the hypothalamus and pituitary Flashcards
What kind of function does the hypothalamus have
neuroendocrine
What kind of chemicals are released by the hypothalamus
neurohormones
What connects the hypothalamus to the pituitary
The infundibulum which is an extension of the hypothalamus
How does the hypothalamus communicate with the anterior pituitary
neurohormones
What connects the anterior pituitary to the hypothalamus
capillary portal system
What is another name for the anterior pituitary
adenohypophysis
How much of the pituitary does the anterior and pituitary make up
anterior - 2/3
posterior - 1/3
What produces the neurohormones which the posterior pituitary secretes
hypothalamus
What is another name of the posterior pituitary
neurohypophysis
What does the pars intermedia secrete
Melanocyte stimulating hormone
What are tropic hormones
Hormones which govern the release of another hormone
What kind of hormones are released by the hypothalamus
neurohormones
What kind of hormones are released by the anterior pituitary gland
endocrine hormones
What kind of hormones are released by the posterior pituitary gland
neurohormones
What are neurotrophic hypothalamic neurohormones
Neurohormones produced in the hypothalamus which travel to the posterior pituitary through axons of the hypothalamus neurons where they are then released by the posterior pituitary into the blood
What are hypothalamic trophic neurohormones function
They are secreted into the capillaries travelling to the anterior pituitary which govern the release of a anterior pituitary hormone
What kind of neurons are in posterior pituitary
magnocellular neurons
What peptide neurohormones do magnocellular neurons in the posterior pituitary release
Vasopressin (ADH)
Oxytocin
What is the function of oxytocin
Aids expression of milk in lactating breasts
What are the hypothalamic releasing hormones
thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH)
corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH)
Growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH)
Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)
Prolactin releasing hormone (PRH)
What are the hypothalamic inhibiting hormones
Growth hormone inhibiting hormone (GHIH) - somatostatin
Prolactin inhibiting hormone (PIH) - dopamine
What is the hypothalamo-hypophyseal portal system
Network of tiny vessels which transfer tropic hormones from hypothalamus into the anterior pituitary
What hormones are released from the anterior pituitary
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Luteinising hormone (LH)
Growth hormone (GH)
Prolactin
What is the function of prolactin
Stimulates milk production from breasts during lactation
