Shoulder

Question 1

shoulder bones

Answer 1

• Pectoral/shouldergirdle – Clavicle

– Scapula
• Proximal humerus

Question 2

clavicle

Answer 2

• Latin for little key

Question 3

scapula

Answer 3

Question 4

proximal humerus

Answer 4

Question 5

joints of the shoulder complex

Answer 5

• Sternoclavicular
• Acromioclavicular • Glenohumeral

scapulothoracic

Question 6

sternoclavicular joint

Answer 6

• Synovial saddle • Diarthrosis

Question 7

acromioclavicular jt

Answer 7

• Synovial plane

• 3 Ligaments:
– Acromioclavicular – Coracoacromial
– Coracoclavicular

Question 8

glenohumeral jt

Answer 8

• Synovial ball-and- socket

Question 9

glenohumeral joint synovial membrane

Answer 9

• Synovial membrane

– loose inferiorly

– Forms numerous bursae

Question 10

glenohumeral jt capsule ligaments

Answer 10

• Capsule forms ligaments

Question 11

glenohumeral jt + RC

Answer 11

Question 12

superficial muscle groups

Answer 12

• Superficial (5) – Trapezius

– Deltoid
– Levatorscapulae – Rhomboidminor – Rhomboidmajor

Question 13

trapezius

Answer 13

– Origin

superior nuchal line & external occipital protuberance

ligamentumnuchae

C7-T12 spinous processes

– Insertion
• Claviclelateral1/3

• Scapular acromion & spine

– Innervation
• Motor: accessory nerve (XI) • Proprioception:C3-C4

– Action

scapulaelevation,retraction, depression and rotation to abduct arm above horizontal;

neckextension

Question 14

deltoid

Answer 14

– Origin
• Claviclelateral1/3
• Scapular acromion & spine

– Insertion
• Deltoidtuberosityofhumerus

– Innervation
• Axillary nerve (C5, C6)

– Action

shoulder abduction past 15°

anterior part: shoulder flexion & medial rotation

posteriorpart:shoulderextension& lateral rotation

Question 15

levator scapulae

Answer 15

Levator scapulae

– Origin
• C1-C4 transverse processes

– Insertion
• superiorangleofscapula

– Innervation
• C3-C4 & dorsal scapular nerve (C5)

– Action
• scapulaelevation

Question 16

rhomboids

Answer 16

Rhomboid minor

– Origin
• C7-T1 spinous processes

– Insertion
• vertebral border of scapula near spine

Rhomboid major

– Origin
• T2-T5 spinous processes

– Insertion

• vertebral border of scapula from spine to inferior angle

Rhomboid minor & major

– Innervation
• dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)

– Action
• scapula elevation & retraction

Question 17

posterior muscle group

Answer 17

Posteriorscapular region (4)

– Supraspinatus – Infraspinatus – Teres minor – Teres major

Question 18

supraspinatus

Answer 18

Supraspinatus

– Origin
• supraspinous fossa of scapula

– Insertion

• superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

– Innervation
• suprascapular nerve (C5, C6)

– Action
• initiateshoulderabduction

Question 19

infraspinatus

Answer 19

Infraspinatus

– Origin
• infraspinousfossaofscapula

– Insertion

• middlefacetofgreatertubercleof humerus

– Innervation
• suprascapular nerve (C5, C6)

– Action
• lateralrotationofshoulder

Question 20

teres minor

Answer 20

Teres minor

– Origin
• lateralborderofscapula

– Insertion

• inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

– Innervation
• axillary nerve (C5, C6)

– Action
• lateralrotationofshoulder

Question 21

teres major

Answer 21

Teres major

– Origin
• inferior angle of scapula

– Insertion

• mediallipofintertubercularsulcus of humerus

– Innervation
• lower subscapular nerve (C5-C7)

– Action

• shoulderextension,adduction,& medial rotation

Question 22

gateways

Answer 22

• Gateways

– Suprascapular foramen

– Quadrangular space – Triangular space
– Triangular interval

Question 23

subscapularis

Answer 23

4. Subscapularis

– Origin
• subscapular fossa of scapula

– Insertion
• lesser tubercle of humerus

– Innervation
• upper & lower subscapular

nerves (C5, C6, C7)

– Action
• medial rotation of shoulder