Anterior and Medial Compartments of the thigh

Question 1

Thigh compartments innervation

Answer 1

Question 2

Transverse Section through thigh

Answer 2

Question 3

Femur

Answer 3

Question 4

List muscle groups

• Groups:

– Tensor fascia latae

– Hip flexors (2)

– Anterior compartment of thigh (4)

– Medial compartment of thigh (6)

– Posterior compartment of thigh (3)

Answer 4

11

Question 5

TFL O,A,I,Inn

Answer 5

• Tensor fascia lata – Origin

» Iliac crest btwn ASIS & tubercle

– Insertion
» Iliotibial tract

– Innervation

» Superior Gluteal Nerve (L4, L5, S1)

– Action
» stabilises knee in extension

Question 6

Iliotibial Tract

Answer 6

• Has Insertion Of 3/4 Of Gluteus Maximus & Tensor Fascia Latae
• Inserts Into Lateral Condyle Of Tibia • It Maintains Extension Of The Knee

Question 7

Iliacus

Answer 7

• Origin:
– Iliac fossa

• Insertion:
– Lesser trochanter of femur

• Innervation:
– Femoral nerve (L2, L3)

• Action:

– Hip flexion (prime mover)

– Together: trunk flexion

Question 8

Psoas Major

Answer 8

Origin:

– L1-L5 transverse processes

– T12-L5 bodies & IVDs

Insertion:

– Lesser trochanter of femur

• Innervation:
– L1-L3 ventral rami

• Action:
– Hip flexion

Question 9

Rectus Femoris

Answer 9

• Origin

– Straight head: AIIS

– Reflected head: ilium superior to acetabulum

• Insertion

– Quadriceps femoris tendon

• Innervation
– Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

• Action

– Flexion of thigh at hip

– Extension of leg at knee

Question 10

Vastus Lateralis

Answer 10

• Origin

– Femur: greater troch & lateral intertrochanteric line, gluteal tub, linea aspera

• Insertion
– Quadriceps femoris tendon

• Innervation
– Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

• Action
– Extension of leg at knee

Question 11

Vastus Medialis

Answer 11

• Origin

– Femur: medial intertrochanteric line, spiral line, linea aspera, supracondylar line

• Insertion
– Quadriceps femoris tendon

• Innervation
– Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

• Action
– Extension of leg at knee

Question 12

Vastus Intermedius

Answer 12

• Origin

– Femur: upper 2/3s of anterior & lateral surfaces

• Insertion
– Quadriceps femoris tendon

• Innervation
– Femoral nerve (L2, L3, L4)

• Action
– Extension of leg at knee

Question 13

Patella tendon

Answer 13

• Is Formed By The Union Of The Four Aponeuroses/Tendons
• Inserts Into Apex Of Patella By Four Identifiable Areas
• Some Fibres Of Vasti Continue Over Patella & Insert Into Tibia & Fibula, Reinforcing Capsule Of Knee

Question 14

Tendency for patella to dislocate laterally

2 mechanisms to stop this

Answer 14

– Buttress Effect Of The Lateral Femoral Condyle

– Distal Fibres Of Vastus Medialis Extend Further Than Those Of Lateralis

• And Turn Laterally Into The Patella

Question 15

Sartorius

Answer 15

• Classic Strap Muscle
• Proximal Attachment:

– Anterior Superior Iliac Spine

– Passes Inferomedially As Lateral Border Of The Femoral Triangle, Becoming The Roof Of The Adductor Canal Covering The Femoral Artery & Vein

• Distal Attachment:
– Anteriomedial Aspect Of Proximal Tibia

Question 16

Pectineus

Answer 16

• Arises:

– From Pectineal Line Of Pubis

– Fibres Pass Inferiorly, Posteriorly And Laterally To Insert Into Pectineal Line Of Femur.

• Nerve Supply:
– Femoral (L2-4) & Sometimes By Branch Of Obturator (L2-4)

Question 17

Adductor Longus

Answer 17

• Proximal Attachment
– By Tendon Of Origin From Body Of Pubis

• Distal Attachment
– Middle Third Of Linear Aspera By Aponeurosis

• Nerve Supply
– Anterior Division Of Obturator Nerve (L2-4)

Question 18

adductor brevis

Answer 18

• Is Behind Pectineus And A. Longus
• Proximal Attachment

– Narrow Origin On The Body And Inferior Ramus Of Pubis

• Distal Attachment
– By Aponeurosis Into Pectineal Line And Linear Aspera

• Nerve Supply
– Anterior Branch Of Obturator Nerve (L2-4)

Question 19

Adductor Magnus

Answer 19

Large Triangular Muscle

Proximal Attachment:
– Inferior Pubic & Ischial Rami
– Inferior Part Of Ischial Tuberosity

Distal Attachment
– Fibres From Pubic Rami Into Edge Of Gluteal Tuberosity – Fibres From Ischial Rami Into Linear Aspera
– Fibres From Ischial Tuberosity Into Adductor Tubercle

• Nerve Supply

– Adductor Portion:
• Obturator Nerve (L2-4) - Posterior Component

– Hamstring Portion
• Tibial Component Of The Sciatic (L4-S3)

• Special Features
• Four Small Osteo-aponeurotic Perforations For Branches Of Profunda Femoris
• One Large (Lowest) Perforation For The Femoral Artery & Vein

Question 21

Gracilis

Answer 21

Proximal Attachment:
– Body & Inferior Ramus Of Pubis

Distal Attachment
– Uper Medial Aspect Of Tibia (With Semitendinosis & Sartorius)

Nerve Supply:
– Ant. Branch Of Obturator Nerve (L2-4)

• Action
– Adducts Thigh, Flexes & Medially Rotates Leg Plus More*

Question 22

Thigh Proximal Section

Question 23

thigh middle section

Answer 23

Question 24

Thigh Distal Section

Answer 24