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Biology > The Heart+blood > Flashcards

The Heart+blood Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Double circulation

A

Pulmonary —> to lungs

Systematic —> to the body

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1
Q

Transport system

A

Blood vessels,heart, blood

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2
Q

Blood vessels

A

Arteries, veins, capillaries

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3
Q

Valves

A

Control the flow of blood in the heart

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4
Q

Blood

A

Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, plasma

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5
Q

Blood clotting

A

Prevents blood loss, protects against entry of pathogens

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6
Q

Vaccination

A

Immune systems stimulated
Memory cells made
Future exposure to that pathogen is easily destroyed

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7
Q

Arteries

A

Oxygenated blood, away from heart

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8
Q

*pulmonary arterie

A

Deoxygenated blood, to lungs

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9
Q

Veins

A

Deoxygenated blood, back to the heart

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10
Q

Pulmonary vein

A

Oxygenated blood, from lungs to left atrium

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11
Q

Difference between veins and arteries

A

Veins have valves

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12
Q

Atria

A

Blood enters

Contracts forcing blood into ventricles

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13
Q

Ventricles

A

Ventricles contract
Blood to lungs from right
Blood around the body from left

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14
Q

Systole

A

Blood forced out of the arteries

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15
Q

Diastole

A

The heart filling with blood

16
Q

The heart

A 
Aorta
Pulmonary artery
Vena cava
pulmonary vein
Heart wall
17
Q

Aorta

A

Oxygenated blood around the body

18
Q

Pulmonary vein

A

Brings oxygenated blood from the lungs

19
Q

Heart wall

A

Thicker on left, to pump blood around the body

20
Q

Blood components

A 
Plasma
Red blood cells
White blood cells
Platelets
Diffusion
Blood clotting
21
Q

Plasma

A

Transports dissolved food molecules, carbon dioxide, urea, blood cells.
Mainly water

22
Q

Red blood cells

A

Haemoglobin, transports oxygen due to bi concave

23
Q

White blood cells

A

Defend the body against microbes

phagocytes and memory lymphocytes

24
Q

Phagocytes

A

Engulf pathogens

25
Q

Memory lymphocytes

A

Give us immunity

26
Q

Platelets

A

Help clot the blood

27
Q

Diffusion

A

Allows substances to move between blood and cells

28
Q

Blood clotting steps

A 
Injury
Platelets arrive
Calcium ions present
Thrombin formed which acts as fibrinogen
Turns it to fibrin
29
Q

Lymphocytes

A

Make antibodies to stick to pathogens (easier to swallow)

30
Q

Antibodies

A

Act as labels, pathogen now more recognisable
Bacterial cells burst open
Neutralises toxins produced by the bacteria

31
Q

Vaccination

A

A weakened/dead version of the pathogen

32
Q

Blood leaving the glomerulus

A

Low in glucose/water/amino acids/urea/ions

Biology (19 decks)

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