The Helping Relationship

Question 1

What two therapeutic elements combine in the treatment of behaviour disorders?

Answer 1

1. A therapeutic relationship between the client and therapist
2. Therapeutic techniques (could be biochemical or psychological)

Question 2

What are the six categories of mental health professional?

Answer 2

Counselling and clinical psychologists (Dr. of philosophy or psychology)

Psychiatrists: Medical doctors who specialize in psychotherapy and biomedical treatments

Psychiatric social worker : work in community agencies

Marriage and Family counsellors : problems from family relations

Pastoral counsellors: tend to focus on spiritual issues

Abuse counsellors: work with substance and sexual abusers and their victims

Question 3

What are 5 major treatment approach for psychological disorders?

Answer 3

1. Psychodynamic 
2, Humanistic 
3. Cognitive 
4. Behavioural 
5. Biological

Question 4

What 2 things does the psychodynamic approach focus on?

Answer 4

1. Internal conflict

2. Unconscious factors that underlie maladaptive behaviour

Question 5

What is the goal of psychoanalysis?

Answer 5

Help clients achieve insight

•Identify and redirect maladaptive routines and behaviours

Question 6

Insight

Answer 6

in Gestalt psychology, the sudden perception of a useful relationship or a solution to a problem; in psychoanalysis, the conscious awareness of unconscious dynamics that underlie psychological problems

Question 7

Free association

Answer 7

in psychoanalysis, the procedure of verbalizing all thoughts that enter consciousness without censorship
•recline couch thing

Question 8

What is free association used for?

Answer 8

probably will NOT lead to unconscious material

It provides clues concerning important themes or issues

Question 9

What did Freud call “the royal roads to the unconsciousness”?

Answer 9

Dreams

Question 10

How can dream interpretation to be done

Answer 10

Client free associates to each element in the dream and therapist helps them arrive at what they mean?

Question 11

Resistance

Answer 11

largely unconscious manoeuvres that protect clients from dealing with anxiety-arousing material in therapy

Question 12

Transference

Answer 12

the psychoanalytic phenomenon in which a client responds irrationally to the analyst as if the latter were an important person from the client’s past who plays an important role in the client’s dynamics

Question 13

What are the two types of transference?

Answer 13

1. positive: Occurs when a client transfers feelings of intense affection, dependency or love to the analyst
2. Negative: irrational expressions of anger, hatred and disappointment

Question 14

What are interpretations and how are they used by analysts?

Answer 14

in psychoanalysis, a statement made by the analyst that is intended to promote insight in the client
•DOES NOT provide deep insight, this can be irrelevant and does not help the client

Question 15

When is therapy most helpful?

Answer 15

At the beginning

•The rate of improvement at the beginning and decreased over time

Question 16

What is the difference between psychoanalysis and psychodynamic therapies ?

Answer 16

Psychodynamic:

1. Patient and client face each other and talk
2. one- two / week
3. Focus on specific current life issues

Analysis:

1. Patient free associates
2. Daily
3. Complete rebuilding of the client personality

Question 17

Interpersonal Therapy

Answer 17

a form of brief therapy that focuses on the client’s interpersonal problems and seeks to develop new interpersonal skills

Question 18

What is interpersonal therapy used to treat

Answer 18

Depression

Somatic system disorders

Question 19

How do humanist theorists view behaviour?

How is the different from psychodynamics theory’s?

Answer 19

Humans are capable of consciously controlling their actions and taking responsibility for their choices and behaviours
•Everyone has inner resources for self healing and personal growth
Psychodynamics: Behaviour is a product of our unconscious

Question 20

What is the goal of a humanist therapist?

Answer 20

To create an environment in which clients can engage in self exploration and remove the barriers that block their natural tendencies toward personal growth

Question 21

What approach does humanists focus on?

Answer 21

On the present and future

Question 22

What is the most widely used form of humanistic therapy?

Answer 22

Client Centred

Carl Rogers

Question 23

According to Rogers what are three important and interrelated therapists attributes?

Answer 23

1. Unconditional positive regard
2. Empathy
3. Genuineness

Question 24

Unconditional Positive regard

Answer 24

a communicated attitude of total and unconditional acceptance of another person that conveys the person’s intrinsic worth
•Trusting relation partly develop by therapists refusal to offer or advice (trust patient can work through problems)

Question 25

Empathy

Answer 25

the capacity for experiencing the same emotional response being exhibited by another person; in therapy, the ability of a therapist to view the world through the client’s eyes and to understand the client’s emotions
•Can be expressed through listening and rephrasing

Question 26

Genuineness

Answer 26

the ability of a therapist to honestly express his or her feelings to a client
•Either positive or negative

Question 27

Gestalt

Answer 27

The perceptual principles through which people actively organize stimulus elements into meaningful “whole” patterns

Question 28

What is the goal of Gestalt therapy?

Answer 28

To bring the background wishes and feelings into awareness so that the client can feel whole again

Question 29

What is a technique of Gestalt therapists?

Answer 29

Role-Play
–Empty chair exercise
They are more imaginative and dramatic

Question 30

How can Gestalt Therapy Help?

Answer 30

It causes an increased understanding, empathy or forgiveness of the other person or an ability to hold the others accountable for wrongdoing
•Empty chair can help resolve problems of unfinished business