Gait Flashcards
What are the 2 phases of gait?
1) swing phase
2) stance phase
What are the percentages of stance and swing?
stance = 60% swing = 40%
The cycle is defined as the time from heel contact on one side of the body to heel contact on __________
that same side of the body
when one leg is swinging through, only one leg is in contact with the ground
single limb support
when both feet are in contact when the ground
double limb support
What are the 5 stages of the stance phase?
1) initial contact (heel strike)
2) load response (foot flat)
3) midstance (single leg stance)
4) terminal stance (heel off)
5) preswing (toe off)
What part of the stance phase is when the front foot is contacting the ground and the back foot is bearing the weight of the body and absorbing shock?
initial contact (heel strike)
What part of the stance phase is when the single limb is able to accept the full weight of the body and is balancing on that leg?
load response AND midstance
What part of the stance phase is when the foot is preparing to leave the ground and there is a transference of body weight to the front leg? The heel comes off the ground…….
terminal stance AND preswing
What occurs when the foot is not in contact with the ground?
the swing phase
What are the 3 stages of the swing phase?
1) initial
2) mid
3) terminal
What type of gait is when there is lateral thrust of the pelvis due to weakness of the gluteus medius and gluteus minimis?
Trendelenberg Gait
What type of gait occurs in the swing phase and is caused by the weakness or loss of dorsiflexors of the foot? (the person compensates by lifting the knee higher)
Footdrop Gait
What is the most stable —-> least stable assistive devices?
- parallel bars
- walker
- axillary crutches
- forearm crutches
- 2 canes
- 1 cane
What is the most stable —-> least stable UNILATERAL assistive devices?
- hemiwalker
- large based quad cane
- small based quad cane
- monopoint or standard cane
What gait pattern is composed of 4 separate movements: right crutch, left foot, left crutch, right foot & is an extremely slow movement pattern but is the most stable? (Bilateral assistive device is used)
4 point gait
What gait pattern is composed of 3 separate movements: device first, then opposite LE and then remaining extremity? (only ONE assistive device is used)
modified 4 point gait
What gait pattern requires the use of bilateral assistive devices or a standard or rolling walker? The device is placed forward first, followed by moving the affect LE forward, taking the body weight on the hands, then stepping through with the non-affected foot
3 point gait
What gait pattern requires the use of bilateral assistive devices or a reciprocal walker? Only 2 movements rather than 4 separate movements (right cane, left foot - like skiing)
2 point gait
What gait pattern is when one assistive device is used and is placed on the patients NON-involved side?
modified 2 point gait
What gait pattern is when both crutches are advanced, either individually or together and the feet are dragged through the floor, following an imaginary line just behind the crutches?
drag-to-gait
What gait pattern is when both crutches are advanced individually or together, followed by swinging the feet slightly off the floor along an imaginary line, just behind the crutches?
swing-to-gait
What gait pattern is when both crutches are advanced together and the feet are swung through beyond the line of the crutches?
swing-through-gait
