The Heart And Blood Vessels Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the parts of the heart

A
Vena carva
Right atrium
Right ventricle
Pulmonary artery 
Pulmonary vein 
Left atrium
Left ventricle
Aorta 
Valves - 2 pairs on each side
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2
Q

What does the vena carva do?

A

Deoxygenated blood enters right atrium Through vena carva

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3
Q

What do the left and right atrium do

A

Atria contract to force blood into both ventricles

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4
Q

What does the pulmonary artery do

A

Delivers deoxygenated blood to the lungs

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5
Q

What does the pulmonary vein do

A

Delivers oxygenated blood to the heart from the lungs

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6
Q

What does the ventricles do

A

Right - pumps blood to lungs where gas exchange takes place

Left- pumps blood around rest of body

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7
Q

What do the valves do

A

Stop blood flowing backwards

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8
Q

What does the aorta do

A

Delivers oxygenated blood to the rest of the body

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9
Q

What are the 3 types of blood vessels

A

Arteries
Veins
Capillaries

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10
Q

Explain arteries

A

Thick outer layer because blood is at high pressure
Narrow lumen
No valves
Blood flows from heart through arteries to organs
If the arteries become narrow and restrict blood flow stents are used to keep them open

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11
Q

Explain veins

A

Thin outer layer because blood is travelling more slowly
Wide lumen
Valves to stop blood going backwards
Blood returns from veins to heart eg vena carva

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12
Q

Explain capillaries

A

Very thin outer layer because only one cell thick
Very narrow lumen
No valves
Blood flows through these through organs so substances can pass in and out of capillary walls

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13
Q

What is blood

A

Blood is a tissue consists of plasma in which red and white blood cells and platelets are suspended.
Blood plasma transports carbon dioxide from organs to lungs
Soluble products of digestion from small intestine to other organs
Urea from liver to kidneys

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14
Q

What does the heart do

A

Organ that pumps blood around body in double circulatory system
Much of heart wall made of muscle tissue
Natural resting Heart rate controlled by group of cells in right atrium acting a pace maker
Artificial pacemakers correct irregularities in the heart beat

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15
Q

What are the 2 separate circulation systems

A

One for the lungs

One for the rest of the organs of the body

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16
Q

What does plasma carry

A

Carbon dioxide from organs to lungs
Soluble products of digestion from small intestine to organs
Urea from liver to kidneys

17
Q

What do red blood cells carry

A

Oxygen from lungs to organs
They have no nucleus
Packed with haemoglobin - combines in lungs to make oxyhaemoglobin
This splits in other organs

18
Q

What do white blood cells do

A

They have a nucleus

Part of body’s defence system against microorganisms

19
Q

What are platelets

A

Small fragments of cells
No nucleus
Help blood to clot at site of a wound