Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology GCSE > The Human Nervous System > Flashcards

The Human Nervous System Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
GCSE Geography - AQA flashcards AP® Biology flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route B flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route A flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Edexcel Route A flashcards GCSE Religious Studies - Eduqas Route B flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is homeostasis?

A

The regulation of a constant optimum internal condition in response to internal and external conditions/changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does homeostasis regulate?

A

Body temperature, blood glucose concentration, water levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What the automatic control systems?

A

Nervous system and Endocrine system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are receptors?

A

Cells that detect changes inside and outside the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are coordinators?

A

Parts of the that receive the information from the receptors and coordinate a response (spinal cord or brain)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are effectors?

A

Muscles or glands that produce the response

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What does the nervous system do?

A

Uses electrical impulses to enable you to react quickly to your surroundings and coordinate your behaviour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does CNS stand for?

A

Central Nervous System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What stimulus does skin detect?

A

Touch, temperature and pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What stimulus does tongue detect?

A

Chemicals in food and drink

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What stimulus does nose detect?

A

Chemicals in the air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What stimulus does the eye detect?

A

Light

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What stimulus does ear detect?

A

Sound and position of head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How do you test reaction time?

A
  1. Sit on a chair or stool and place your non-dominant hand in front of you
  2. Your partner will stand and hold a ruler vertically with the bottom end in between your thumb and first finger
  3. Your partner will drop the ruler and you will catch it using your thumb and first finger
  4. Your result is the number the top of your thumb landed on
  5. Use the table to convert your number into your reaction time
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a voluntary response?

A

A response that is done consciously

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is an involuntary response?

A

A response that is done unconsciously

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are neurones?

A

Elongated cells consisting of a cell body and a long thin axon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How do electrical impulses pass from one neurone to another?

A

Thin projections called dendrites extend from the cell body and connect with other neurones to allow electrical impulses to pass to other neurones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What causes the destruction of the myeline sheaf?

A

Demyelination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What happens if you have no/damaged myeline sheaf?

A

Takes longer for electrical impulses to pass leading to slower reaction time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What do sensory neurones do?

A

Transmit messages from sense receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What do motor neurones do?

A

Transmit messages from coordinators to effectors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

How much of the body’s total weight does the brain compromise?

A

2%

24
Q

How much of the body’s total energy and oxygen intake does the brain use?

A

20%

25
Q

How much of the brain is water?

A

73%

26
Q

How many nerve impulses can a neurone transmit per second?

A

1000

27
Q

What age does the human brain fully reach maturity?

A

25 years old

28
Q

What does the cerebrum do?

A

Controls memory

29
Q

What does the cerebral cortex do?

A

Controls consciousness, language, thought, perceptions , memory and attention

30
Q

What does the cerebellum do?

A

Received input from the sensory systems of the spinal cord and other parts of the brain

31
Q

Where is the medulla?

A

Brain stem

32
Q

What does the medulla do?

A

Controls unconscious activities (e.g. breathing, heartbeat, heart rate, gut, vomiting, blood pressure)

33
Q

What does the pituitary gland do?

A

Produce and regulate hormones

34
Q

What does the hypothalamus do?

A

Controls instinctive behaviours - feeding, fleeing, fighting, mating - and links nervous and endocrine systems to pituitary gland

35
Q

What happened to Henry Gustav Molaison after he had his hippocampus removed?

A

Suffered memory loss - could not process short term memories into long term memories

36
Q

What happened to Victor Leborgne when he had a bleed in his Broca’s area?

A

He could only said one word - could not talk

37
Q

What can MRI scans do?

A

Show parts of brain that are affected by strokes and tumours

38
Q

What does the Retina do?

A

Allows you to see in dim light/colour

39
Q

What types of light receptors are in the Retina?

A

Cones and rods

40
Q

What does the Optic Nerve do?

A

Sends impulses to the brain so you can see

41
Q

What does the Sclera do?

A

Protects the rest of your eye

42
Q

What does the Cornea do?

A

Refracts light to the pupil

43
Q

What does the Iris do?

A

Changes size of pupil

44
Q

What do the Ciliary Muscles do?

A

Hold lens in place and can change shape of the lens

45
Q

What do the Suspensory Ligaments do?

A

Change shape of lens during accommodation

46
Q

What is Accommodation?

A

The process of changing the shape of the lens to focus the on the near or distant objects

47
Q

During accommodation, how do we see distant objects?

A

The ciliary muscles relax, suspensory ligaments tighten and the lens becomes stretched and less rounded

48
Q

During accommodation, how do we see nearby objects?

A

The ciliary muscles contract, suspensory ligaments slacken and the lens becomes short and more rounded

49
Q

What is myopia?

A

Short sightedness

50
Q

What is hyperopia?

A

Long sightedness

51
Q

What is wrong with the eye if you have myopia?

A

Lens is too curved or eyeball is too long

52
Q

What is wrong with the eye when you have hyperopia?

A

Lens is too flat/thin or eyeball is too short

53
Q

How do you treat myopia?

A

Concave glasses/lenses ~ spread out light before it hits your eye

54
Q

How do you treat hyperopia?

A

Convex glasses/lenses ~ refract light before it hits the eye

55
Q

What does Laser Eye Surgery do?

A

Changes shape of lens/cornea

Biology GCSE (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions