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Anatomy > The knee joint > Flashcards

The knee joint Flashcards

1
Q

distal femur

A
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2
Q

patella

A
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3
Q

tibia

A
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4
Q

tibia from top

A
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5
Q

fibula

A
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6
Q

essential features of a synovial joint

A
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7
Q

knee joint classification

A
  • Synovial
  • Diarthroidal
  • Highly Modified Hinge Jt

(Compound Condylar)

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8
Q

bones involved in knee joint

A

• Femur

– Medial Condyle – Lateral Condyle – Patellar Surface

• Tibia

– Medial Condyle

– Lateral Condyle

• Patella

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9
Q

fibrous capsule

A
  • Is Attached To Articular Margins
  • Surround 3/4 Of Joint - Gap Anteriorly • Enhanced By:

– Expansions From Vs Med & Vs Lat

– Semimembranosus (Oblique Popliteal Ligament)

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10
Q

anterior capsule

A
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11
Q

posterior view capsule

A
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12
Q

synovial membrane

A

Lines The Fibrous Capsule

Attaches To Articular Margins & Edges Of Menisci

Anteriorly It Forms A “Pouch” - The Suprapatella Bursa

(Articularis Genu Muscle)

Posteriorly - Another “Pouch” - The Subpopliteal Bursa

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13
Q

Major synovia of the knee joint

A

Prepatella Bursa

Superficial Infrapatella

Deep Infrapatella Bursae

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14
Q

sagittal plane section of knee

A
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15
Q

anterior bursae of the knee

A

• Anteriorly (4) – Prepatellar

– Suprapatellar (Part Of Synovia)
– Superficial Infrapatellar
– Deep Infrapatellar (Sometimes Part Of Synovia)

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16
Q

posterior bursae of the knee

A

• Subpopliteal Bursa – Other Bits

17
Q

medial and lateral bursae of the knee

A

• Medially (5)
– Gastroc & Capsule
– Superfical To Medial Collateral Ligament
– Anserine Bursa
– Semimembranosus & medial condyle of Tibia – Between Semimembranosus & Semitendinosus

• Laterally (4)
– Gastroc & Capsule
– Lateral Collateral Ligament & biceps Fem.
– Lateral Colalteral Ligament & popliteus
– Popliteus & lateral condyle of femur (subpopliteal)

18
Q

ligaments of the knee, intracapsular

A
  • Anterior Cruciate
  • Posterior Cruciate
  • Transverse Ligament
  • Med. Coronary Ligament • Lat. Coronary Ligament
19
Q

tibial plateau

20
Q

ACL action + attachments

A
  • Attached Anteriorly To The Inter-condylar Area Of Tibia. Passes Backwards, Upwards & Laterally To Insert On Medial Surface of Lateral Femoral Condyle in Intercondylar Fossa
  • Action: Limits Extension, Prevents Hyperextension
21
Q

PCL action + attachments

A
  • Attached To The Posterior Inter-condylar Area of Tibia. Runs Upwards, Forward And Medially To Attach To The Lateral Aspect Of The Medial Femoral Condyle. Note Some Vertical Fibres
  • Action: Prevents Excessive Flexion. Also Helps Prevent Hyperextension
22
Q

transverse ligament

A
  • Joins Anterior Components Of The Two Menisci
  • It Is Variable, Sometimes Absent
23
Q

coronary ligaments

A
  • Are Derived From The Capsule
  • Bind Down The Edges Of The Menisci
24
Q

knee ligaments - extracapsular

A

• Medial Collateral Lig. • Lateral Collateral Lig. • Oblique Popliteal Lig. • Patellar Ligament

25
Q

medial (tibial) collateral ligament

A
  • Is Capsular (Thickening Of Capsule)
  • Superiorly From Medial Epicondyle
  • Inferiorly From Condyle & Upper-medial Surface Of The Tibia
  • Is About 8-9cm Long
26
Q

Lateral (fibular) collateral ligament

A
  • Is Extra Capsular
  • Superiorly From Lateral Epicondyle Of Femur
  • Inferiorly From Lateral Side Of Head Of Fibula
  • Is About 5cm Long
27
Q

Patella ligament

A
  • Is A Continuation Of The Patellar Tendon
  • Forms The Anterior Component Of The Capsule
  • Is Very Thick And Strong
28
Q

oblique popliteal ligament

A
  • Is An Expansion Of The Tendon Of Semimembranosus Muscle
  • Strengthens The Capsule Posteriorly
  • From Posterior Surface of Medial Condyle Of Tibia
  • To Central Part Of Posterior Capsule
29
Q

the menisci of the knee

A
  • Are Semi-lunar In Shape
  • Are Wedge Shaped In Section
  • Are Bound Down By Coronary Ligs

• Function:

– To Increase Congruency Of Articular Surfaces

– To Shock-Absorb

Anatomy (17 decks)

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