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Anatomy 25 > The Heart > Flashcards

The Heart Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the heart live?

A

mediastinum - space between the lungs, apex points toward left hip

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2
Q

Right Atrium

A

Receives oxygenated blood from lungs (contains pectinate muscles)

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3
Q

Left Atrium

A

Receives oxygenated blood from lungs

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4
Q

Intra-atrial Septum

A

Separates the atria

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5
Q

Right Ventricle

A

Pumps deoxygenates blood to the lungs

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6
Q

Left Ventricle

A

Pumps oxygenated blood to the rest of the body

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7
Q

Intraventricular Septum

A

Wal of tissue separating ventricles

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8
Q

Trabeculae Carneae

A

Ridges of muscle inside the ventricles

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9
Q

Tricuspid valve

A

Between RIGHT atrium and ventricle

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10
Q

Bicuspid (Mitral) Valve

A

Between LEFT atrium and ventricle

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11
Q

Chordae Tendinae

A

Fibrous bands of CT that connect valves to papillary muscles (the heartstrings)

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12
Q

Papillary Muscles

A

Prevent valves from inverting during ventricular contractions

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13
Q

Pulmonary Valve

A

Between right ventricle and pulmonary trunk

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14
Q

Aortic Valve

A

Between left ventricle and aorta

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15
Q

Systole/Distole

A

Systole is the phase when ventricles contract; distole is the phase when they relax

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16
Q

Superior Vena Cava

A

Returns blood from above heart to right atrium

17
Q

Inferior Vena Cava

A

Returns blood from below heart to right atrium

18
Q

Pulmonary Trunk

A

Receives deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle

19
Q

Pulmonary Arteries

A

Carry deoxygenated blood from the pulmonary trunk to the lungs

20
Q

Pulmonary Veins

A

Carry oxygenated blood back from the lungs

21
Q

The Aorta

A

Receives oxygenated blood from the left ventricle and carries it to the rest of the body

22
Q

What is the cycle of blood flow starting with deoxygenated blood returning to the bidy

A
  1. Superior and Inferior Vena Cava
    Receive blood and send it to the
  2. right atrium
    Which pumps blood through the
  3. tricuspid valve
    And into the
  4. right ventricle
    Which passes the
  5. pulmonary valve
    Into the
  6. pulmonary trunk
    Which sends blood out the
  7. pulmonary arteries
    And into the
  8. Lungs
    Where it returns, oxygenated via the
  9. Pulmonary Veins
    Which deposit in the
  10. Left atrium
    Which pumps past the
  11. **bicuspid valve*
    Into the
    12 Left Ventricle
    Which sends it to the rest of the body via the
    13 Aorta
23
Q

List the layers of the pericardium from superficial to deep

A

Pericardium is a tough, two-layered membrane that surrounds the heart
Fibrous pericardium is the tough outer layer of dense CT that protects it
Serous perocardium is the delicate inner layer that covers the heart’s surface
pericardial cavity is the space between the layers that is filled with lubricating serous fluid

24
Q

What is the function if the pericardium?

A

Anchor is the heart to the superior portion of the diaphragm and protect the heart as it moves in the thoracic cavity

25
Q

What are the layers of the heart from superficial to deep?

A

epicardium - outermost layer, connects to visceral pericardium
myocardium - thick middle layer of cardiac muscle cells filled with blood vessels and nervous fibers
endocardium - innermost layer of the heart that lines the heart chambers and valves, that is exposed to blood

26
Q

Conducting Cells

A

Myocardial cells that initiate and propagate action potentials

27
Q

What type of intercellular junction allows for the passage of ions and allows heart muscle cells to contract synchronously?

A

Intercalated discs

28
Q

What is the cardiac skeleton?

A

A dense CT structure inside the heart that
-anchors and forma heart valves
-provides structure and support for the heart
-Isolates atria from ventricles

29
Q

List the conductive system of the heart in order

A

Sinoatrial (SA) Node - superior right atrium, pacemaker for the heart, establishes sinus rhythm, intrinsic rate of 100 bpm

Atrioventricular (AV) Node - inter-atrial septum, delays impulse from SA node, sets junctional rhythm

Atrioventricular Bundle carries signal to interventricular septum

**right and left bundle branches ** - carry signal to apex of the heart

purkinje fibers spread signal from apex to contractile cells in ventricles

30
Q

What is an EKG/ECG

A

Electrocradiogram, a recording of the electrical activity of the heart

Anatomy 25 (17 decks)

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