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Anatomy > Abdominal Wall, Viscera, Portal > Flashcards

Abdominal Wall, Viscera, Portal Flashcards

1
Q

External oblique
Lateral to what
Attached where
Fibers run what direction

A

Latissimus dorsi

Iliac crest
Lateral to medial

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2
Q

Ant abdominal wall muscles
Do what
What is deepest layer
What does rectus abdominus insert into

A

Compress abdominal cavity (vomiting, breathing)

Transversus abdominus

Lower ribs to pelvis

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3
Q

Rectus sheath consists of aponeuroses of what 3 things

A

EO, IO, and transversus abdominus

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4
Q

Arcuate line

What and where it is

A

Below umbilicus, where posterior part of rectus sheath ends

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5
Q

What makes up anterior rectus sheath

A

Internal oblique and external oblique

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6
Q

What makes up posterior rectus sheath

A

Internal oblique and transversus abdominus

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7
Q

Nerves to anterior abdominal wall

4, vertebral regions

A

T7-T11
Subcostal nerve (T12)
Iliohypogastric (L1)
Ilioinguinal (L1)

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8
Q

Iliohypogastric supplies what general area

A

Inferior abdomen, superior inguinal region, some supply to thighs

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9
Q

Ilioinguinal supplies what general area

A

Inguinal region and some thigh innervation

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10
Q

2 major arteries of anterior abdominal artery and where they branch from

A

Superior epigastric artery- internal thoracic artery

Inferior epigastric artery- external iliac artery

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11
Q

What run deep to inguinal ligament

A

Fem vein, artery, canal

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12
Q

Femoral canal

Site of which hernia

A

Loop of small intestine in women, strangulation risk

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13
Q

What muscle is a major part of inguinal ligament

A

External oblique

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14
Q

Inguinal canal: what runs through it

A

Spermatic cord

Round ligament of uterus

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15
Q

Path of spermatic cord

A

Deep inguinal ring, inguinal canal, superficial inguinal ring

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16
Q

What is contained by spermatic cord: 3

A

Ductus deferens
Testicular artery
Pampiniform plexus of veins

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17
Q

Testicular vein
Empties where
Role of pampiniform plexus

A

IVC near kidneys

Heat exchange from arterial blood

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18
Q

Where sperm is stored as it matures

A

Epididymis

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19
Q

Where head and tail of epididymis are

A

Head- superior teste

Tail- inferior

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20
Q

Testicular artery enters where

A

Superior pole of testes

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21
Q

Vas deferens enters testes where

A

Inferior poor

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22
Q

Ductus deferens turns into what

A

Epididymis at inferior pole of teste/ tail

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23
Q

What blood supplies inferior abdominal cavity

A

Inferior epigastric vessels from external iliac artery

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24
Q

Direct hernias
How you get them
Where they occur
Where they emerge

A

Acquired
Medial to inferior epigastric vessels
Superficial inguinal ring

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25
Indirect inguinal hernias How you get them Where they happen Emerge where
Congenital Lateral to inferior epigastric vessels Spermatic cord fascia
26
Which 3 organs intraperitoneal
Spleen, stomach, parts of bowel
27
Which organs retroperitoneal What covers posterior part
Kidneys, parts of bowel, parts of pancreas Posterior abdominal wall
28
What is mesentery
Double layer of visceral peritoneum, surrounds intraperitoneal organs
29
What is peritoneal ligament
Connects two organs or organ to a wall/other structure
30
What is omentum
Double layer of mesentery (4 layers of viscera)
31
Greater omentum Where it starts Contains part of what Serves as abdominal what
Greater curve of stomach Transverse colon Where inflammation forms adhesions to contain infection
32
Any organ that isn't retroperitoneal is suspended by posterior abdominal wall by what
Mesentery
33
Foregut | ___ to __ contains which organs
Mouth to duodenum Liver, stomach, esophagus
34
Midgut | Path
Duodenum to first 2/3 LI
35
Hindgut | Path
Distal 1/3 of LI
36
GI tract consists of what
Esophagus, stomach, intestines
37
Transition of midgut to hindgut happens where
Left colic flexure
38
Esophagus enters abdomen where
Diaphragm, T10
39
What connects stomach to duodenum
Pylorus
40
How to tell jejunum from ileum
J- vasa recta long, arcades short I- vasa recta short, arcades long
41
What is general area that appendix is
Ileocecal junction
42
What are epiploic appendages
Fatty appendages on LI
43
Where is uncinate process, which organ
Posterior to superior mesenteric artery and vein Pancreas
44
Major pancreatic duct | Where, enters what
Tail to second part of duodenum | Common bile duct
45
Minor pancreatic duct | Enters SI where
Second part of duodenum
46
What is hepatopancreatic ampulla
Space before bile and pancreatic duct where they enter duodenum
47
Bile duct, pancreatic duct, and hepato-pancreatic ampulla all have what
Sphincters
48
liver and gallbladder | Receive substances absorbed by gi tract through what
Portal venous system
49
Liver and gallbladder Secrete __ Store__
Bile | Glycogen
50
Bile travels through __ duct to __ __ duct to __ __ duct
Hepatic, common hepatic, common bile
51
Bile enters and leaves gallbladder through what
Cystic duct
52
Portal triad consists of what
Portal vein, hepatic artery, common bile duct
53
Porta hepatis is region where what
Portal triad enters and leaves liver
54
Portal system Carries blood that is __ rich and __ poor To __ from __ __ via __ __ __
``` Nutrient Oxygen Liver Gi tract Hepatic portal vein ```
55
3 parts of portal system
Splenic vein SMV IMV
56
Where esophageal varicose occur
Esophageal vein from liver flow impingement and pressure increase
57
Right kidney __ and __ than left
Lower and smaller
58
Kidneys have blood supply from where
Inferior vena cava and descending abdominal aorta
59
Hilum is where what
Renal artery and renal vein attach to kidney, also where ureter attaches Filled w fat
60
Urine drains through __ calyx to __ calyx to __ __ to __
Minor, major, renal pelvis, ureter
61
Cortex of suprarenal glands make what
Corticosteroids and androgens
62
Medulla of suprarenal glands makes what
Epi and norepi
63
Right adrenal gland shaped like what, left adrenal gland shaped like what
Crescent

Anatomy (23 decks)

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