the heart Flashcards
what 4 components make up blood
plasma , platelets, WBC, RBC
structure of artery
thick muscular wall and small lumen
structure of vein
thin muscular wall
big lumen
valves to stop backflow
risk factors of coronary heart disease
overweight
high fat diet
smoking
genetics (?)
structure of capillaries
walls 1 cell thick
where do arteries take blood
away from heart to lungs/body
where do veins take blood
in to heart from lungs/body
where are capillaries found
organs where diffusion of substances occur
4 chambers of heart
Left and right atria
Left and right ventricles
what is plasma
liquid part of blood
solution of salts, glucose , proteins and fats
what do WBC do
immune system
fight of disease
what do platelets do
involved in blood clotting
what do RBC do
carry oxygen
4 ways to treat cardiovascular disease
stent
statin
replace faulty heart valves
transplant
what is a stent
thin metal mesh inserted to keep coronary arteries open
advantages of stents
widens artery
more blood flow
less serious surgery
stent disadvantage
risk of anaesthetic in surgery
blood clots
damage to blood vessels
what is a statin
drug that keeps cholesterol levels low
slows down deposit of fat in arteries
statins advantage
effective
can prevent CHD from developing
statins disadvantage
side effects
risk factors for coronary heart disease
diet
obesity
alcohol
smoking
carinogens
malignant tumours definition
cancerous tumours that invade neighbouring tissue
benign tumour definition
non cancerous
don’t spread in body
why can type O blood be given to anybody
no antigens in that blood
SO
antibodies cannot bind to antigens
where are pacemakers placed?
right atrium
