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Anatomy > Abdominal Wall, Viscera, Portal > Flashcards

Abdominal Wall, Viscera, Portal Flashcards

1
Q

External oblique
Lateral to what
Attached where
Fibers run what direction

A

Latissimus dorsi

Iliac crest
Lateral to medial

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2
Q

Ant abdominal wall muscles
Do what
What is deepest layer
What does rectus abdominus insert into

A

Compress abdominal cavity (vomiting, breathing)

Transversus abdominus

Lower ribs to pelvis

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3
Q

Rectus sheath consists of aponeuroses of what 3 things

A

EO, IO, and transversus abdominus

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4
Q

Arcuate line

What and where it is

A

Below umbilicus, where posterior part of rectus sheath ends

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5
Q

What makes up anterior rectus sheath

A

Internal oblique and external oblique

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6
Q

What makes up posterior rectus sheath

A

Internal oblique and transversus abdominus

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7
Q

Nerves to anterior abdominal wall

4, vertebral regions

A

T7-T11
Subcostal nerve (T12)
Iliohypogastric (L1)
Ilioinguinal (L1)

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8
Q

Iliohypogastric supplies what general area

A

Inferior abdomen, superior inguinal region, some supply to thighs

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9
Q

Ilioinguinal supplies what general area

A

Inguinal region and some thigh innervation

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10
Q

2 major arteries of anterior abdominal artery and where they branch from

A

Superior epigastric artery- internal thoracic artery

Inferior epigastric artery- external iliac artery

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11
Q

What run deep to inguinal ligament

A

Fem vein, artery, canal

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12
Q

Femoral canal

Site of which hernia

A

Loop of small intestine in women, strangulation risk

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13
Q

What muscle is a major part of inguinal ligament

A

External oblique

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14
Q

Inguinal canal: what runs through it

A

Spermatic cord

Round ligament of uterus

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15
Q

Path of spermatic cord

A

Deep inguinal ring, inguinal canal, superficial inguinal ring

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16
Q

What is contained by spermatic cord: 3

A

Ductus deferens
Testicular artery
Pampiniform plexus of veins

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17
Q

Testicular vein
Empties where
Role of pampiniform plexus

A

IVC near kidneys

Heat exchange from arterial blood

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18
Q

Where sperm is stored as it matures

A

Epididymis

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19
Q

Where head and tail of epididymis are

A

Head- superior teste

Tail- inferior

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20
Q

Testicular artery enters where

A

Superior pole of testes

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21
Q

Vas deferens enters testes where

A

Inferior poor

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22
Q

Ductus deferens turns into what

A

Epididymis at inferior pole of teste/ tail

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23
Q

What blood supplies inferior abdominal cavity

A

Inferior epigastric vessels from external iliac artery

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24
Q

Direct hernias
How you get them
Where they occur
Where they emerge

A

Acquired
Medial to inferior epigastric vessels
Superficial inguinal ring

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25
Q

Indirect inguinal hernias
How you get them
Where they happen
Emerge where

A

Congenital
Lateral to inferior epigastric vessels
Spermatic cord fascia

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26
Q

Which 3 organs intraperitoneal

A

Spleen, stomach, parts of bowel

27
Q

Which organs retroperitoneal

What covers posterior part

A

Kidneys, parts of bowel, parts of pancreas

Posterior abdominal wall

28
Q

What is mesentery

A

Double layer of visceral peritoneum, surrounds intraperitoneal organs

29
Q

What is peritoneal ligament

A

Connects two organs or organ to a wall/other structure

30
Q

What is omentum

A

Double layer of mesentery (4 layers of viscera)

31
Q

Greater omentum
Where it starts
Contains part of what
Serves as abdominal what

A

Greater curve of stomach
Transverse colon
Where inflammation forms adhesions to contain infection

32
Q

Any organ that isn’t retroperitoneal is suspended by posterior abdominal wall by what

A

Mesentery

33
Q

Foregut

___ to __ contains which organs

A

Mouth to duodenum

Liver, stomach, esophagus

34
Q

Midgut

Path

A

Duodenum to first 2/3 LI

35
Q

Hindgut

Path

A

Distal 1/3 of LI

36
Q

GI tract consists of what

A

Esophagus, stomach, intestines

37
Q

Transition of midgut to hindgut happens where

A

Left colic flexure

38
Q

Esophagus enters abdomen where

A

Diaphragm, T10

39
Q

What connects stomach to duodenum

A

Pylorus

40
Q

How to tell jejunum from ileum

A

J- vasa recta long, arcades short

I- vasa recta short, arcades long

41
Q

What is general area that appendix is

A

Ileocecal junction

42
Q

What are epiploic appendages

A

Fatty appendages on LI

43
Q

Where is uncinate process, which organ

A

Posterior to superior mesenteric artery and vein

Pancreas

44
Q

Major pancreatic duct

Where, enters what

A

Tail to second part of duodenum

Common bile duct

45
Q

Minor pancreatic duct

Enters SI where

A

Second part of duodenum

46
Q

What is hepatopancreatic ampulla

A

Space before bile and pancreatic duct where they enter duodenum

47
Q

Bile duct, pancreatic duct, and hepato-pancreatic ampulla all have what

A

Sphincters

48
Q

liver and gallbladder

Receive substances absorbed by gi tract through what

A

Portal venous system

49
Q

Liver and gallbladder
Secrete __
Store__

A

Bile

Glycogen

50
Q

Bile travels through __ duct to __ __ duct to __ __ duct

A

Hepatic, common hepatic, common bile

51
Q

Bile enters and leaves gallbladder through what

A

Cystic duct

52
Q

Portal triad consists of what

A

Portal vein, hepatic artery, common bile duct

53
Q

Porta hepatis is region where what

A

Portal triad enters and leaves liver

54
Q

Portal system
Carries blood that is __ rich and __ poor
To __ from __ __ via __ __ __

A 
Nutrient
Oxygen 
Liver
Gi tract
Hepatic portal vein
55
Q

3 parts of portal system

A

Splenic vein
SMV
IMV

56
Q

Where esophageal varicose occur

A

Esophageal vein from liver flow impingement and pressure increase

57
Q

Right kidney __ and __ than left

A

Lower and smaller

58
Q

Kidneys have blood supply from where

A

Inferior vena cava and descending abdominal aorta

59
Q

Hilum is where what

A

Renal artery and renal vein attach to kidney, also where ureter attaches

Filled w fat

60
Q

Urine drains through __ calyx to __ calyx to __ __ to __

A

Minor, major, renal pelvis, ureter

61
Q

Cortex of suprarenal glands make what

A

Corticosteroids and androgens

62
Q

Medulla of suprarenal glands makes what

A

Epi and norepi

63
Q

Right adrenal gland shaped like what, left adrenal gland shaped like what

A

Crescent

Anatomy (23 decks)

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