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Meat Science > Animal Slaughter and Dressing (Exam 1) > Flashcards

Animal Slaughter and Dressing (Exam 1) Flashcards

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1
Q

During handling, why is it important for the animals to be free of fear and pain?

A

Better meat quality

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2
Q

When should animals be fasted?

A

12 to 24 hours before slaughter

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3
Q

What are 2 reasons that fasting is beneficial?

A

Ease of evisceration

Minimal GI bacterial contamination

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4
Q

What do you need when facilitating electrical stunning?

A

Free access to water

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5
Q

What are 3 benefits to free access to water?

A

Ease of blood removal
Ease of pelt removal
Brightening lean color

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6
Q

Why does water ease blood removal?

A

It thins the blood

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7
Q

What did the Humane Methods of Slaughter Act of 1978 call for?

A

Human handling and stunning practices and procedures

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8
Q

What did the Humane Methods of Slaughter Act of 1978 apply to?

A

All non-exempt federal and state plants

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9
Q

What was an exemption to the Humane Methods of Slaughter Act of 1978?

A

Ritual slaughter

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10
Q

What standards did the Humane Methods of Slaughter Act of 1978 create?

A

Maintenance and condition of pens, driveways, and slaughter facilities

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11
Q

What voltage electrical prods did the Humane Methods of Slaughter Act of 1978 allow?

A

Less than 50 V, subject to inspector’s approval

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12
Q

Can the animal be dragged without stunning according to the Humane Methods of Slaughter Act of 1978?

A

No

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13
Q

What must the animal have access to if held for more than 24 hours according to the Humane Methods of Slaughter Act of 1978?

A

Water and feed

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14
Q

According to the Humane Methods of Slaughter Act of 1978, an animal must be stunned before the animal can be _____. (5)

A 
Shackled
Hoisted
Thrown
Cast
Cut
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15
Q

Why is stunning used?

A

To comatize, not kill

Render animals unconscious without feeling pain

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16
Q

Why is the medulla oblongata not destroyed?

A

To allow the animal to continue breathing and the heart to continue beating

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17
Q

What are the 3 different methods of stunning?

A

Mechanical
Chemical
Electrical

18
Q

What is used in mechanical stunning?

A

Captive bolt stunning gun

19
Q

What does mechanical stunning do to the animal?

A

Concussion

Penetration

20
Q

What is the only approved substance for chemical stunning?

A

CO2

21
Q

Why is chemical stunning beneficial?

A

No broken bones

No kicking

22
Q

Is the stun-to-stick interval critical in chemical stunning? Why?

A

No

Heart pressure remains constant

23
Q

What is the length of unconsciousness related to in chemical stunning?

A

The length of time in CO2

24
Q

What species is electrical stunning used on?

A

Swine

Sheep

25
Q

What are the 3 methods of electrical stunning?

A

Head only
Head-to-back
Head-to-rib

26
Q

What are 2 issues with electrical stunning?

A

Bone breakage

Ecchymosis (blood splash)

27
Q

Is the stun-to-stik interval important in electrical stunning?

A

Yes

28
Q

How quickly should sticking occur after stunning? What happens if it takes longer?

A

Less than 60 seconds

Blood splash will occur

29
Q

What are 6 guidelines for electrical stunning?

A 
Wetted
No ot wands
Electrode position
No double stun
1.25 amps
Less than 3 seconds
30
Q

What position can the animal be in for bleeding?

A

Horizontal or vertical

31
Q

Why do pigs need to be horizontal?

A

Reduce stun-to-stick interval, PSE, and bruising

32
Q

What is severed during bleeding?

A

Carotid arteries
Jugular veins
Anterior vena cava

33
Q

How is hair removed from swine? (5)

A 
Scald
Dehair
Shave
Singe
Depilate
34
Q

In sheep, what is done during cradle dressing?

A

Skin forelegs and hindlegs
Fist over breast, abdomen, and sides
Fist over legs, back rump, and shoulder after hanging

35
Q

In sheep, what is done during line dressing?

A

Skin forelegs, hindlegs, neck, breast, hand-work, and pulling

36
Q

How many beef cattle are slaughter per day and per hour in a high speed operation?

A

4000-5000 per day

350-450 per hour

37
Q

What kind of restrainer is used in beef?

A

V-Boss restrainer

38
Q

What is the rail system like for beef?

A

Continuously powered

39
Q

What is used to dehide beef?

A

Air dehider

40
Q

What kind of hide puller is used at Tyson Fresh Meats?

A

3-in-a-row

41
Q

What kind of hide puller is used at JBS?

A

Tandem

42
Q

Watch Temple Grandin videos

A

Watch Temple Grandin videos

Meat Science (14 decks)

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