The impact of physical activity on sport an health

Question 1

What are the conditions that can occur?

Answer 1

1. Coronary heart disease.
2. High blood pressure
3. Cholesterol levels
4. Stroke

Question 2

What causes coronary heart disease?

Answer 2

• CHD is called by atherosclerosis.
• This is caused by a build up of fatty acids (atheroma) in the coronary arteries.
• This build up leads to a narrowing or a complete blockage of the arteries.

Question 3

What happens when blood flow is reduced to the heart?

Answer 3

• When blood flow is reduced to the heart this causes pain.
• This pain is caused angina.

Question 4

What causes a heart attack?

Answer 4

• A heart attack is caused when a piece of atheroma breaks off and causes a blood clot.
• This stops oxygen from getting to the heart.

Question 5

How can exercise reduce the risk of CHD?

Answer 5

1. Regular exercise will keep the heart healthy.
2. Maintains the flexibility of the blood vessels (ensures good blood flow, normal bp and low cholesterol levels).
3. A minimum of 2 1/2 hours of moderate exercise should take place per week to reduce the risks of CHD.

Question 6

High blood pressure

Answer 6

• High blood pressure puts extra strain on the arteries and the heart.
  It can lead to:
• Heart attack
• Heart failure
• Stroke

Question 7

How will regular exercise reduce the risk of high bp?

Answer 7

• Regular exercise will reduce both systolic and diastolic blood pressure by up to 10 mmHg.

Question 8

Cholesterol levels (LDL’s)

Answer 8

LDL (BAD)- Low density lipoprotein.
- These transport cholesterol to the tissues.
- They cause heart attacks.
- Found in animal fats (red meats).

Question 9

Cholesterol levels (HDL’s)

Answer 9

HDL (GOOD)- High density lipoprotein.
- These transport cholesterol to the liver where they are broken down.
- Found in avocados.

Question 10

How does regular exercise help cholesterol levels?

Answer 10

• Decreases LDL’s and increases HDL’s.

Question 11

What is a stroke caused by?

Answer 11

• A stroke is caused when blood supply is cut off from the brain.
• When blood stops getting to the brain, the brain begins to die.
• Stroke causes brain injury, disability and death.

Question 12

What are the 2 types of stroke?

Answer 12

Ischemic- blood clot in the brain.
Haemorrhagic- blood vessels burst in the brain (caused by stress).

Question 13

How can regular exercise reduce the risk of a stroke?

Answer 13

• Regular exercise can reduce the risk of a stroke by 27%.