Shoulder Flashcards
shoulder bones
• Pectoral/shouldergirdle – Clavicle
– Scapula
• Proximal humerus
clavicle
• Latin for little key
scapula
proximal humerus
joints of the shoulder complex
- Sternoclavicular
- Acromioclavicular • Glenohumeral
scapulothoracic
sternoclavicular joint
• Synovial saddle • Diarthrosis
acromioclavicular jt
• Synovial plane
• 3 Ligaments:
– Acromioclavicular – Coracoacromial
– Coracoclavicular
glenohumeral jt
• Synovial ball-and- socket
glenohumeral joint synovial membrane
• Synovial membrane
– loose inferiorly
– Forms numerous bursae
glenohumeral jt capsule ligaments
• Capsule forms ligaments
glenohumeral jt + RC
superficial muscle groups
• Superficial (5) – Trapezius
– Deltoid
– Levatorscapulae – Rhomboidminor – Rhomboidmajor
trapezius
– Origin
superior nuchal line & external occipital protuberance
ligamentumnuchae
C7-T12 spinous processes
– Insertion
• Claviclelateral1/3
• Scapular acromion & spine
– Innervation
• Motor: accessory nerve (XI) • Proprioception:C3-C4
– Action
scapulaelevation,retraction, depression and rotation to abduct arm above horizontal;
neckextension
deltoid
– Origin
• Claviclelateral1/3
• Scapular acromion & spine
– Insertion
• Deltoidtuberosityofhumerus
– Innervation
• Axillary nerve (C5, C6)
– Action
shoulder abduction past 15°
anterior part: shoulder flexion & medial rotation
posteriorpart:shoulderextension& lateral rotation
levator scapulae
Levator scapulae
– Origin
• C1-C4 transverse processes
– Insertion
• superiorangleofscapula
– Innervation
• C3-C4 & dorsal scapular nerve (C5)
– Action
• scapulaelevation
rhomboids
Rhomboid minor
– Origin
• C7-T1 spinous processes
– Insertion
• vertebral border of scapula near spine
Rhomboid major
– Origin
• T2-T5 spinous processes
– Insertion
• vertebral border of scapula from spine to inferior angle
Rhomboid minor & major
– Innervation
• dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5)
– Action
• scapula elevation & retraction
posterior muscle group
Posteriorscapular region (4)
– Supraspinatus – Infraspinatus – Teres minor – Teres major
supraspinatus
Supraspinatus
– Origin
• supraspinous fossa of scapula
– Insertion
• superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
– Innervation
• suprascapular nerve (C5, C6)
– Action
• initiateshoulderabduction
infraspinatus
Infraspinatus
– Origin
• infraspinousfossaofscapula
– Insertion
• middlefacetofgreatertubercleof humerus
– Innervation
• suprascapular nerve (C5, C6)
– Action
• lateralrotationofshoulder
teres minor
Teres minor
– Origin
• lateralborderofscapula
– Insertion
• inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
– Innervation
• axillary nerve (C5, C6)
– Action
• lateralrotationofshoulder
teres major
Teres major
– Origin
• inferior angle of scapula
– Insertion
• mediallipofintertubercularsulcus of humerus
– Innervation
• lower subscapular nerve (C5-C7)
– Action
• shoulderextension,adduction,& medial rotation
gateways
• Gateways
– Suprascapular foramen
– Quadrangular space – Triangular space
– Triangular interval
subscapularis
- Subscapularis
– Origin
• subscapular fossa of scapula
– Insertion
• lesser tubercle of humerus
– Innervation
• upper & lower subscapular
nerves (C5, C6, C7)
– Action
• medial rotation of shoulder
