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Meat Science > Muscle Fiber Type (Exam 4) > Flashcards

Muscle Fiber Type (Exam 4) Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 2 types of muscle fibers?

A

Red fibers

White fibers

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2
Q

What is the superficial portion of the pig semitendinosus (eye of round) composed of?

A

80% white fibers

20% red fibers

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3
Q

What is the deep portion of the pig semitendinosus (eye of round) composed of?

A

80% red fibers

20% white fibers

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4
Q

What kind of muscle fiber is infraspinatus?

A

Red

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5
Q

What kind of muscle fiber is rhomboideus?

A

White

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6
Q

What kind of muscle fiber is complexus?

A

Red

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7
Q

What kind of muscle fiber is multifidus dorsi?

A

Red

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8
Q

What kind of muscle fiber is spinalis dorsi?

A

Red

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9
Q

What kind of muscle fiber is longissimus dorsi?

A

White

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10
Q

What kind of muscle fiber is latissimus dorsi?

A

White

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11
Q

What kind of muscle fiber is trapezius?

A

Red

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12
Q

What are the 2 characteristics that differ among muscle fiber types?

A

Speed of contraction

Primary type of energy metabolism

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13
Q

What types of muscle fibers do muscles have?

A

All

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14
Q

What types of metabolism do muscle fibers have?

A

All

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15
Q

How is muscle fiber type categorized by the speed of contraction?

A

ATPase

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16
Q

What is the actomyosin complex?

A

When myosin heads bind to actin molecules

17
Q

What does actomyosin ATPase activity do?

A

Get myosin ready to form cross-bridge with actin

18
Q

What is the primary protein responsible for contraction?

A

Myosin

19
Q

What is the S1 globular head extremely sensitive to?

A

pH changes

20
Q

If there is greater ATPase activity, what is speed like?

A

It is greater

21
Q

What are the 3 actomyosin ATPase activity categories?

A

Type I: slow, oxidative fiber
Type 2A: fast, oxidative fiber
Type 2B: fast, glycolytic fiber

22
Q

What is a key step in typing ATPase activity?

A

Incubating muscle fibers varying pH

23
Q

What does a pH of 4.3 do?

A

Inactivates the ATPase in fast fibers

24
Q

What does a pH of 10.4 do?

A

Inactivates the ATPase in slow fibers

25
Q

What are the ways muscle fibers can be categorized based on how muscle predominately generates energy?

A

Aerobic or anaerobic metabolism

Glycolytic or oxidative metabolism

26
Q

How is typing by metabolism done?

A

Energy generated through series of metabolic reactions catalyzed by enzymes

27
Q

What enzyme is involved in glycolytic/anaerobic metabolism?

A

Lactate dehydrogenase

28
Q

What enzymes are involved in oxidative/aerobic metabolism?

A

Succinate dehydrogenase
Isocitrate dehydrogenase
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide tetrazolium reductase

29
Q

How is a slow twitch, oxidative fiber classified?

A

β red

30
Q

How is a fast twitch, glycolytic fiber classified?

A

α white

31
Q

How is a fast twitch, oxidative fiber classified?

A

α red

32
Q

In the pig longissimus, what is the muscle fiber like?

A

fast twitch intermediate fiber

α white

33
Q

Look at characteristics

A

Look at characteristics

34
Q

What is an oxidative fiber like?

A 
Great oxidative enzyme activity
Low glycolytic markers
Low ATPase activity
Low peak force, fatigue resistant
Tonic mode of action: slow but sustained
35
Q

What is a glycolytic fiber like?

A 
Low oxidative enzyme activity
High glycolytic markers
High ATPase activity
High peak force, fatigue susceptible
Phasic mode of action: short burst but quick fatigue, not sustained

Meat Science (14 decks)

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