Gait

Question 1

What are the 2 phases of gait?

Answer 1

1) swing phase

2) stance phase

Question 2

What are the percentages of stance and swing?

Answer 2

stance = 60%
swing = 40%

Question 3

The cycle is defined as the time from heel contact on one side of the body to heel contact on __________

Answer 3

that same side of the body

Question 4

when one leg is swinging through, only one leg is in contact with the ground

Answer 4

single limb support

Question 5

when both feet are in contact when the ground

Answer 5

double limb support

Question 6

What are the 5 stages of the stance phase?

Answer 6

1) initial contact (heel strike)
2) load response (foot flat)
3) midstance (single leg stance)
4) terminal stance (heel off)
5) preswing (toe off)

Question 7

What part of the stance phase is when the front foot is contacting the ground and the back foot is bearing the weight of the body and absorbing shock?

Answer 7

initial contact (heel strike)

Question 8

What part of the stance phase is when the single limb is able to accept the full weight of the body and is balancing on that leg?

Answer 8

load response AND midstance

Question 9

What part of the stance phase is when the foot is preparing to leave the ground and there is a transference of body weight to the front leg? The heel comes off the ground…….

Answer 9

terminal stance AND preswing

Question 10

What occurs when the foot is not in contact with the ground?

Answer 10

the swing phase

Question 11

What are the 3 stages of the swing phase?

Answer 11

1) initial
2) mid
3) terminal

Question 12

What type of gait is when there is lateral thrust of the pelvis due to weakness of the gluteus medius and gluteus minimis?

Answer 12

Trendelenberg Gait

Question 13

What type of gait occurs in the swing phase and is caused by the weakness or loss of dorsiflexors of the foot? (the person compensates by lifting the knee higher)

Answer 13

Footdrop Gait

Question 14

What is the most stable —-> least stable assistive devices?

Answer 14

• parallel bars
• walker
• axillary crutches
• forearm crutches
• 2 canes
• 1 cane

Question 15

What is the most stable —-> least stable UNILATERAL assistive devices?

Answer 15

• hemiwalker
• large based quad cane
• small based quad cane
• monopoint or standard cane

Question 16

What gait pattern is composed of 4 separate movements: right crutch, left foot, left crutch, right foot & is an extremely slow movement pattern but is the most stable? (Bilateral assistive device is used)

Answer 16

4 point gait

Question 17

What gait pattern is composed of 3 separate movements: device first, then opposite LE and then remaining extremity? (only ONE assistive device is used)

Answer 17

modified 4 point gait

Question 18

What gait pattern requires the use of bilateral assistive devices or a standard or rolling walker? The device is placed forward first, followed by moving the affect LE forward, taking the body weight on the hands, then stepping through with the non-affected foot

Answer 18

3 point gait

Question 19

What gait pattern requires the use of bilateral assistive devices or a reciprocal walker? Only 2 movements rather than 4 separate movements (right cane, left foot - like skiing)

Answer 19

2 point gait

Question 20

What gait pattern is when one assistive device is used and is placed on the patients NON-involved side?

Answer 20

modified 2 point gait

Question 21

What gait pattern is when both crutches are advanced, either individually or together and the feet are dragged through the floor, following an imaginary line just behind the crutches?

Answer 21

drag-to-gait

Question 22

What gait pattern is when both crutches are advanced individually or together, followed by swinging the feet slightly off the floor along an imaginary line, just behind the crutches?

Answer 22

swing-to-gait

Question 23

What gait pattern is when both crutches are advanced together and the feet are swung through beyond the line of the crutches?

Answer 23

swing-through-gait