The Memory System Flashcards
The working memory - central executive
- overall control over all the information entering and leaving the working memory.
- identifies which information should be sent to one of the sub-memory systems
Phonological loop
- deal with the auditory information presented from the senses.
- has a phonological store and an articulatory system that helps it to produce a memory trace
- memory trace sent to the LTM trigger a motor programme - produce movement
The visuospatial sketchpad
- visual and spatula information
- helps to process information about the feel of the movement
- holds information about what we see - divided into 2 sections:
Visual cache, (info on form and colour), inner scribe (info on spatial spatial movement).
Episodic buffer
- coordinating the work of the phonological loop and the visuospatial sketchpad into sequences
- integrated sequences of sight, sound and movements which can be sent to the LTM
- produce patterns of skilled actions
Short term sensory store
- collets information entering the body via sensory system
- unlimited capacity
- can only retain information for up to a second (0.25-1 sec)
Selective attention
- information is prioritised and irrelevant stimuli are discarded
- allows the performer to gather only important information thus speeding up the decision making time.
Short term memory
- the working memory
- receives filtered information and compares it to the stored information from past experiences before the final decision is made.
- limited capacity of 5-9 pieces of info, (7 + - 2)
- retained for 30 seconds
- if info, is practised - passed to the LTM for future reference
Long term memory
- learned movements are stored. Info, that is approximately older than one minute is used
- encoded from STM is recognised and current / past experiences compared
- successful performances remembered or opponents strengths + weaknesses are remembered.
- info, decoded / sent to STM
Working memory and long term memory
- WMM produces a memory trace, mental snapshot of the skill being used, then works with the LTM sends the memory trace to it so the trace can be compared to info, already in the storage of LTM
- LTM sends info, back to the WMM for use in current sporting situation.
Storing information - strategies
Rewards - extrinsic and intrinsic, motivate to remember the correct instructions
Association - actions you wish to learn with appropriate actions or emotions already in the memory
Mental practise - subroutines of a skill are imagined repeatedly in the mind - help to store information in the memory.
Breaking the task down - prevent info, overload - learn one aspect before moving onto another e.g. a passing sequence
Chunking and chaining
Chaining;
When items of info, are recalled as a sequence, so that one movement links to the next. Helps store info,
Chaining;
Breaking the task into parts so that it is more easily recalled.
