The Modern World Terms Flashcards

0
Q

A plot of land where trees or shrubs are grown for scientific or educational study either individually or groupings

A

Arboretum

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1
Q

Referring to rural, especially to agricultural land, lifestyle, economy, etc.

A

Agrarian

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2
Q

Pastoral, bucolic, rural, rustic; simple or innocent; often used in reference to the English school of landscape designers of the 18th century and the American movement of the 19th century

A

Arcadian

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3
Q

An exterior wall around an open area or enclosed courtyard of a fortified castle during the middle ages

A

Bailey

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4
Q

A rectangular or cylindrical vertical post, column, or pilaster which supports a handrail or coping

A

Baluster

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5
Q

A term applied to a wall with a slight inward slope to its face

A

Batter

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6
Q

As part of a fortress or fortified town wall; a parapet wall with continuous series of indentions or openings between

A

Battlement

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7
Q

The higher sections of the parapet wall or battlement

A

Merlons

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8
Q

The openings of a parapet wall that provided shooting positions for defenders

A

Crenels

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9
Q

A horizontal mound of earth; an embankment

A

Berm

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10
Q

In highway or landscape construction, this term is applied to the ridge of earth at the top of a slope to divert the flow of surface runoff water and prevent erosion of the slope

A

Berm

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11
Q

The appropriation, or taking advantage, of desirable views or scenery that are visible from one’s own property but, are in fact, outside one’s ownership

A

Borrowed Scenery

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12
Q

A leafy shelter; an arbor

A

Bower

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13
Q

A Victorian, 19th-century style popular in England and borrowed elsewhere with bedding plants arranged in geometric patterns within a grass lawn; typically, composed of annual plants, which were alternated inti the scheme based in their time of bloom

A

Carpet Bedding

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14
Q

The normal maximum number of organisms that an area can support; generally expressed in terms of population per acre or per square mile for larger organisms; per square foot or per square cubic foot for microorganisms and soil organisms; dependent on the least abundant limiting factor of the environment

A

Carrying Capacity

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15
Q

A structure that is built like a castle or fortress with turrets and battlements

A

Castellated

16
Q

A small underground reservoir or pump in an engineered storm drainage system where surface water enters the underground portions of the system either by gravity or pumping

A

Catch Basin

17
Q

The upper window level in a building, rising above adjacent roofs of the other parts, such as the aisles in a church

A

Clerestory

18
Q

An open place for public assembly in an urban area

A

Common (Agora, Green/Square, Piazza, Plaza)

19
Q

The practice of selecting from various sources, usually in order to form a new system or style of design; combining historical styles of various types

A

Eclecticism

20
Q

A self-sustaining community of organisms plus their inorganic environment; must have an adequate resource of chemical nutrients, energy, and a balanced population of organisms

A

Ecosystem

21
Q

Organisms tied together in interlocking food chains (4 Types)

A

Energy Accumulators (Chlorophyll Plants)
Primary Consumers (Fungi, Microorganisms, Herbivores)
Second-order Consumers (Carnivorous Predators, Parasites, Scavengers)
Decomposers (Bacteria, Fungi, etc.)

22
Q

The science that deals with the interrelationships between organisms and their environment; study of the home

A

Ecology

23
Q

Greek word where Ecology came from

A

Oikos (house)

24
Q

In the English Romantic landscape garden, a feature in the scene that is intended to attract the attention of the viewer; a focal element

A

Eye-catcher

25
Q

A structure built solely for decorative effect in the landscape garden of the 18th century

A

Folly

26
Q

Having a garden-like qualities; being like a designed garden

A

Gardenesque

27
Q

Italian for “English garden,” particularly those developed in the naturalistic landscape garden style as popularized by the English in the 18th century

A

Giardino ingles