Feedback Flashcards
Intrinsic feedback
Information from internal sources e.g. kinesthesis, Pole vaulter adjust during performance
- Feel of the movement as it is performed
- Detected by proprioceptors
- helps autonomous performers to correct movements
Evaluate intrinsic feedback
Advantages:
- Good at autonomous stage
- helps the fluency of the skill
- more attentional space… time to focus on peripheral stimuli
Disadvantages:
- less effective at cognitive and associative stages
- hinder learning if overused
- demotivating at the cognitive and associative stages
Extrinsic feedback
Information from an outside source e.g. coach tells the learn how to play a golf shot after the performance
- can be -tive or +tive
- used to support intrinsic feedback
- good at cognitive who have not developed the feel of the skill
Evaluate extrinsic feedback
Advantages:
- good at cognitive and associative stage
- helps understand correct movement pattern
- can be a source of positive reinforcement
Disadvantages:
- too dependent on extrinsic… less effective in developing kinesthesis which is needed to reach autonomous stage
- if over used, effectiveness as +tive reinforcement is lessened.
Positive feedback
Given by the coach when the movement is correct e.g. the teacher praising the correct passing technique in netball
- happens after someone has done the right thing
- can be intrinsic or extrinsic
Negative feedback
Given by the coach when the movement is incorrect or could be improved e.g. when control of the ball is lost
- can be intrinsic or extrinsic
- reduces the chances of bad habits developing
Evaluate positive feedback
Advantages:
- good at cognitive and associative stage
- gives confidence & motivation
- indicates which part of the skill has been performed correctly
Disadvantages:
- less effective at the autonomous stage when mistakes need to be identified
- loses impact if used too often
- ineffective if used too often
Evaluate negative feedback
Advantages:
- good at autonomous stages
- can finely tune well learned skills
- motivating for performer at autonomous stage
Disadvantages:
- less effective at cognitive and associative stages
- can hinder learning if overused
- demotivating at C & A stages
Knowledge of results
Information about the outcome or result of the movement. It is extrinsic e.g. a pass in hockey
- can be positive or negative
- useful at all levels of skill
Knowledge of performance
Information about the quality of the movement. It can be extrinsic or intrinsic e.g. a vault
- to do with technique
- can be extrinsic or intrinsic
- informs performer if the skill is correct or incorrect
Evaluate knowledge of results
Advantages:
- good at cognitive and associative stages
- allows correction after movement or outcome of the movement
- good for open skills because the result is the measure of success
Disadvantages:
- not as effective at autonomous stage
- corrections cant be made during performance
- not good in closed skills, technique often the measure of success
Evaluate knowledge of performance
Advantages:
- good at autonomous stage when kinesthesis helps with technique
- allows for quick correction
- effective for closed skills, technique can be adjusted during performance
Disadvantages:
- less likely at cognitive stage
- gained through experience so may take a long time to develop… long process may be demotivating and many prevent some learners from reaching the autonomous stage
