Animal Slaughter and Dressing (Exam 1)

Question 1

During handling, why is it important for the animals to be free of fear and pain?

Answer 1

Better meat quality

Question 2

When should animals be fasted?

Answer 2

12 to 24 hours before slaughter

Question 3

What are 2 reasons that fasting is beneficial?

Answer 3

Ease of evisceration

Minimal GI bacterial contamination

Question 4

What do you need when facilitating electrical stunning?

Answer 4

Free access to water

Question 5

What are 3 benefits to free access to water?

Answer 5

Ease of blood removal
Ease of pelt removal
Brightening lean color

Question 6

Why does water ease blood removal?

Answer 6

It thins the blood

Question 7

What did the Humane Methods of Slaughter Act of 1978 call for?

Answer 7

Human handling and stunning practices and procedures

Question 8

What did the Humane Methods of Slaughter Act of 1978 apply to?

Answer 8

All non-exempt federal and state plants

Question 9

What was an exemption to the Humane Methods of Slaughter Act of 1978?

Answer 9

Ritual slaughter

Question 10

What standards did the Humane Methods of Slaughter Act of 1978 create?

Answer 10

Maintenance and condition of pens, driveways, and slaughter facilities

Question 11

What voltage electrical prods did the Humane Methods of Slaughter Act of 1978 allow?

Answer 11

Less than 50 V, subject to inspector’s approval

Question 12

Can the animal be dragged without stunning according to the Humane Methods of Slaughter Act of 1978?

Answer 12

No

Question 13

What must the animal have access to if held for more than 24 hours according to the Humane Methods of Slaughter Act of 1978?

Answer 13

Water and feed

Question 14

According to the Humane Methods of Slaughter Act of 1978, an animal must be stunned before the animal can be _____. (5)

Answer 14

Shackled
Hoisted
Thrown
Cast
Cut

Question 15

Why is stunning used?

Answer 15

To comatize, not kill

Render animals unconscious without feeling pain

Question 16

Why is the medulla oblongata not destroyed?

Answer 16

To allow the animal to continue breathing and the heart to continue beating

Question 17

What are the 3 different methods of stunning?

Answer 17

Mechanical
Chemical
Electrical

Question 18

What is used in mechanical stunning?

Answer 18

Captive bolt stunning gun

Question 19

What does mechanical stunning do to the animal?

Answer 19

Concussion

Penetration

Question 20

What is the only approved substance for chemical stunning?

Answer 20

CO2

Question 21

Why is chemical stunning beneficial?

Answer 21

No broken bones

No kicking

Question 22

Is the stun-to-stick interval critical in chemical stunning? Why?

Answer 22

No

Heart pressure remains constant

Question 23

What is the length of unconsciousness related to in chemical stunning?

Answer 23

The length of time in CO2

Question 24

What species is electrical stunning used on?

Answer 24

Swine

Sheep

Question 25

What are the 3 methods of electrical stunning?

Answer 25

Head only Head-to-back Head-to-rib

Question 26

What are 2 issues with electrical stunning?

Answer 26

Bone breakage | Ecchymosis (blood splash)

Question 27

Is the stun-to-stik interval important in electrical stunning?

Answer 27

Yes

Question 28

How quickly should sticking occur after stunning? What happens if it takes longer?

Answer 28

Less than 60 seconds | Blood splash will occur

Question 29

What are 6 guidelines for electrical stunning?

Answer 29

``` Wetted No ot wands Electrode position No double stun 1.25 amps Less than 3 seconds ```

Question 30

What position can the animal be in for bleeding?

Answer 30

Horizontal or vertical

Question 31

Why do pigs need to be horizontal?

Answer 31

Reduce stun-to-stick interval, PSE, and bruising

Question 32

What is severed during bleeding?

Answer 32

Carotid arteries Jugular veins Anterior vena cava

Question 33

How is hair removed from swine? (5)

Answer 33

``` Scald Dehair Shave Singe Depilate ```

Question 34

In sheep, what is done during cradle dressing?

Answer 34

Skin forelegs and hindlegs Fist over breast, abdomen, and sides Fist over legs, back rump, and shoulder after hanging

Question 35

In sheep, what is done during line dressing?

Answer 35

Skin forelegs, hindlegs, neck, breast, hand-work, and pulling

Question 36

How many beef cattle are slaughter per day and per hour in a high speed operation?

Answer 36

4000-5000 per day | 350-450 per hour

Question 37

What kind of restrainer is used in beef?

Answer 37

V-Boss restrainer

Question 38

What is the rail system like for beef?

Answer 38

Continuously powered

Question 39

What is used to dehide beef?

Answer 39

Air dehider

Question 40

What kind of hide puller is used at Tyson Fresh Meats?

Answer 40

3-in-a-row

Question 41

What kind of hide puller is used at JBS?

Answer 41

Tandem

Question 42

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Answer 42

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