The Knee Flashcards
What 3 bones articulate at the knee
Femur, tibia, patella
What are the two joints at the knee
Tibiofemoral (knee joint)
Patellofermoral
Hinge joint
What is a condyle
The widening of bones at the ends
What is the role of the meniscus
Stability
Lubrication
Shock absorption
What kind of bone is the patella
Sesamoid (a bone embedded into a tendon)
What is the role of the patella
Protects anterior knee structures from trauma
Acts as a lever, increased lever arm of quadriceps - increases torque of the quads by increasing distance from axis of motion
What are the main parts of the pelvis
Ilium - big but
Ischium - bit you sit on
Acetabulum- socket where femur articulates
What is the iliac crest and what are the three parts
Top curved edge of the ilium
- ASIS
- iliac spine
- AIIS
What is the bony prominence of the ischium
Ishchial tuberosity
What is the lateral prominence at the top of the femur
Greater trochanter
What is the smaller medial bony prominence at the top of the femur
Lesser trochanter
What is the pointed surface along the posterior side of the femur
Linea aspera, muscles attach to this
What are the for quadriceps muscles
Rectus femoris
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius
Vastus lateralis
Where is the rectus femoris
Middle, largest
Where is the Vastus medialis
Most medial
Where is the vastus lateralis
Most lateral
Where is the Vastus intermedius
Hidden deep to the rectus femoris, between medial and lateral
Where do all quad muscles insert
Tibial tuberosity
What are the three hamstring muscles
Biceps femoris
Semitendinosus
Semi membranous
Where is the bicep femoris
Most lateral
Where is the semitendinosus
Most medial
Where is the semi meembranosus
Middle
What are the other knee flexors
Gastrocnemius
Popliteus
Sartorius
Gracilis
What is it called when a muscle passes through two joints
Biarticular
What happens when a muscle with multiple joint actions is articulated
Equal force applied at both ends of the muscle
The end with better lever arm generates more torque for the same effort
What is the Q angle
The angle of the line of pull at the quadriceps
What are the two malalignments of the knee
Valgus- knock knees
Varus- bow legs
What is chondromalacia patella
Anterior knee pain
Mist racking of patella and damage to patella-femoral cartilage
Caused by
High Q angle
Pronation
High patella
Weak Vastus medialis
