The Heart Flashcards
What is in superior mediastinum: 3
Great vessels, esophagus, trachea
What is in anterior/inferior mediastinum: 3
Thymus, connective tissue, lymphatics
What is in middle inferior mediastinum (4)
Pericardium, heart, roots of great vessels, main bronchi
What is in posterior inferior mediastinum: 3
Esophagus, descending aorta, azygous and hemiazygous veins
What happens when stabbed in left chest vs right
Left: more likely to hit left ventricle. Right side not as likely to hit the heart
Heart runs between which costal spaces
Between 1st and 2nd costal cartilage to 5th intercostal space
What are the layers of the pericardium (3)
Fibrous, serous: parietal layer and visceral layer (epicardium)
Layers of the heart
Epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
Serous pericardium/parietal layer lines what
Fibrous pericardium
Visceral layer of serous pericardium lines what
Outermost layer of heart wall
Heart and pericardium situated ____
___ shape
Obliquely
Pyramidal
Four surfaces of heart
Anterior/sternocostal
Left pulmonary
Right pulmonary
Diaphragmatic
Where does mediastinum end by
T4
Where do pulmonary veins enter, how many
4, left atrium
What lines right atrium
Receives blood from what
Remnant of what/what its called
Pectinate muscles
IVC, SVC, coronary sinus
Fossa ovalis, foramen ovale
What lines right ventricle
Tendinous cords and papillary muscles come off of what
What is at bottom of papillary muscles
Trabeculae carneae
Anterior cusp
Moderator band/septomarginal trabecula
How many cusps on tricuspid valve
3
How many cusps mitral valve
2
In left ventricle cusps open up to what, what happens
Coronary arteries, feeds blood during diastole
1/3 of heart fed by what
2/3 of heart fed by what
RCA, posterior interventricular branch
LCA
Where is coronary sinus on heart and what it drains
Posterior heart
Great cardiac vein and left marginal vein
Autonomic innervation to heart: 2 plexi
Superficial cardiac plexus and deep cardiac plexus
SNS to heart: presynaptic fibers __-__
Postsynaptic fibers: __ __
T1-T6
Sympathetic ganglia
Sns to heart does what
Increases HR and dilates coronary arteries
