Pharos
Demetrius of Pharos betrays what queen at the battle of Corycys, possibly causing her loss?
Queen Teuta of Illyria
What war(s) was from 225-222 BC?
Gallic Wars
Not to be confused with Caesar’s Gallic Wars, though!
When was the Gallic Wars (not Caesar’s Gallic Wars)?
225-222 BC
The land distributions of Flaminius alarming the Gauls in northern Italy caused the start of what war?
Gallic Wars
The Gallic Wars were started by repulsion to land distributions caused by what tribune/senator?
Gaius Flaminius
What was the first battle of the Gallic Wars?
Battle of Faesulae
The Battle of Faesulae was the first battle of what war?
Gallic Wars
When was the battle of Cape Telamon?
225 BC
What battle was in 225 BC (after Faesulae)?
Battle of Cape Telamon
Name the Roman and Gallic commanders at Cape Telamon
Roman: Gaius Atilius Regulus, Lucius Aemilius Papus
Gallic: Concolitanus, Anoerestus
At what battle did Regulus and Papus defeat Concolitanus and Anoerestus?
Battle of Cape Telamon
The Gauls wielded what type of weapons at the Battle of Cape Telamon?
Javelins
At what battle did the opposing Gauls wield javelins?
Battle of Cape Telamon
In what year was Gaius Flaminius consul?
223 BC
Who was consul in 223 BC?
Gaius Flaminius
In what year did M. Claudius Marcellus receive his first consulship?
222 BC
Who was consul for the first time in 222 BC?
Marcus Claudius Marcellus
When was the battle of Clastidium?
222 BC
What battle was in 222 BC?
Battle of Clastidium
Name the Roman and enemy commander at the Battle of Clastidium
Roman: Marcus Claudius Marcellus
Gallic: King Viridomarus
In what battle did Marcellus slay Viridomarus of the Gauls?
Battle of Clastidium
Who received the third and final “spolia opima” in Roman history?
Marcus Claudius Marcellus
Marcellus received the third/final of what honor in Roman history?
Spolia Opima
Augustus denied what honor to Crassus the Younger in order to preserve the communal spirit of the old “mos maiorum”?
Spolia Opima
Who denied spolia opima to Crassus in order to preserve “mos maiorum”?
Augustus
Augustus denied spolia opima to who, in order to preserve “mos maiorum”?
Marcus Licinius Crassus the Younger
Why did Augustus deny spolia opima to Crassus the Younger?
To preserve the spirit of the old “mos maiorum”
When was the Second Illyrian War?
220-219 BC
What war was from 220-219 BC?
Second Illyrian War
Name the people who conspired against Rome in the Second Illyrian War?
Demetrios of Pharos, Antigonus Doson of Macedonia
Demetrios of Pharos and Antigonus Doson of Macedonia conspired against Rome in what War?
Second Illyrian War
After whose death does Demetrius of Pharos invade Rome?
Teuta’s
After Teuta’s death, who invades Rome?
Demetrius of Pharos
After who is defeated in the Second Illyrian War does he run to Philip V?
Demetrius of Pharos
After Demetrius of Pharos is defeated in the Second Illyrian War, to whose court does he run to?
Philip V of Macedon
Who was the successor of Antigonus Doson of Macedonia?
Philip V
Philip V was the successor of what acting king of Macedonia?
Antigonus Doson
When was the Second Punic War?
218-201 BC
What war was from 218-201 BC?
Second Punic War
When was the battle of Lilybeaum?
218 BC
What battle was in 218 BC, a relatively ueseless battle right before Ticinus River?
Battle of Lilybaeum
When was the battle of the Ticinus River?
218 BC
What battle was in 218 BC, featuring a military skirmish between Scipio the Elder and Hannibal?
Battle of the Ticinus River
Name the Roman and Carthaginian commanders at the Battle of the Ticinus River
Roman: Publius Cornelius Scipio the Elder
Carthaginian: Hannibal Barca
At what battle was Publius Cornelius Scipio (the Elder) defeated by Hannibal, being saved by his son?
Battle of the Ticinus River
Who saves Scipio the Elder at the battle of the Ticinus River?
His son, Publius Cornelius Scipio (the Future) Africanus
Scipio (the future) Africanus saves his father from Hannibal at what battle?
Battle of the Ticinus River
Name the co-consul of Scipio the Elder, who was called back from Africa to reinfoce him after the Battle of the Ticinus River?
Tiberius Sempronius Longus
Sempronius Longus was called back from Africa to reinforce who after the Battle of the Ticinus River?
Publius Cornelius Scipio the Elder
When was the battle of the Trebia River?
218 BC
What land battle was in 218 BC, featuring both Scipio the Elder and Ti. Sempronius Longus?
Battle of the Trebia River
Name the Roman and Carthaginian commander(s) at the Battle of the Trebia River
Roman: Tiberius Sempronius Longus, Publius Cornelius Scipio the Elder
Carthaginian: Hannibal, Mago
Name the brother of Hannibal who helped him defeat the Romans at the battle of the Trebia River
Mago
Mago helped Hannibal defeat the Romans at what battle?
Battle of the Trebia River
At what battle did Scipio the Elder and Sempronius Longus get defeated by Hannibal and his brother Mago?
Battle of the Trebia River
As a result of what battle does the Po valley fall to Carthage?
Battle of the Trebia River
As a result of the Trebia river, what valley falls to Carthage?
Po valley
When was the battle of Cissa?
218 BC
What battle was in 218 BC THIRD?
Battle of Cissa
Name the Roman commander who was victorious at the Battle of Cissa?
Scipio Calvus
Scipio Calvus was victorious at what battle in the 2nd Punic War?
Battle of Cissa
What was the relationship between Scipio Calvus and Scipio (the future) Africanus?
Calvus was the uncle of Africanus
Name the uncle of Scipio Africanus who was victorious at the battle of Cissa?
Scipio Calvus
What was the relationship between Scipio Calvus and Scipio the Elder?
Brothers
Name the brother of Scipio the Elder who was victorious at the battle of Cissa?
Scipio Calvus
Name the two consuls of 218 BC
Publius Cornelius Scipio the Elder, Tiberius Sempronius Longus
Scipio the Elder and Sempronius Longus were consuls during what year?
218 BC
Name the two consuls of 217 BC
Gaius Flaminius, Gnaeus Servilius
Flaminius and Servilius were consuls during what year?
217 BC
When was the battle of Lake Trasimene?
217 BC
What 3 battles were in 217 BC?
Battle of Lake Trasimene, Battle of Ebro River, Battle of Ager Falernus
Name the Roman and Carthaginian commander(s) at the Battle of Lake Trasimene
Roman: Gaius Flaminiius
Carthaginian: Hannibal Barca
In what battle is Flaminius ambushed and killed by Hannibal, who hid his army in the forest near the battle site and killed/captured all Romans?
Battle of Lake Trasimene
How did Hannibal ambush Flaminius in the Battle of Lake Trasimene?
His army was hid in a forest near the Lake. He led a surprise attack on Flaminius, thus gaining the victory.
Who was killed at the Battle of Lake Trasimene?
Gaius Flaminius
Flaminius was killed by what Carthaginian commander in the battle of Lake Trasimene?
Hannibal Barca
According to Livy, what natural phenomenon occurred during the Battle of Lake Trasimene?
An earthquake
An earthquake occurred during what Roman battle according to Livy?
Battle of Lake Trasimene
Who was elected dictator after Flaminius’ death?
Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus Cunctator
Cunctator was elected dictator after whose death in 217 BC?
Gaius Flaminius
Who was the “magister equitum” of Cunctator?
Minucius Rufus
Minucius Rufus was the “magister equitum” of what dictator of Rome?
Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus Cunctator
What was the relationship between Cunctator and Minucius Rufus
Rufus was Cunctator’s “magister equitum”
Cunctator is replaced by what consuls of 216 BC?
Lucius Aemilius Paullus, Gaius Terrentius Varro
Aemillius Paullus and Varro were consuls during what year?
216 BC
What dictator is replaced by the consuls of 216?
Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus Cunctator
In what battle was Cunctator defeated by Hannibal after barely not being able to capture him?
Battle of Ager Falernus
Name the Roman and Carthaginian commanders at the Battle of Ager Falernus?
Roman: Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus Cunctator
Carthaginian: Hannibal Barca
In the battle of Ager Falernus, who was barely defeated by Hannibal?
Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus Cunctator
When was the battle of Cannae?
216 BC
What battles was in 216 BC?
Battle of Cannae, 1st Battle of Nola
Name the Roman and Carthaginian commander(s) at the Battle of Cannae
Roman: Lucius Aemillius Paullus, Gaius Terrentius Varro
Carthaginian: Hannibal Barca
In what battle are the consuls Aemillius Paullus and Varro completely destroyed by Hannibal?
Battle of Cannae
Name this battle which Ketan describes as “the most disastrous military defeat in Roman history”
Battle of Cannae
Approximately how many Romans die at the Battle of Cannae?
50,000-70,000
50,000-70,000 Romans die at what battle in the 2nd Punic War?
Battle of Cannae
When was the BATTLES of Nola?
216-214 BC
Battles of what city occurred from 216-214 BC?
Battles of Nola
Name the Roman and Carthaginian commander(s) at the Battles of Nola
Roman: Marcus Claudius Marcellus
Carthaginian: Hannibal Barca
In what set of battles did Marcellus defend the battle site from Hannibal three times in a row?
Battles of Nola
How many times did Hannibal try to attack Nola, only to be refuted by Marcellus?
3
Hannibal tried to attack this city 3 times, only to be refuted by Marcellus
Nola
Name the three battles fought in 215 BC
2nd Battle of Nola, Battle of Dertosa, Battle of Decimomannu (Cornus)
The 2nd Battle of Nola, and the Battles Dertosa and Cornu were all fought in what year?
215 BC
Name the two battles fought in 214 BC
3rd Battle of Nola, Battle of Beneventum
The 3rd Battle of Nola and the Battle of Beneventum were all fought in what year?
214 BC
Name the three battles fought in 212 BC, and the city that is captured as well
Battle of Capua, Battle of Silarus River, Battle of Herdonia
Capturing of Tarentum
The Battles Capua, Silarus, and Herdonia, as well as the capturing of Tarentum all happened during what year?
212 BC
What two battles were fought in 209 BC?
Battle of Tarentum, Battle of New Carthage
The Battles Tarentum and New Carthage were both fought during what year?
209 BC
The Siege of Syracuse was for how long?
213-211 BC
The siege of what city went from 213-211 BC?
Syracuse
Name the victorious Roman consul at the Siege of Syracuse
Marcus Claudius Marcellus
Marcellus was victorious in the siege of what city?
Syracuse
What Roman placed all of Sicily under Roman territory after the Siege of Syracuse?
Marcus Claudius Marcellus
Marcellus put what province under Roman rule after the Siege of Syracuse
Sicily
Archimedes dies during the siege of what city?
Syracuse
What notable person from Syracuse dies during its siege?
Archimedes
When was the battle of New Carthage?
209 BC
When did Scipio (the future) Africanus petition the Comitia Centuriata to assign him his father’s command in Spain?
210 BC
In 210 BC, who petitioned the Comitia Centuriata to assign him his father’s command in Spain?
Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus
In 210 BC, Scipio Africanus had what legislative body assign him his father’s command in Spain, though he was just an aedile?
Comitia Centuriata
Name the famouse Roman commander who was given “proconsular imperium” in Spain by the Comitia Centuriata, though he was just an aedile
Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus
What is the power Scipio Africanus was given by the Comitia Centuriata, allowing him to rule his father’s old command?
Proconsular imperium, in Spain
What famous Roman commander adopted the Spanish sword and javelin, having taken command of his father’s old army?
Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus
Scipio Africanus adopted what weapons when he was proconsul in Spain?
Sword and javelin
Name the victorious Roman commander at the Battle of New Carthage
Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus
How did Scipio Africanus capture New Carthage?
Attacking the neglected walls on the seaward side (because the water was deep), and scaling them
In what battle did Roman soldiers attack the neglected walls on the seaward side of the city, for its water was deep, and then started scaling them, capturing the city in 209 BC? They were led by Scipio Africanus.
Battle of New Carthage
What battle in the 2nd Punic War was a “double battle,” comprising of two seperate battles?
Battle of Upper Baetis
What two battles made up the Battle of Upper Baetis?
Battle of Castullo, Battle of Illorca
The Battles Castullo and Illorca made up what battle in the 2nd Punic War?
Battle of Upper Baetis
Name the pair of brothers who die at the Battle of Upper Baetis?
Publius Cornelius Scipio the Elder, Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus
Not to be confused with Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Asina (1st Punic War)
Scipio the Elder and Scipio Calvus both die at what battle?
Battle of Upper Baetis
At what battle within the battle of Upper Baetis does Scipio the Elder die?
Battle of Castullo
At what battle within the battle of Upper Baetis does Scipio Calvus die?
Battle of Illorca
Who dies at the Battle of Castullo?
Publius Cornelius Scipio the Elder
Who dies at the Battle of Illorca?
Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus
What two battles were in 210 BC?
Battle of Numistro, 2nd Battle of Agrigentum
When was the battle of Numistro?
210 BC
What battle was in 208 BC?
Battle of Baecula
When was the battle of Baecula?
208 BC
Who escapes from the Roman clutches in the Battle of Baecula?
Hasdrubal Barca
Hasdrubal escapes from Roman clutches in what battle?
Battle of Baecula
Name the two battles fought in 207 BC
Battle of Grumentum, Battle of Metaurus River
The battles Grumentum and Metaurus River were fought in what year?
207 BC
Name the two consuls of 207 BC
Gaius Claudius Nero, Marcus Livius Salinator
Name the Roman and Carthaginian commander at the Battle of Metaurus River
Roman: Gaius Claudius Nero
Carthaginian: Hasdrubal Barca
In what year were Claudius Nero and Livius Salinator consuls?
207 BC
In what battle was Hasdrubal defeated by Claudius Nero?
Battle of Metaurus River
In what battle is Hasdrubal decisively defeated, and his severed head thrown into Hannibal’s camp?
Battle of Metaurus River
In the aftermath of Metaurus River, whose severed head is thrown into Hannibal’s camp?
His brother Hasdrubal’s
When was the battle of Ilipa?
206 BC
What battle was in 206 BC?
Battle of Ilipa
Name the Roman and enemy commander(s) at the Battle of Ilipa?
Roman: Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus
Enemy: Mago Barca, Massinissa
In what battle were the forces of Mago and Massinissa ambushed by Scipio Africanus, resulting in a loss for the Carthaginians rivaling Cannae?
Battle of Ilipa
What battle in the 2nd Punic War rivaled Cannae in the number of Carthaginians dead?
Battle of Ilipa
The Battle of Ilipa rivaled what battle in the number of dead people?
Cannae
When was the battle of Campi Magni?
203 BC
What battle was in 203 BC?
Battle of Campi Magni
Name the Roman and Carthaginian commanders at the Battle of Campi Magni
Roman: Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus, Massinissa
Carthaginian: Hasdrubal Gisgo, Syphax
In what battle did Hasdrubal Gisgo and Syphax lose to Scipio Africanus and Massinissa?
Battle of Campi Magni
Scipio Africanus and Massinissa had allied against what king?
Syphax
Name the brother of Syphax who allied with Scipio Africanus in the 2nd Punic War
Massinissa
Scipio Africanus and Massinisssa sought the hand of what daughter of Hasdrubal Gisgo?
Sophonsiba
Sophonsiba was sought by what two men in the 2nd Punic War?
Scipio Africanus and Massinissa
Who was the father of Sophonsiba?
Hasdrubal Gisgo
Rather than be paraded in Scipio Africanus’ possession, what did Sophonsiba do?
Drank poison and committed suicide
What daughter of Hasdrubal Gisgo drank poison rather than be paraded in Scipio Africanus’ possession?
Sophonsiba
When was the battle of Zama?
202 BC
What battle was in 202 BC?
Battle of Zama
Name the Romman and Carthaginian commanders at the Battle of Zama
Roman: Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus, Masinissa, Gaius Laelius
Carthaginian: Hannibal Barca
In what battle did Scipio Africanus, Masinissia, and Gaius Laelius defeat Hannibal for good?
Battle of Zama
What was the decisive battle of the 2nd Punic War?
Battle of Zama
The battle of Zama ended what war?
2nd Punic War
When did Hannibal Barca commit suicide?
183 BC
How did Hannibal die?
Committing suicide
Where did Hannibal Barca die?
In Bithynia, at the court of King Prusias
Who died in 183 BC at Bithynia, in the court of his friend King Prusias?
Hannibal Barca
King Prusias, a friend of Hannibal, was the king of what kingdom?
Bithynia
When was the First Macedonian War?
214-205 BC
What war was from 214-205 BC?
First Macedonian War
Who allied with Carthage during the 2nd Punic War, but was held off by Valerius Laevinus through the Aetolian League?
Philip V of Macedon
Philip V was the king of what kingdom?
Macedonia
Who allied with the Aetolian League to hold Philip V off during the 2nd Punic War?
Marcus Valerius Laevinus
Valerius Laevinus allied with what body to hold Philip V off during the 2nd Punic War?
Aetolian League
When was the battle of Lamia?
209 BC
What battle was in 209 BC, not part of the 2nd Punic war?
Battle of Lamia
Name the Roman and enemy commanders in the battle of Lamia
Roman: Marcus Valerius Laevinus
Enemy: Philip V
Valerius Laevinus commanded what group against Philip V at the battle of Lamia?
Aetolian League
In what battle was Philip V defeated by the Aetolian League, led by Valerius Laevinus?
Battle of Lamia
When was the Peace of Phoenike?
205 BC
What treaty was in 205 BC, ending the First Macedonian War?
Peace of Phoenike
The Peace of Phoenike ended what war?
First Macedonian War
Who negotiated with Philip V to have the Peace of Phonike signed?
Sempronius Tuditanus
Tuditanus negotiated what treaty with Phlip V of Macedon, ending the First Macedonian War?
Peace of Phoenike
When was the Second Macedonian War?
200-196 BC
What war was from 200-196 BC?
Second Macedonian War
Who was consul in 200 BC?
Publius Sulpicius Galba
Publius Suplicius Galba was consul during what year?
200 BC
Macedon was whose province when he was elected consul in 200 BC?
Publius Suplicius Galba
What was Publius Sulpicius Galba’s province when he was elected consul in 200 BC?
Macedon
Who was the consul that wanted Rome to declare war on the Macedonians in 200 BC?
Publius Sulpicius Galba
Publius Sulpicius Galba asked Rome to declare war on what province after Philip V was expanding?
Macedon
Who was consul in 198 BC?
Titus Quinctius Flamininus
When was T. Quinctius Flamininus consul?
198 BC
Who proposed “Freedom and self-determination of all Greeks” at the Isthiam Games?
Titus Quinctius Flamininus
What did Flamininus proclaim at the Isthiam Games?
Freedom and self-determination of all Greeks
What battle was in 198 BC?
Battle of Aous River
When was the Battle of Aous River?
198 BC
What battle was in 197 BC?
Battle of Cynosephelae
When was the battle of Cynosephelae?
197 BC
Name the victors and losers at the Battle of Cynosephelae
Titus Quinctius Flamininus and Aetolian League defeat Philip V
At what battle was Philip V defeated decisively in the 2nd Macedonian War?
Battle of Cynosephelae
Who was decisively defeated at the Battle of Cynosephelae?
Philip V
What battle was in 195 BC?
Battle of Gythium
When was the Battle of Gythium?
195 BC
Name the victors and losers at the battle of Gythium
Titus Quinctius Flaminus, Achaean League, Rhodes and Pergamum, defeat Sparta
Who was king of Sparta during the 2nd Macedonian War?
Nabis
Nabis was king of what city during the 2nd Macedonian War?
Sparta
What battle was in 193 BC?
1st Battle of Mutina
When was the 1st Battle of Mutina?
193 BC
What war was from 191-188 BC?
Aetolian/Seleucid War
When was the Aetolian/Seleucid War?
191-188 BC
Who was king of the Aetolians/Seleucid Empire during the Aetolian War?
Antiochus III
Antiochus III was king of what empire/people during the Aetolian War?
Seleucid Empire/Aetolians (Aetolian League)
Rome allied with what power during the Aetolian War?
Pergamum
Who was king of Pergamum during the Aetolian War?
Eumenes II
Who advised Antiochus III during the Aetolian War?
Hannibal Barca
Hannibal advised what king during the Aetolian War?
Antiochus III
What battle was in 191 BC, in which Glabrio was the Roman commander?
Battle of Thermopylae
When was the battle of Thermopylae?
191 BC
Name the victorious commander at the battle of Thermopylae
Acilius Glabrio
Glabrio was the victorious commander at what battle?
Battle of Thermopylae
Who was military tribune to Glabrio at the Battle of Thermopylae?
Cato the Elder
Cato the Elder was military tribune to what victorious commander at the Battle of Thermopylae?
Acilius Glabrio
What battles was in 190 BC?
Battle of Myonessus, Battle of Magnesia
When was the Battle of Myonessus?
190 BC
When was the Battle of Magnesia?
190 BC
Who were the victors/losers at the Battle of Myonessus?
Victors: Regillus, Rhodian admiral Eudamus
Loser: Polyxenidas
Polyxenidas was defeated by Regillus and Eudamus at what battle?
Battle of Myonessus
Who was elected consul after the Battle of Myonessus?
Lucius Cornelius Scipio Asiaticus
Scipio Asiaticus was elected consul after what Roman victory?
Battle of Myonessus
Name the victors/losers at the Battle of Magnesia
Victors: Eumenes II, Scipio Asiaticus , Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus
Losers: Antiochus III
What was the decisive battle of the Aetolian War?
Battle of Magnesia
The Battle of Magnesia was the decisive battle of what war?
Aetolian War
What was the peace treaty that ended the Aetolian War?
Treaty of Apamea
The Treaty of Apamea ended what war?
Aetolian War
When did Antiochus III die?
187 BC
Who died in 187 BC?
Antiochus III
How did Antiochus III die?
Assassinated for robbing a temple at Susa
Who was assassinated for robbing a temple at Susa?
Antiochus III
Name Philip V’s two sons
Demetrius and Perseus
Demetrius and Perseus were sons of what ruler?
Philip V of Macedon
What son did Philip V kill because of false charges of treason?
Demetrius
Who ascended to the Macedonian throne after Philip V died?
Perseus
When was the Third Macedonian War?
171-168 BC
What war was from 171-168 BC?
Third Macedonian War
Name the first battle of the Third Macedonian War
Battle of Callinicus
The Battle of Callinicus was the first battle of what war?
Third Macedonian War
When was the First Battle of Pydna?
168 BC
What battle was in 168 BC?
First Battle of Pydna
Name the victor and loser at that Battle of Callinicus
Romans lose under Publius Licinius Crassus, by the victor Perseus
Publius Licinius Crassus lost to Perseus at what battle?
Battle of Callicinus
Name the victor and loser at the First Battle of Pydna
Lucius Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus of Rome, defeated Perseus of Macedon
Lucius Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus defeated Perseus at what battle?
First Battle of Pydna
Name the decisive battle of the Third Macedonian War
First Battle of Pydna
The First Battle of Pydna was the decisive battle of what war?
Third Macedonian War
Where did Perseus escape to after being defeated by L. Aemilius Paullus at Pydna?
Samothrace
He later got captured again though
Who escaped to Samothrace after losing at Pydna, but was captured shortly after?
Perseus of Macedon
Name the consul of both 182 and 168 BC
Lucius Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus
What year(s) was Lucius Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus consul?
182 and 168 BC
What happened to the Macedonian monarchy after its defeat in the Third Macedonian War?
It was abolished, and divided into 4 republics
The Macedonian monarchy was abolished and divided into 4 republics after what war?
Third Macedonian War
Where was Perseus ultimately exiled after being captured in Samothrace?
Alba Fucens
Who was ultimately exiled to Alba Fucens after being captured in Samothrace?
Perseus
When was the Fourth Macedonian War?
149-148 BC
What war was from 149-148 BC?
Fourth Macedonian War
Name the major enemy involved in the Third Macedonian War
Perseus
Name the major enemy involved in the Fourth Macedonian War
Andriscus
How was Andriscus involved in the Fourth Macedonian War?
He claimed to be a son of Perseus, and tried to restore the Macedonian monarchy
Who claimed to be a bastard son of Perseus, and attempted to reastablish the Macedonian monarchy after the Third Macedonian War?
Andriscus
When was the Second Battle of Pydna?
148 BC
What battle was in 148 BC?
Second Battle of Pydna
What was the decisive battle of the Fourth Macedonian War?
Second Battle of Pydna
The Second Battle of Pydna was the decisive battle of what war?
Fourth Macedonian War
Name the victor and loser at the Second Battle of Pydna
Quintus Caecilius Metellus of Rome defeated Andriscus of Macedonia
Metellus decisively defeated Andriscus at what battle?
Second Battle of Pydna
After what battle in what war was Macedonia finally made a province?
Second Battle of Pydna; Fourth Macedonian War
After the Second Battle of Pydna what kingdom was finally made into a province in the Roman republic?
Macedonia
When was Corinth sacked?
146 BC
What cities were sacked in 146 BC?
Carthage and Corinth
When was Carthage sacked?
146 BC
What commander of Rome sacked Corinth in 146 BC?
Lucius Mummius Achaichus
Achaichus sacked what city in 146 BC?
Corinth
What power tried to mediate the conflict between Rome and Perseus, annoying Rome in the process?
Rhodes
Interestingly, Cato the Elder stood up for these people soon after
Rhodes tried to mediate the conflict between Rome and what enemy?
Perseus
Who, in his Oratio pro Rohensibus made a strong plea for the Rhodians?
Cato the Elder
Cato the Elder made what specific oration (by name) to make a strong plea for the Rhodians after they tried to mediate the Rome/Perseus conflict?
Oratio pro Rohensibus
Who did the Romans accuse of colluding with Perseus, a king of Pergamum?
Eumenes II
Eumenes II was accused by Rome of colluding with who after the Fourth Macedonian War?
Perseus
Who was the successor of Eumenes II of Pergamum?
Attalus II
Attalus II was preceded by who in the kings of Pergamum?
Eumenes II
How were Eumenes II and Attalus II related?
They were brothers
Who was the successor of Attalus II of Pergamum?
Attalus III
Attalus III of Pergamum was preceded by who in the kings of Pergamum?
Attalus II
What king of Pergamum was more concerned with botany, zoology, medicine, agriculture, and gardening rather than regal affairs?
Attalus III
What did Attalus III like more than regal affairs in Pergamum?
Botany, zoology, medicine, agriculture, and gardening
Who died in 133 BC, willing his kingdom to Rome?
Attalus III
When did Attalus III die, and what happened soon after?
133 BC; bequeathing Pergamum to Rome
Who succeeded Antiochus III?
Antiochus IV Epiphanes
Antiochus IV Epiphanes was preceded by what king?
Antiochus III
Who tried to attack Egypt soon after he received the throne of the Seleucid Empire from his father?
Antiochus IV Epiphanes / Antiochus IV
Antiochus IV tried to attack what power after receiving the throne from his father, Antiochus III?
Egypt
When the Romans requested that Antiochus IV stop attacking Egypt, and Antiochus IV said he wanted time to think about it, who drew a circle around him in the sand, declaring he wanted an answer before Antiochus IV stepped out of it?
Gaius Popillius Laenas
Popillius Laenas did what to Antiochus IV when he asked time to think about Rome’s request to not attack Egpyt?
Drew a circle around him in the sand, and stated that he wanted an answer before Antiochus IV stepped out of it.
What king of the Seleucid Empire tried to Hellenize Judea?
Antiochus IV Epiphanes
Antiochus IV tried to Hellenize what province?
Judea
Antiochus IV was against the Jews under what leader?
Judas Maccabeus
Judas Maccabeus led what people to fight against Antiochus IV Epiphanes, who was trying to Hellenize Judea?
Jews
Name the brothers of Judas Maccabeus
Jonathan and Simon
Jonoathan and Simon Maccabeus were brothers to what leader of the Jews, who was on a mission to get rid of Antiochus IV?
Judas Maccabeus
What son of Lucius Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus helped Achaichus sack Corinth in 146 BC?
Scipio Aemilianus Africanus
After the First Punic War, in what year did the doors to the Temple to Janus close, indicating peace?
235 BC
What tribune of 232 BC passed a law that divided up the Ager Gallicus in allotments for the poor?
Gaius Flaminius
When did Flaminius pass a law that divided up the Ager Gallicus in allotments for the poor?
232 BC (when he was tribune)
What region did Flaminius divide up in allotments for the poor by passing a law as tribune in 232 BC?
Ager Gallicus
What consul of 223 BC won a triumph for his victory over the Insubrian Gauls?
Gaius Flaminius
As consul in 223 BC, Gaius Flaminius won a triumph for his victory over what people?
Insubrian Gauls
When did Flaminius defeat the Insubrian Gauls as consul?
223 BC
Viridomarus was the king of what people?
Insubrian Gauls
When was Flaminius censor?
220 BC
Who was censor 220 BC?
Gaius Flaminius
As censor in 220 BC, what two things does Flaminius build?
- Circus in the Campus Martius
- Via Flaminia
A censor in 220 BC, who built a Circus in the Campus Martius and the Via Flaminia?
Gaius Flaminius
When was the Via Flaminia built by the censor Flaminius?
220 BC
What city, the casus bellum of the 2nd Punic War, was located south of the Ebro River?
Saguntum
Where was Saguntum relative to the Ebro River?
South
Saguntum was south of what river, of which a notable treaty was made?
Ebro River Treaty
What was the only major naval battle of the 2nd Punic War, in 217 BC?
Battle of Ebro River
The battle of Ebro River (217 BC) was the only major battle of what type in the 2nd Punic War?
A naval battle
When was the Battle of Ebro River?
217 BC
Name the victorious and losing commanders at Ebro River in 217 BC
Victorious: Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus
Loser: Hasdrubal Barca
At what battle did Cn. Scipio (Calvus) defeat Hasdrubal in 217 BC, the only major naval battle of the 2nd Punic War?
Battle of Ebro River
When was the battle of Ager Falernus?
217 BC
At what battle was Hannibal nearly captured by Cunctator, but he escaped in 217 BC?
Battle of Ager Falernus
Who was nearly captured by Cunctator at Ager Falernus in 217 BC?
Hannibal Barca
Name the victorious and losing commanders at Ager Falernus in 217 BC
Victorious: Hannibal Barca
Losing: Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus Cunctator
At what battle did Hannibal defeat Cunctator, though narrowly escaping being captured in 217 BC?
Battle of Ager Falernus
What magister equitum of Cunctator that dies at Cannae in 216 BC?
Minucius Rufus
Where does Minucius Rufus, magister equitum of Cunctator, die?
Cannae
When does Minucius Rufus, magister equitum of Cunctator, die?
216 BC
When was the Lex Oppia passed?
215 BC
What law was passed in 215 BC?
Lex Opia
What did the Lex Opia do?
Restricted the amount of money women could spend
What law of 215 BC restricted the amount of money women coud spend?
Lex Opia
Name the winning and losing commanders at Dertosa in 215 BC
Victorious: Publius Cornelius Scipio the Elder, Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus
Loser: Hasdrubal Barca
At what battle do the Scipio Brothers defeat Hasdrubal in 215 BC, where Hasdrubal attempted to mimic Hannibal’s strategy at Cannae but loses badly?
Battle of Dertosa
What Roman ally dies in 215 BC?
Hiero II of Syracuse
When does Hiero of Syracuse die?
215 BC
Name the grandson of Hiero who succeeds him, leading Syracuse after 215 BC
Hieronymus
Name the grandfather of Hieronymus, his predecessor on the throne of Syracuse
Hiero II
What were the last words of Archimedes?
Noli turbare circulos meos - Do not disturb my circles
Whose last words were: Noli turbare circulos meos?
Archimedes
Whose last words were: “Do not disturb my circles”?
Archimedes
Who captured the city of Tarentum in 212 BC after defeating Penula at Silarus River?
Hannibal Barca
What city does Hannibal Barca capture after defeating Penula at Silarus River in 212 BC?
Tarentum
Name the victorious and losing commanders at Silarus River, 212 BC
Victorious: Hannibal Barca
Losing: Centennius Penula
At what battle does Hannibal defeat Penula, in 212 BC?
Silarus River
Who recaptures Capua (212 BC) from the Carthaginians?
Quintus Fulvius Flaccus
What city does Fulvius Flaccus recapture from Carthage during the 2nd Punic War, in 211 BC?
Capua
When was the 2nd Battle of Agrigentum?
210 BC
After Rome captures Agrigentum again (210 BC), they gained control over all of what region?
Sicily
After what battle of the 2nd Punic War, in 210 BC, does Rome regain control over all of Sicily?
Battle of Agrigentum
Give the nickname for M. Claudius Marcellus
Sword of Rome
What Roman was known as the “Sword of Rome”?
Marcus Claudius Marcellus
Who dies in 208 BC, also known as the “Sword of Rome”?
Marcus Claudius Marcellus
When does M. Claudius Marcellus die?
208 BC
What battle of the 2nd Punic War featured an ambush by Scipio Africanus, deceiving Syphax by lighting nearby reeds and bushes on fire, causing enemy troops to come put it out thinking an accident ensued, only to be met with an army?
Battle of Campi Magni (203 BC)
How did Scipio Africanus ambush Syphax’s army in Campi Magni (203 BC)?
He had his men light nearby reeds and bushes on fire, causing enemy troops to come put it out thinking an accident ensued, only to be met with an army
What Roman founded the Gens Porcia?
Cato the Elder
What gens did Cato the Elder found?
Gens Porcia
At what battle was Antiochus III decisively defeated by Domitius Ahenobarbus, Scipio Asiaticus, and an assist from Eumenes II in 190 BC?
Battle of Magnesia
What Carthaginian general allied with Antiochus III after his loss in the 2nd Punic War?
Hannibal Barca
Who did Hannibal ally with in the Seleucid War after his loss to Scipio Africanus and Rome?
Antiochus III
Where is Hannibal defeated by an elite Rhodian fleet during the Seleucid War?
Eurymedon (aka Side)
Who is defeated by an elite Rhodian fleet during the Seleucid War at Eurymedon/Side?
Hannibal Barca
When was the Treaty of Apamea signed?
188 BC
What treaty was signed in 188 BC?
Treaty of Apamea
What Roman quelled an uprising in Apulia, condemning 7000 slave shephards to death in 185 BC?
Postumius Tempsanus
Tempsanus quelled an uprising in what region of Italy, comdemning 7000 slave shephards to death in 185 BC?
Apulia
After Tempsanus quelled an uprising in Apulia during 185 BC, how many slave shepherds did he condemn to death?
7000
Name the first court house built in Roman history
Basilica Portia
The Basilica Portia was the first of what kind of structure to be built in Roman history?
Court House
When did Cato the Elder build the Basilica Portia?
184 BC
Who built the Basilica Portia in 184 BC?
Cato the Elder
Cato the Elder built what structure in 184 BC, the first court house?
Basilica Portia
When was the Lex Villia Annalis passed?
180 BC
What law was passed in 180 BC?
Lex Villia Annalis
What did the Lex Villia Annalis do?
Established minimum required ages for the various offices of Roman Republic
What law established minimum required ages for the various offices of Roman Republic, passed in 180 BC?
Lex Villia Annalis
Name the first stone bridge constructed in Roman history, in 179 BC
Pons Aemilius
The Pons Aemilius was the first bridge of what type to be built, in 179 BC?
Stone bridge
When was the Pons Aemilius constructed?
179 BC
What bridge, the first stone one, was built in 179 BC?
Pons Aemilius
What year had both consuls be plebeian for the first time?
172 BC
172 BC is special because both consuls were of what class for the first time in Roman history?
Plebeian
Name the father of Lucius Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus
Lucius Aemilius Paullus (who died at Cannae, 216 BC)
Name the son of the L. Aemilius Paullus that died at Cannae in 216 BC?
Lucius Aemilius Paullus Macedonicus
Name the person who led Illyria during the 3rd Macedonian War, after Teuta and Demetrius of Pharos
Genthius
Genthius was leader of what region, after Teuta and Demetrius of Pharos?
Illyria
When was the Third Illyrian War?
171-168 BC
What war was from 171-168 BC?
Third Illyrian War
How many provinces is Illyria split into after Genthius is destroyed in 168 BC?
4
In what year do the Maccabees overthrow Antiochus IV after he tried to change a Jewish temple into one to Zeus?
164 BC
Who overthrows Antiochus IV, literbating Judea, in 164 BC after Antiochus IV tried to change a Jewish temple into one to Zeus?
The Maccabees (Judas, Jonathan, Simon Maccabeus)
Who was born in 163 BC?
Tiberius Gracchus
When was Tiberius Gracchus born?
163 BC
Who was born in 154 BC?
Gaius Gracchus
When was Gaius Gracchus born?
154 BC
In what two years did the tribunes imprison the consuls?
151 BC, 138 BC
In 151 and 138 BC what happened to the consuls?
They were imprisoned by the tribunes
In 151 and 138 BC people holding what office imprisoned the consuls?
Tribunes
Who recaptured Tarentum from the Carthaginians in 209 BC?
Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus Cunctator
What city did Cunctator recapture from Carthage in 209 BC?
Tarentum
Although he was likely the son of a clothes-maker, who claimed to be the son of Perseus, inciting the 4th Macedonian War?
Andriscus
A person of what status was likely the father of Andriscus?
Clothes-maker
What alias is given to Andriscus, describing him as the “fake Phillip”?
Pseudo-Phillip
What Macedonian was known as “Pseudo-Phillip”, because he claimed to be the illegitamite son of Perseus?
Andriscus
Who was the grandfather of Cunctator, a general at the Battles Sentinum, Lake Vadimo, and Lautulae?
Fabius Rullianus
Fabius Rullianus was the grandfather of what man, made dictator after the disaster at Trasimene?
Quintus Fabius Maximus Verrucosus Cunctator
Name the trusted general of Philip V, his right-hand man
Chrysogonus
Chrysogonus was a trusted general of what Macedonian king?
Philip v
When was the battle of Cape Corycus?
191 BC
What battle was in 191 BC, in which Gaius Livius and Eumenes II defeated Polyxenidas?
Battle of Cape Corycus
Name the two battles of 191 BC
Battle of Thermopylae, Battle of Cape Corycus
Name the victorious and losing commanders at Cape Corycus in 191 BC
Victorious: Gaius Livius, Eumenes II
Losing: Polyxenidas
What co-tribune of Gaius Gracchus stole his popularity while he was founding Junonia, preventing his reelection?
Marcus Livius Drusus the Elder
Livius Drusus the Elder was the co-tribune of what famous Roman who died in 123 BC?
Gaius Gracchus
What leader of the Bastarnae did Crassus the Younger slew in single combat, thus making him entitled to spolia opima, though he was rejected this honor by Octavian?
Deldo
Deldo was the leader of what tribe?
Bastarnae
With what mixed ethnic tribe was Crassus the Younger ordered to engage with, whose leader was Deldo?
Bastarnae
What successful general defeated Deldo of the Bastarnae?
Marcus Licinius Crassus the Younger
Who, in 181 BC, forced the tribe of the Ingauni into submission by starving them out?
Lucius Aemilius Paullus
When did L. Aemilius Paullus starve out the Ingauni tribe, forcing them into submission?
181 BC
What tribe did L. Aemilius Paullus starve out in 181 BC, forcing them into submission during the Ligurian Wars?
Ingauni
Although Liguria continued for some time to be a favorite ground for Roman triumph-hunters, in 173 BC what consul went so far as to attack an unoffending tribe for the sake of taking booty off them?
Marcus Popillius Laenas
In what year during the Ligurian Wars was M. Popillius consul, who had attacked an unoffending tribe just for the sake of taking booty off them?
173 BC
What infamous deed did M. Popillius do in 173 BC, during the Ligurian Wars?
Attacked an unoffending tribe for the sake of taking booty off them
In 200 BC, what three tribes jointly attacked the river fortresses Placentia and Cremona in the prelude to the Ligurian Wars?
Insubres, Cenomani, Boii
When did the Insubres, Cenomani, and Boii attack the river fortresses Placentia and Cremona in the prelude to the Ligurian Wars?
200 BC
What two river fortresses were attacked by the Insubres, Cenomani, and Boii in 200 BC?
Placentia and Cremona
When was the battle of Lake Como?
197 BC
What battle of 197 BC featured a victory of M. Claudius Marcellus over the Insubres and Cenomani?
Battle of Lake Como
Give the victorious Roman commander and two losing Gallic tribes at Lake Como in 197 BC
Victorious: Marcus Claudius Marcellus
Losing: Insubres, Cenomani
This Marcellus was the son of the “Sword of Rome”
What Gallic tribe was finally defeated by Scipio Nasica in 191 BC?
Boii
What Roman commander of the Gens Scipio decisively defeated the Boii tribe in 191 BC, and was the son of Gnaeus Scipio Calvus?
Publius Cornelius Scipio Nasica
In what year did Scipio Nasica decisively defeat the Boii tribe?
191 BC
Name the father of Scipio Nasica
Gnaeus Cornelius Scipio Calvus
What military road was built in 187 BC, by the consul that year Aemilius Lepidus?
Via Aemilia Lepidi
There’s a Via Aemilia Scauri too, so make sure you know which is which
What consul of 187 BC built the Via Aemilia Lepidi?
Aemilius Lepidus
In what year was a lesser-known Lepidus consul, who also built a road called the Via Aemilia Lepidi that same year?
187 BC
During the Ligurian Wars, what Roman consul surpressed a revolt by the Sardinians from 177-176 BC?
Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus
Father of the more well-known Ti. Gracchus
During his consulships from 177-176 BC, Ti. Sempronius Gracchus (the Elder) surpressed a revolt in what province?
Sardinia
What consul of 178 BC, who had been sent to overawe a confederacy of Istrian cantons, went beyond his instructions in making a preventitive attack upon them, creating a war that ultimately resulted in the subjugation of Istria during the Ligurian Wars?
Aulus Manlius Vulso
When was A. Manlius Vulso consul? During this year he would be instrumental in creating a war with the Istrians that ultimately led to their subjugation by the Romans during the Ligurian Wars.
178 BC
What people did A. Manlius Vulso, during his consulship of 178 BC, create a war with that would ultimately lead to their subjugation by the Romans during the Ligurian Wars?
Istrians
After the 2nd Punic War, in 197 BC the Senate converted Spain into what two Roman provinces, providing for them the annual eletction of two additional praetors to govern them?
Hispania Citerior, Hispanis Ulterior
What legislative body of Rome converted Spain into Hispania Citerior and Ulterior in 197 BC?
The Senate
In what year did the Senate convert Spain into the Roman provinces Hispania Citerior and Hispania Ulterior?
197 BC
What western Roman province of the Republic was roughly co-extensive with modern Andalusia?
Hispania Ulterior
The Roman province Hispania Ulterior was roughly co-extensive with what modern-day country?
Andalusia
To start of the Spanish Wars, in 197 BC what tribe rose in revolt agianst Rome and received the support of Phoenician towns like Malaca?
Turdetani
In what year did the Turdetani tribe revolt against Rome, signifying the start of the Spanish Wars?
197 BC
When were the Spanish Wars?
197-179 BC
What war was from 197-179 BC?
Spanish Wars
What notable Phoenician city supported the Turdetani’s revolt against Rome in 197 BC?
Malaca
What people, whom the Turdetani enlisted for mercenary service during the Spanish wars, fought with them against Rome?
Celtiberians
What consul of 195 BC became supereme commander against the Celtiberians and Turdetani during the Spanish Wars?
Marcus Porcius Cato the Elder
Cato the Elder was the supreme commander against the Celtiberians and Turdetani during what war?
Spanish Wars
What Roman consul temporarily stamped out an insurrection of the Celtiberians, and opened up new lines of communciations between Hispania Citerior and Ulterior by following the course of the river Salo towards the soures of the river Tagus, during the Spanish Wars?
Marcus Porcius Cato the Elder
Cato the Elder was able to open up new lines of communication between Hispania Citerior and Ulterior by following the course of what river towards the river Tagus?
River Salo
What praetor forced the Turdetani tribe into submission in 194 BC during the Spanish Wars, decisively defeated the Boii in 191 BC right before the Ligurian Wars, and finally led a mob to kill Tiberius Gracchus in 133 BC as pontifex maximus?
Publius Cornelius Scipio Nasica
What Spanish tribe did Scipio Nasica force into submission as a praetor in 194 BC?
Turdetani
In what year did Scipio Nasica force the Turdetani tribe into submission, during the Spanish Wars?
194 BC
What territory of the Carpetani and Oretani tribes was occupied by the Romans during the Spanish Wars after a battle from 193-192 BC?
New Castile
New Castile was the territory of what two Spanish tribes before the Romans, led by Cato the Elder, was able to occupy it in 192 BC?
Carpetani and Oretani
What praetor was able to hold back Celtiberian invaders from taking the recently-occupied New Castile in 181 BC?
Fulvius Flaccus
In what year during the Spanish Wars was Fulvius Flaccus able to hold back Celtiberian invaders from taking the recently-occupied New Castile?
181 BC
What Spanish city was defended by Fulvius Flaccus against Celtiberian invaders in 181 BC?
New Castile
What two pro-praetors, in 179 BC, advanced from the south-east through New Catile, and northward from the river Gaudiani into the territory of the Vaccaei, to decisively defeat the Celtiberians, ending the Spanish Wars?
Spurius Postumius, Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus
Second guy is the father of the more famous Ti. Gracchus
In what year did Sp. Postumius and Ti. Gracchus (the Elder) decisively defeat the Celtiberians, ending the Spanish Wars?
179 BC
What people were decisively defeated by Sp. Postumius and Ti. Gracchus (the Elder) in 179 BC, ending the Spanish Wars?
Celtiberians
The decisive defeat of the Celtiberians in 179 BC ended what war?
Spanish Wars
What pro-praetor of 179 BC famously gained the confidence of the Spaniards as no Roman had succeded in doing since the departure of Scipio Africanus?
Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus
Father of the more well-known Ti. Gracchus
What man founded the city Gracchuris on the Upper Ebro after ending the Spanish Wars with Sp. Postumius?
Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus
Father of the more well-known Ti. Gracchus
What city did Ti. Gracchus (the Elder) found on the Upper Ebro river after ending the Spanish Wars by decisively defeating the Celtiberians?
Gracchuris
