The Knee, Ankle and Foot

Question 1

The knee is what type of joint?

Answer 1

uniaxial - hinge joint

Question 2

What is the angle that is formed by a line drawn from the ASIS to the central patella and a second line drawn from the central patella to a tibial tubercle?

Answer 2

Q-Angle

Question 3

The Q-angle is increased by…..

Answer 3

• genu algum
• increased femoral ante version
• external tibial torsion
• laterally positioned tibial tuberosity
• tight lateral retinaculum

Question 4

What nerve helps in extension?

Answer 4

Femoral Nerve

Question 5

What nerve helps in flexion?

Answer 5

Sciatic Nerve

Question 6

What provides sagittal plane stability?

Answer 6

cruciate ligament

Question 7

What ligament keeps the femur from being displaced posteriorly on the tibia, and prevents the tibia from being anteriorly displaced relative to the femur?

Answer 7

ACL (anterior cruciate ligament)

Question 8

What ligament runs from the posterior tibia to the anterior femur and keeps the femur from being displaced anteriorly on the tibia? (is less likely to be injured)

Answer 8

PCL (posterior cruciate ligament)

Question 9

What are the 2 types of collaterals?

Answer 9

MCL & LCL

Question 10

What provides stability from a blow to the lateral knee?

Answer 10

MCL

Question 11

What provides stability from a blow to the medial knee?

Answer 11

LCL

Question 12

What is designed to absorb shock?

Answer 12

meniscus

Question 13

What is the area behind the knee that contains blood vessels and nerves?

Answer 13

popliteal space

Question 14

PATHOLOGY : knock knees, knees touch with ankles apart

Answer 14

Genu Valgum

Question 15

PATHOLOGY : bow legs, knees apart but ankles touch

Answer 15

Genu Varum

Question 16

PATHOLOGY : knee positioned in hyperextension during stance

Answer 16

Genu Recurvatum

Question 17

PATHOLOGY : softening and degeneration of the cartilage on posterior aspect of the patella causing anterior knee pain

Answer 17

Chondromalacia Patella

Question 18

PATHOLOGY : occurs with constant pressure between the skin and the patella

Answer 18

Prepatellar Bursitis

Question 19

PATHOLOGY : causes diffuse anterior knee pain

Answer 19

Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

Question 20

PATHOLOGY : tenderness at patellar tendon from overstress

Answer 20

Jumper’s Knee

Question 21

PATHOLOGY : knee injury to ACL, MCL and medial meniscus

Answer 21

Unholy Triad

Question 22

What are the 7 tarsal bones?

Answer 22

1) calcaneus
2) talus
3) cuboid
4) navicular
5) 1st cuneiform
6) 2nd cuneiform
7) 3rd cuneiform

Question 23

What are the motions of the ankle?

Answer 23

1) plantarflexion - foot moves downward
2) dorsiflexion - foot moves upward toward dorsal surface
3) inversion - bottom of foot turns inward
4) eversion - bottom of foot turns outward