THE HEART Flashcards
The right side of the heart receives what kind of blood
oxygen-poor blood
The left side of the heart receives what kind of blood
oxygen-rich blood
Blood vessels of the _____________ are the ones that carry blood to and from the lungs.
pulmonary circuit
The blood vessels that carry blood to and from all body tissues form the ________________.
systemic circuit
Right side: receives oxygen-poor blood from ____________ and then sends this blood to the _____ to pick up oxygen and remove carbon dioxide
Body tissues
lungs
Left side: receives the oxygenated blood returning from the _______ and pumps this blood throughout the body to supply oxygen and nutrients to ________
lungs
body tissues
The receiving chambers
The right and left atria
The pumping chambers
The right and left ventricles
The right atrium receives blood returning from the _________
systemic circuit
The left atrium receives blood returning from the _________
pulmonary circuit
The right ventricle pumps blood into the __________
pulmonary circuit
The left ventricle pumps blood into the ___________
systemic circuit
describe the heart in 3 words
fist, hollow, cone
mass of heart
250 g to 350 g (less than a pound)
the heart is enclosed within
the medial cavity of the thorax mediastinum
the apex of the heart points inferiorly towards what?
the left hip
If you press your fingers between the fifth and sixth ribs just below the left nipple, you can easily feel the ___________ caused by your beating heart’s apex where it touches the chest wall.
apical impulse
the double walled sac that encloses the heart.
pericardium
what are the 2 layers of the pericardium
fibrous pericardium and serous pericardium
The loosely fitting superficial part of this sac
fibrous pericardium
describe fibrous pericardium
tough and dense connective tissue layer
what are the 3 things the fibrous pericardium does
protects the heart
anchors it to surrounding structures
prevents overfilling of the heart with blood
Deep to the fibrous pericardium, a thin, slippery, two-Layered serous membrane that forms a closed sac around the heart.
serous pericardium
the serous pericardium is made up of 2 layers what are they
parietal and visceral layer
lines the internal surface of the fibrous pericardium
parietal layer
the epicardium, an integral part of the heart wall.
visceral layer
Between the parietal and visceral layers
pericardial cavity
Pericardial cavity: contains a film of
serous fluid
The serous membranes, lubricated by the fluid, glide smoothly past one another, allowing the mobile heart to work in a relatively ___________
friction free environment
At the superior margin of the heart, the ________ attaches to the large arteries exiting the heart, and then turns inferiorly and continues over the external heart surface as the _________
parietal layer
visceral layer
what are the 3 layers of the heart wall
Superficial epicardium
Myocardium
Endocardium
is the visceral layer of the serous pericardium. It is often infiltrated with fat, especially in older people.
superficial epicardium
Myocardium: the ____ layer, composed mainly of ________ and forms the _______ of the heart. This is the layer that ______.
middle
cardiac muscle
bulk
contracts
The branching cardiac muscle cells are tethered to one another by criss crossing connective tissue fibers and arranged in spiral or circular ______. These ________ effectively _____ all parts of the heart together.
bundles
interlacing bundles
link
The connective tissue fibers form a dense network, the __________, that ______ the myocardium internally and ______ the cardiac muscle fibers. This network of _____ and ______ is thicker in some areas than others.
fibrous cardiac skeleton reinforces anchors collagen elastic fibers
