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Anatomy > Forearm and Wrist 1 > Flashcards

Forearm and Wrist 1 Flashcards

1
Q

forearm compartments and innervation

A

• Compartments – Anterior – Posterior • Innervation – Median nerve (+ Ulnar n.) – Radial nerve

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2
Q

wrist

A

• Wrist region – Hand • Carpus • Wrist joint – Between forearm & hand

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3
Q

radius

A
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4
Q

bones of the hand

A
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5
Q

joints of the forearm and wrist

A

Proximalradioulnarjoint

Interosseousmembrane

Distalradioulnarjoint

Wristjoint

Intercarpaljoints

Carpometacarpal joints

Metacarpophalangealjoints

Interphalangealjoints

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6
Q

forearm joints classification

A

• Proximalradioulnarjoint – Synovial pivot

• Interosseousmembrane
– aka Middle radioulnar joint – Fibrous syndesmosis
– Amphiarthrosis

• Distalradioulnarjoint – Synovial pivot

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7
Q

wrist joint

A

• Wrist joint

– Aka Radiocarpal joint

– Classification
• Synovial condylar

– Components • Radius

  • Articular disc overlying ulna • Scaphoid
  • Lunate
  • Triquetrum
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8
Q

joints of the hand

A

– Intercarpal joints: • Synovial

• Movement:limited

– 1st Carpometacarpal joint: • Synovialsaddle

– Carpometacarpal joints 2-5: • Synovialplane

• Movement:gliding

– Metacarpophalangeal joints: • Synovialcondylar

– Interphalangeal joints: • Synovialhinge

• Proximal&distal

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9
Q
A
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10
Q

muscles of the elbow

A

• Anterior compartment of the forearm

– 8 muscles

• Posterior compartment of the forearm

– 12 muscles

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11
Q

muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm

A

• Anterior compartment of the forearm

– Superficial layer (4) – Intermediate layer (1) – Deep layer (3)

– Superficial layer (4)

Pronator teres

Flexor carpi radialis

Palmaris longus

Flexor carpi ulnaris

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12
Q

pronator teres

A
  1. Pronator teres – Origin

» Humeral head – medial epicondyle & supracondylar ridge

» Ulnar head – medial coronoid process – Insertion

» Lateral midshaft of radius – Innervation

» Median nerve – Action

» Pronation

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13
Q

flexor carpi radialis

A
  1. Flexor carpi radialis – Origin

» Medial epicondyle of humerus – Insertion

» Base of MC 2 & 3 – Action

» Wrist flexion & abduction – Innervation

» Median nerve

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14
Q

palmaris longus

A
  1. Palmaris longus – Origin

» Medial epicondyle of humerus

– Insertion
» Palmar aponeurosis

– Action

» Wrist flexion

» Resist shearing forces when gripping

– Innervation
» Median nerve

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15
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris

A

4.

Flexor carpi ulnaris

• Origin

– Humeral head – medial epicondyle of humerus

– Ulnar head – olecranon & posterior border of ulna

• Insertion
– Pisiform

– Hamate & MC 5 base • Action

– Wrist flexion & adduction • Innervation

– Ulnar nerve

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16
Q

flexor digitorum superficialis

A
  1. Flexor digitorum superficialis – Origin

» Humero-ulnar head:

» medial epicondyle of humerus & ulnar coronoid process margin

» Radial head:
» Oblique line

– Insertion

» Palmar surface of middle phalanges of digits 2-5

– Action

» Flexion of PIP & MCP of digits 2-5 & wrist

– Innervation
» Median nerve

17
Q

flexor digitorum profundus

A
  1. Flexor digitorum profundus – Origin

» Antero-medial ulna & interosseous membrane

– Insertion

» Palmar surface of distal phalanges of digits 2-5

– Action

» Flexion of DIP & MCP of digits 2-5 & wrist

– Innervation

» Lateral half by median nerve (ant interosseous nerve)

» Medial half by ulnar nerve

18
Q

flexor pollicis longus

A
  1. Flexor pollicis longus – Origin

» Anterior radius & lateral interosseous membrane

– Insertion

» Palmar surface of base of distal phalanx of thumb

– Action

» Flexion of interphalangeal & metacarpophalangeal joints of thumb

– Innervation
» Median nerve (ant interosseous nerve)

19
Q

pronator quadratus

A
  1. Pronator quadratus

– Origin

» Antero-distal ulna

– Insertion

» Antero-distal radius

– Action

» Pronation

– Innervation

» Median nerve (ant interosseous nerve)

20
Q

blood supply

A
21
Q

nerve supply

A
22
Q

brachioradialis

A
  1. Brachioradialis – Origin

» Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus & intermuscular septum

– Insertion
» Distolateral radius

– Innervation
» Radial nerve

– Action

» Elbow flexion synergist in midpronation

» Pronate supinated forearm

» Supinate pronated forearm

23
Q

extensor carpi radialis longus

A
  1. Extensor carpi radialis longus – Origin

» Distal lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus & intermuscular septum

– Insertion
» Dorsal surface of MC2 base

– Innervation
» Radial nerve

– Action
» Wrist extension & abduction

24
Q

extensor carpi radialis brevis

A
  1. Extensor carpi radialis brevis – Origin

» Lateral epicondyle of humerus & intermuscular septum

– Insertion
» Dorsal surface of MC2 & MC3 base

– Innervation
» Radial nerve (deep branch)

– Action
» Wrist extension & abduction

25
Q

extensor digitorum

A
  1. Extensor digitorum – Origin

» Lateral epicondyle of humerus & intermuscular septum & deep fascia

– Insertion

» Dorsal base of middle & distal phalanges of digits 2-5 via extensor hoods

– Innervation
» Radial nerve (posterior interosseous n.)

– Action
» Extend digits 2-5 & wrist

26
Q

extensor digiti minimi

A
  1. Extensor digiti minimi – Origin

» Together with extensor digitorum – Insertion

» Extensor hood of digit 5 – Innervation

» Radial nerve (posterior interosseous n.) – Action

» Extend digit 5

27
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris

A
  1. Extensor carpi ulnaris – Origin

» Lateral epicondyle of humerus & ulna posterior border

– Insertion
» Tubercle on medial side of MC5 base

– Innervation
» Radial nerve (posterior interosseous n.)

– Action
» Wrist extension & adduction

28
Q

anconeus

A
  1. Anconeus – Origin

» Lateral epicondyle of humerus & ulna posterior border

– Insertion
» Olecranon & postero-superior ulna

– Innervation
» Radial nerve

– Action
» Abduct ulna in pronation » Elbow extension synergist

29
Q

supinator

A
  1. Supinator – Origin

» Superficial - Lateral epicondyle of humerus & radial collateral & annular ligaments

» Deep – supinator crest of ulna – Insertion

» Radius superolateral to oblique line – Innervation

» Radial nerve – Action

» Supination

30
Q

abductor pollicis longus

A
  1. Abductor pollicis longus – Origin

» Posterior ulna, radius & interosseous membrane distal to anconeus & supinator

– Insertion
» Lateral MC1 base

– Innervation

» Radial nerve (posterior interosseous n.)

– Action

» Abduct carpometacarpal joint of thumb

» Thumb extension synergist

31
Q

extensor pollicis brevis

A
  1. Extensor pollicis brevis – Origin

» Posterior radius & interosseous membrane distal to abductor pollicis longus

– Insertion

» Dorsal base of thumb proximal phalanx

– Innervation

» Radial nerve (posterior interosseous n.)

– Action

» Extend carpometacarpal & metacarpophalangea joints of thumb

32
Q

extensor pollicis longus

A
  1. Extensor pollicis longus – Origin

» Posterior ulna & interosseous membrane distal to abductor pollicis longus

– Insertion

» Dorsal base of thumb distal phalanx

– Innervation

» Radial nerve (posterior interosseous n.)

– Action
» Extend digit 1

33
Q

extensor indicis

A
  1. Extensor indicis – Origin

» Posterior ulna & interosseous membrane distal to extensor pollicis longus

– Insertion
» Digit 2 extensor hood

– Innervation

» Radial nerve (posterior interosseous n.)

– Action
» Extend digit 2

34
Q

neurovasculature of the posterior forearm

A
35
Q

carpal arch

A

• Sides

– Lateral

• Scaphoid&trapezium tubercles

– Medial

• Hamate hook & pisiform

– Roof
• Restofcarpals

36
Q

carpal tunnel

A

• Contents

– flexordigitorum profundus

– flexordigitorum superficialis

– flexorpollicislongus – median nerve

37
Q

forearm fractures

A

– Monteggia’s fracture- dislocation

  • fractureP1/3ulna
  • dislocationofheadofradius

– Galeazzi’s fracture-dislocation • fractureofD1/3radius
• dislocationofheadofulna

– Colles’ fracture

• Distalradiusfractureand posterior displacement

– Parry
• Distalulnafracture

Anatomy (17 decks)

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