The Meat We Eat (Exam 1) Flashcards
What is meat?
The flesh from animals
What has meat contributed to? How?
The welfare of man for centuries
The muscle and associated fatty tissues supply the major portion of protein and energy needs
What is meat on the table an accepted fact of?
The affluent lives of most Americans
What is the problem with younger generations and how we obtained meat?
They know very little of the extraordinary achievement that brought them a quantity and quality of meant available no place else in the world
What is the amount and quality of meat consumed tied closely to?
Strong agricultural economies and the amount of disposable incomes
What causes the black spots in ham?
Blood splash
How many pounds of bacon starting at the age of 3 would need to be eaten to cause cancer?
10
What is the second most tender cut of beef?
Flat iron steak (Dr. Dinh’s favorite)
Which food has the most cholesterol?
Steamed shrimp
What do you do when pork smells bad and becomes slimy?
Wash and cook it
What book is the current state of animal agriculture based on?
A Tale of Two CIties
What are the best parts of the current state of animal agriculture? (6)
Constant nutritional advices Food safety warnings Leaner meat Safer and higher quality meat Comprehensive nutritional labeling Safe handling
What are the worst times of the current stare of animal agriculture? (2)
Environmental concern
Animal welfare concern
How are energy value of foods differently important for developed and underdeveloped populations?
Limit intake because of obesity and related diseases
Dying from starvation
Where do calories in human diets come from?
Fats (9 cal/g)
Proteins (4 cal/g)
Carbohydrates (4 cal/g)
Alcohols (7 cal/g)
Where does energy in meat come from?
Proteins and fat
Why are vitamins and minerals important?
They help the body metabolize to absorb nutrients
What are some nutrient deficiencies?
Growth stunting
Delayed development
What did parallel studies in Egypt, Kenya, and Mexico show for the growth, cognitive and behavioral development of children?
The quality of the diet was more important than the total amount of energy or protein consumed
What are the 4 essential nutrients?
Vitamins
Minerals
Essential fatty acids
Essential amino acids
What micronutrients are of paramount importance? (3)
Fe
Zn
Mg
What is bioavailability?
The amount of the ingested dose that is absorbed in the body
How many cattle were there in 2013?
90 million
How many pigs were there in 2013?
70 million
How many goats were there in 2013?
3 million
How many sheep were there in 2013?
5 million
How many poultry heads were there in 2013?
9 billion
How much of the population feeds the rest of the world?
Less than 2%
How has meat consumption changed?
Beef has declined
Pork has remained steady
Chicken has increased
How much beef export was there in 2013? 2015?
6 billion USD
9 billion USD
How much pork export was there in 2013?
6 billion USD
What are the different meat products? (5)
RTC RTE Individually wrapped IQF Innovative cuts
What is RTC?
Ready to cook
What is RTE?
Ready to eat
What is IQF?
Individually quick frozen
What countries are involved in beef trading? (4)
Australia
New Zealand
Argentina
Brazil
What countries are involved in pork trading? (3)
Canada
Denmark
Poland
What countries are involved in veal, mutton, and lamb trading? (2)
New Zealand
Australia
What are the major receivers of US meat export? (6)
Japan South Korea Hong Kong Caribbean Mexico Canada
What are the major receivers of US poultry export? (8)
Former USSR Eastern Europe Japan Hong Kong Caribbean Mexico Canada South Korea
Compared to 1977, what does beef production use in 2007 for: Feed energy Feedstuffs Land Water Fossil fuel energy Total carbon emissions
10% less 20% less 30% less 14% less 9% less 18% decrease
What are 5 technological areas we systematically improve?
Equipment Testing Dehiding pre-treatment Sanitation Plant operation
What can be used to kill bacteria?
UV light
How long does cleaning take?
6 hours
What is HACCP?
Hazard analysis and critical control point
How much of the world’s agricultural land is permanent pasture, ranch, or meadow?
2/3
How much of the permanent pasture, ranch, or meadow no suitable for producing crops consumed directly by humans?
60%
What is the most abundant component of plant dry matter?
Cellulose
What can rumen microorganisms use cellulose for?
Energy and biosynthesis
What species are very efficient in converting grain to muscle?
Swine and poultry
What are of great economic importance in the development of civilization?
Efficiency in using resources
What is very important in developing countries?
Diversified diets with animal products
When is national meat week?
January 22-28, 1984
In 1964, what was February designated as?
American Heart Month
In 1988, what was February designated as?
Meat Month
What happens to meat consumption when incomes increase?
It increases
