Endocrine system and Hormonal coordination Flashcards
What are the human body’s two communication systems?
Endocrine system
Nervous system
What makes up the endocrine system?
Glands
Name 6 glands that secrete hormones
Pituitary gland
Pancreas
Thyroid
Adrenal Gland
Ovary
Testes
What does the pituitary gland do?
‘MASTER GLAND’
~ Secrete hormones into the blood to either have an effect on the body or to prompt other glands to produce hormones
What does the pancreas do?
Secretes insulin which controls blood sugar levels
What does the thyroid do?
Secretes thyroxine
Controls metabolic rate, heart rate and body temperature
What is thyroxine made up of?
Made using iodine
What is the purpose of the hormone thyroxine?
Controls how much energy your body uses, oxygen use, brain growth
What does the adrenal gland do?
Secretes adrenaline
Involved in ‘fight or flight’ situations
What does the ovary secrete?
Oestrogen
What is oestrogen involved in?
Menstruation
Puberty
Where is testosterone secreted?
Testes
What is testosterone involved in?
Puberty
What does adrenaline do?
-increases heart rate
-boost delivery of oxygen
and glucose to brain and
muscles to prepare for
‘fight or flight’
How does IVF Treatment work?
mother is given FSH and LH to stimulate maturation of several eggs
eggs collected from mother and are fertilised in a lab
eggs develop in to embryos
one or two eggs are inserted in to the mothers uterus when embryos are still a tiny ball of cells
What is the purpose of hormones in plants?
To coordinate and control their growth and their responses to light and gravity
What is phototropism?
Orientation and growth of plants in response to light
What is geotropism?
Growth of plants in response to gravity
What are plant hormones used in?
Used in agriculture and horticulture to control the growth of desirable plants and crops
What is the function of AUXIN?
Plant growth regulator
- Unequal distributions of auxin cause unequal growth rates in plant roots and shoots
What is the agricultural use of AUXIN?
-Weedkiller
-Rooting powder
-Promoting growth in
tissue cultures
What is the function of ethene?
(plants)
Acts as a hormone to control cell division
What is the agricultural use of ethene?
Control ripening of fruit during storage and transport
(e.g bananas)
What is the function of gibberellins?
Regulates developmental processes
e.g initiating seed germination
What is the agricultural use of gibberellins?
End seed dormancy
Promote flowering
Increase fruit size
What is metabolism?
All the chemical reactions in the cells of an organism, including respiration
