Ankle

Question 1

ankle bones

Answer 1

Question 2

talus

Answer 2

Question 3

calcaneus

Answer 3

Question 4

ankle joint classification

Answer 4

• Synovial – hinge
• Diarthroidal

Question 5

bones involved in ankle joint

Answer 5

• Tibia • Fibula • Talus

Question 6

articular surfaces of the ankle joint

Answer 6

• Tibia & Fibula Form A Mortise

• Talus forms a tenon – Medial Facet
– Lateral Facet
– Trochlea

• Note The Wedged Shape - Wider Anteriorly, Narrower Posteriorly

Question 7

fibrous capsule

Answer 7

• Attached To Articular Margins:

– Edge Of Articular Surface Of Tibia & Fibula – Edge Of Trochlear Articular Surface Of Talus

(Apart From Anteriorly) – Neck Of Talus

Question 8

ankle joint ligaments

Answer 8

• Medial (Deltoid) Ligament (4) • Lateral Ligament (3)

Question 9

deltoid ligaments

Answer 9

• Medial
• 4 Distinct Bands:

Anterior Tibiotalar

Posterior Tibiotalar

3. Tibionavicular 4. Tibiocalcaneal

Notes:
From Tibia To:

Talus*2 Calcaneus Navicular

Question 10

lateral ligaments

Answer 10

• 3 Distinct Bands:

1. Calcaneo-fibular:

– From Tip Of Lateral Malleolus, Runs Downwards And Backwards To Insert Into Lateral Surface Of The Calcaneus

• Posterior Talofibular Ligament

– Runs From Posterior Part Of Malleolus To Insert Into The Posterior Tubercle Of The Talus

– Very Strong

• Anterior Talofibular Ligament

– Flat Band From Anterior Portion Of Malleoli To The Talar Neck

– Weak

Question 11

ligaments of tibiofibular jt

Answer 11

• Interosseous Ligament
– Very Strong
– Continous With The Syndesmosis

• Anterior Tibiofibular

• Posterior Tibiofibular
– Deep Fibres: Tranverse Tibiofibular Ligament

Note:

Posterior & Anterior Tibiofibular Ligaments

Question 12

extensor retinaculum

Answer 12

Question 13

peroneal retinaculum

Answer 13

Question 14

flexor retinaculum

Answer 14

Question 15

movements of ankle jt

Answer 15

• Dorsiflexion
• Plantarflexion

• Minor Accessory Movement While Plantarflexed

Question 16

ankle joint stability

Answer 16

• Very Strong In Dorsiflexion
• Relatively Weak In Pl. Flexion

• Factors:
– Bony Morphology
– Tendons & Retinacula – Powerful Ligaments

Question 17

ankle neurovascularity

Answer 17

• Derived From:

– Malleolar Branch Of Peroneal Artery

– Branches Of Posterior & Anterior Tibial Arteries

• Branches Of:
– Deep Peroneal Nerve
– Superficial Peroneal Nerve – Tibial Nerve

Question 18

intrinsic joints of the foot

Answer 18

• The Subtalar Joint

• The Talo-calcano-navicular Joint • Calcaneo-cuboid Joint
• Navicular-cuneiform Joint
• Tarso-metatarso Joints
• Inter-metatarsal Joint
• Mp & Ip Joints

Question 19

talocalcaneal articulations

Answer 19

• Subtalar
• Talocalcaneonavicular • Calcaneocuboid

Question 20

dorsal ligaments

Answer 20

Question 21

plantar ligaments

Answer 21

Question 22

plantar ligaments 2.0

Answer 22

Question 23

extensor apparatus

Answer 23