The Kidney Flashcards
What are the main two parts of the kidney
-> outer cortex
-> inner medulla
What does the renal artery do
Feeds dirty blood to the cortex,
How is blood filtered into its filtrates
The high pressure from the artery squeezes out ions, water, urea and sugar into the bowman’s capsule.
Useful substances such as sugars, some waters and some ions are kept whereas urea is filtered out
How do the useful substances get absorbed into the blood
The filtrates (ions, water and glucose) pass along the nephron where they are then re absorbed into the blood stream by the arteries or excreted in the form of urine
How does blood move through kidneys
- dirty blood enters through renal artery
- in the cortex, enters the glomerulus
- high pressure of the blood in the artery squeezes out ions, sugars, water and urea
- the filtrates pass through the semi permeable membrane of the bowman’s capsule
- they travel through the long tubes of tubules
- the useful substances (glucose, most water and some minerals) are re absorbed into the blood vessels through active transport
- urea, excess water and excess minerals travels down the ureter and exits as urine
Why is it important that the artery coils around the renal tubule
So that there is the maximin amount of SURFACE AREA of the artery touching the tubules meaning active transport can take place the most quickly and efficiently
What is a nephron
A structure found in the kidney responsible for filtering blood and producing urine
Diabetes can often result in high levels of glucose in the urine.
Which organ usually prevents glucose being lost from the blood when urine is made
Kidneys
What is the order of parts the blood passes through when being filtered through the nephron
1) Bowman’s capsule
2) Proximal convoluted tubule
3) Loop of Henlé
4) second coiled region
5) collecting duct
The hormone ADH affects the permeability of part of the kidney tubule.
Name the part of the tubule affected by ADH.
Collecting duct
