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Anatomy > The Heart > Flashcards

The Heart Flashcards

1
Q

What is in superior mediastinum: 3

A

Great vessels, esophagus, trachea

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2
Q

What is in anterior/inferior mediastinum: 3

A

Thymus, connective tissue, lymphatics

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3
Q

What is in middle inferior mediastinum (4)

A

Pericardium, heart, roots of great vessels, main bronchi

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4
Q

What is in posterior inferior mediastinum: 3

A

Esophagus, descending aorta, azygous and hemiazygous veins

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5
Q

What happens when stabbed in left chest vs right

A

Left: more likely to hit left ventricle. Right side not as likely to hit the heart

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6
Q

Heart runs between which costal spaces

A

Between 1st and 2nd costal cartilage to 5th intercostal space

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7
Q

What are the layers of the pericardium (3)

A

Fibrous, serous: parietal layer and visceral layer (epicardium)

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8
Q

Layers of the heart

A

Epicardium, myocardium, endocardium

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9
Q

Serous pericardium/parietal layer lines what

A

Fibrous pericardium

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10
Q

Visceral layer of serous pericardium lines what

A

Outermost layer of heart wall

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11
Q

Heart and pericardium situated ____

___ shape

A

Obliquely

Pyramidal

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12
Q

Four surfaces of heart

A

Anterior/sternocostal
Left pulmonary
Right pulmonary
Diaphragmatic

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13
Q

Where does mediastinum end by

A

T4

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14
Q

Where do pulmonary veins enter, how many

A

4, left atrium

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15
Q

What lines right atrium
Receives blood from what
Remnant of what/what its called

A

Pectinate muscles
IVC, SVC, coronary sinus
Fossa ovalis, foramen ovale

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16
Q

What lines right ventricle
Tendinous cords and papillary muscles come off of what
What is at bottom of papillary muscles

A

Trabeculae carneae
Anterior cusp
Moderator band/septomarginal trabecula

17
Q

How many cusps on tricuspid valve

A

3

18
Q

How many cusps mitral valve

A

2

19
Q

In left ventricle cusps open up to what, what happens

A

Coronary arteries, feeds blood during diastole

20
Q

1/3 of heart fed by what

2/3 of heart fed by what

A

RCA, posterior interventricular branch

LCA

21
Q

Where is coronary sinus on heart and what it drains

A

Posterior heart

Great cardiac vein and left marginal vein

22
Q

Autonomic innervation to heart: 2 plexi

A

Superficial cardiac plexus and deep cardiac plexus

23
Q

SNS to heart: presynaptic fibers __-__

Postsynaptic fibers: __ __

A

T1-T6

Sympathetic ganglia

24
Q

Sns to heart does what

A

Increases HR and dilates coronary arteries

25
Q

PNS to heart

Presynaptic fibers: from cn ___, synapse on __ __ near __ and __ __

A

X, intrinsic ganglia, SA and AV nodes

26
Q

PNS to heart does what

A

Decreases HR and force of contraction. Constricts coronary arteries

27
Q

Cervical thoracic ganglion is fusion of what

A

T1 and inferior cervical ganglia

28
Q

Vagus: branching where on left and right sides of heart

A

Aorta left side, subclavian right

Anatomy (23 decks)

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